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Where is it applicable?
At work
place
InBy
transport
product
and
consumption
public life
Product
consumption
Public Life
At workplace
PRICE BASED
BENEFITS
Lower raw material
and labour costs
Subsidies and lower
taxes
Lower legal costs
SOCIAL BENEFITS
Greater claim on
access to resources
(rights based benefit)
Better Public Image
Assumed longer term
availability of
resources.
REGULATION IN INDIA
REGULATION IN INDIA
Coca Cola drew around 510,000 litres of water each day from
boreholes and open wells. For every 3.75 litres of water used by
the plant, it produced one litre of product and a large amount of
waste water.
CASE STUDY
Two years after production began protest by local residents became
common place. Local communities complained that water pollution
and extreme water shortages were endangering their lives
CASE STUDY
THE SETTLEMENT:
The decision was challenged in the High Court. The High Court ordered
the plant to stop drawing the groundwater within a month, ruling that
the amount of water extracted by the plant was illegal. But at the same
time, it ordered the Village Council to renew the licence and not
interfere with the functioning of the Company as long as it was not
extracting the prohibited ground water.
After a long drawn legal battle, Coca Cola was forced to close down its
factory but till date, the afflicted demand compensation for the harm
caused to them.
CONTROLLING POLLUTION
DESIGN
RESOURE
EFFICIENCY
MATERIAL
REUSE
PROCESS
CHANGE OR
ELIMINATIO
N
MATERIAL
SUBSTITUTI
ON
Environmental Harm
Definition
Material environmental harm - Includes environmental harm that is neither trivial nor negligible
or which results in damage or losses exceeding $20,000.
Serious environmental harm - Includes environmental harm that is irreversible, high impact or
wide-spread or occurs in an area of high conservation value. Environmental harm resulting in
damage or losses exceeding $100,000 is also classified as serious environmental harm.
Case Study
11th December 2005 - Buncefield, England
A large tank at an oil-products storage depot overfilled with petrol due to the
gauge enabling the operation to be monitored becoming stuck and an independent
high-level switch that closed down operations automatically if the tank was
overfilled was inoperable.
Overflowing petrol formed a vapour cloud that ignited, causing a blast that
measured 2.4 on the Richter scale
Traditional Damage
43 people injured
Losses
Total Losses = 894m (1.113 billion)
Environmental Damage
Air pollution: Minimal due to nearly complete combustion, buoyancy of high plume and
favourable weather conditions
Water pollution: 786 litres of foam concentrate containing zinc and perfluorooctane sulfonate
(PFOS) released. 68 million litres of fire fighting water used.
Caveat Emptor
Implied Warranty Negligence
Approach of Merchantability Approach
Caveat Emptor
Implied Warranty Negligence
Approach of Merchantability Approach
IMPLIED WARRANTY OF
MERCHANTABILITY
That a product will:
1. Pass without objection in the trade
2. Be of uniform quality and quantity
3. Be fit for its ordinary purposes
4. Be adequately packaged and labeled
5. Conform to its labels
Caveat Emptor
Implied Warranty Negligence
Approach of Merchantability Approach
Caveat Emptor
Implied Warranty Negligence
Approach of Merchantability Approach
THANK YOU!