UNIT 3

SCANNING & UNDERSTANDING NOUN

CLAUSES
Objectives:
to find specific information
to locate source of information
to get the meaning of implied details
to understand Noun Clauses

What is scanning?
Reading rapidly for specific information
How to scan?
Make sure you are clear about what specific
information you like to find
Get the KEYWORD in the question you have
to answer
Run your eyes rapidly up and down the
passage looking for the keyword or word
related to the specific information you want
to find (You do not need to read every
sentence in the passage)

 If the question looks for a NAME, then

you only read to find words beginning
with CAPITAL letters. Finally you
check if it really answers the question.
If the question asks for DATES, you
read to look for FIGURES/NUMBERS
and check if they answer the question.

1. Scan the following advertisement by

answering these questions!
What kind of advertisement is it?
Who can apply for the job?
Where are the job locations-to be?
If you want to apply, who can you contact?
What is the address?
Engineering Graduates
Must possess degree in electrical, chemical or
industrial engineering. Company is expanding. Job
opportunities on U.S. West or East Coasts and in
Middle East. Letters of inquiry are welcome. Write
to: Frank Memry, MHC Engineering, Inc., 475
Evanston Drive, Santa Clara, CA 94301. Equal
Opportunity Employer

Locating the source of information

Answer this question: Where in the
passage does the author mention the first
appearance of the clay figure known as
Gumby?

10

Art Coley has been delighting children with his

information techniques since 1953. He uses a
technique called stop-motion in which he films clay
figures, stops the filming, and then repositions the
figures to continue to film. When the film is
completed, his clay figures move around to act out
his stories. Perhaps, the best known of Coleys
three-dimensional animated characters is Gumby,
a little green slab of clay who has been around since
1956

3. Getting an implied meaning

Unlike other toads, the male golden toad is
nearly voiceless. It attracts its mate by its
unmistakable orange color. When the clouds
are thick in rain forest, usually in April and
May, the male toads appear like flashing neon
signals, which is as effective as croaking in
luring females during mating season.

It can be inferred (or it is implied) from the

passage that most toads attract their mate by
making voices

Grammar Points:
A. WH-Questions:

Who: e.g. Who made the table?

Whom: e.g. Whom did you invite to your party?
Whose: e.g. Whose book did you borrow?
What: e.g. What does he want?
What made her cry?
When: e.g. When did they arrive?
Where: e.g. Where do you like to live?
Why: e.g. Why dont you explain it to her?
Which: e.g. Which book did you buy?
How: e.g. How often do you go swimming?
How much does it cost?
How long will you stay here?
How does he drive?
How many books do you have?
How much water do you need?

B. Noun Clause:
Definition:
A clause that functions as a noun or takes
the place of a noun in a sentence
Functions or Positions in a sentence:
Subject
Object
Subject complement

Study the following examples of Noun

clauses
Why he left earlier was still a question.
That he is in Bogor is not true.
How they will spend the money will be
discussed soon.
I dont understand why he decided not to
buy the house.
We are wondering what will happen to
them afterwards.
Does anybody realize that there might be
another earthquake in the coastal area?
The question is when we are going to get
the fund.
The problem is that there isnt enough fund
for the project.

Exercise 1
Genetic engineering is an enormously powerful new technique for
changing life. To understand this process and what it can do, it is
first necessary to understand something about lifes basic
chemistry. Living organisms consist of cells, which are the
smallest units of life. The center of a cell, the area known as the
5
nucleus, contains DNA and the other chemicals necessary for life.
When Watson and Crick discovered the structure of DNA in 1953,
they knew that they were studying the molecule that contained the
blueprints for life. The DNA molecule contains all the information
10 necessary for the construction, growth, and reproduction of living
organisms. Watson and Crick found that DNA molecules consist of
two chains of chemicals called nucleotides. Nucleotides are made
of the sugar deoxyribose and four other chemicals called adenine,
cytosine, guanine, and thiamine. These four chemicals are known
15 as the bases. The two chains twine around each other in the shape
of a twisted ladder. At certain points along the chain, hydrogen
bonds fasten the two chains together. This twisted shape is known
as a double helix. To visualize the shape of the DNA molecule,
think of a spiral staircase.

THANK YOU