SANITATION

AND SAFETY
IN HOUSEKEEPING
HRTM 133 Front office and Housekeeping Department
Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1
VSU-DCHM

LESSON
CONTENT

Definition of Sanitation
Prevention of Bacterial
Contamination
Pest Control
General Control Measures
Pest Control
Chemicals/Equipment
Garbage and Refuse
Management
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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Safety and Security

Objectives:
examining how to ensure safety
and security in the hotel
operations
Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

What is
SANITATION?

Refers to the maintenance of healthy and

hygienic conditions that is free from disease
causing organisms

MICROORGANISM?
Microorganism coined from Greek word
micro (small) and organism (living beings);
tiny, living and active beings that rapidly
multiply in numbers that can only be seen
with the aid of a microscope.

Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Microorganisms
& how do they
multiply?

Bacteria breads in unsanitary,

moist and slightly acidic
environment:
Dirty surroundings
Wet, un-disposed and uncovered
garbage
Stagnant and dirty water
Crowded places like storerooms
that are dirty
Dirty and un-sanitized containers,
pans and utensils
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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

3 major ways of
contamination

Bacterial
Physical
Chemical

Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Refer to perfumes,
lotion, antiseptic
appliances, make-up,
cosmetics etc.

Prevention of
Bacterial
Contamination

Keep all parts of the house clean and free of

dirt
Stagnant water in cans, pails and drums
should always be covered not become a
breeding place for mosquitoes
Moist foods and leftovers must be wrapped
in plastic before they are thrown into
garbage cans

Storerooms and closets must not be crowded and should be cleaned and fumigated from time to time

Use the right sanitizing chemicals to kill existing bacteria in all critical areas

Personal items used by sick people should be segregated and also be sanitized to protect other house occupants

Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Prevention of
Bacterial
Contamination
Housekeepers are advised to
wear protective gear to
protect themselves from
contamination
Patch up holes in every part
of the house especially in
corners and ceilings since
they become an entry point
in hiding place of insects
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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Ways to help
free from
polluted
substances
Climate Management
RA 9729 otherwise known as
Climate Change Act, integrate
concept of climate change in
various
phases
of
policy
formulation, development plans

Always wash hands

Use boiled water and disinfect soap
Use a clean nailbrush to clean under nail
Rub hands together thoroughly then rinse
under clean water
Dry hands thoroughly using a clean paper
towel or hot air dryer

Hands should be washed:

Immediately after using the toilet

Before coming on duty
After sneezing
After your duty break
After handling dirty equipment, paper and after
using chemical substances.

Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Garbage and
Refuse
Management

Garbage disposal methods

Landfill the cheapest satisfactory means of
disposals;
Incinerators refuse is burned on moving grates in
refractory-lined chambers; combustible gases and
the solids they carry are burned in secondary
chambers.
Composting includes solid waste operations
preparing refuse and degrading organic matter by
aerobic microorganisms; refuse is presorted, to
remove materials that might have salvage value or
cannot be composted
Garbage containers

Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Garbage and refuse must be kept in containers

Plastic bags and wet strength paper bags may be used to

line these containers

Cover all containers used in food preparation and utensil

washing areas

Garbage storage

Refuse disposal
Waste segregation

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Solid Waste
Management

Recycling
separating, collecting, processing, marketing
and ultimately using a material that would
have been thrown away.

Recycling and segregation

RA 9003 Philippine Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act of 2000, aim with the adoption of
systematic and ecological
solid waste
management program

Advantages

Minimizes the use of landfills and

incinerators in reducing waste.
Protects our health and environment
from harmful substances
Conserves our natural resources
Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1
VSU-DCHM

11

Goods made of
recycled
products

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VSU-DCHM

Paper

glass

aluminum

Batteries and
other metal

Plastics and
other
household
items

Yard
trimmings

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Other methods:
recycling

Curbside collection

Scheduled pick up of separated, recyclable

products from the curb like trash collection

Drop-off centers

Buy-back centers

Sites set up to leave materials for recycling; central pick up

locations fro processors or recyclers

pay consumers for recyclable materials; e.g. junkshop

Waste companies

Buy recyclables from offices, businesses, institutions,

schools and industries

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Pest in our
households

Pests and insects carry disease-causing organisms. Rodents for instance usually carry bacteria that cause food spoilage and food
poisoning. It is therefore important for any housekeeper to understand how pests breed and multiply so that appropriate and
control measures can be undertaken.

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Pest control:
kinds, their
biology &
characteristic

Rats, rodents or mice

Roaches

German, American, oriental

Flies typhoid, dysentery, diarrhea,

cholera

mosquitoes

American Cockroach

Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

The American
cockroach is one of
the hardiest species
of cockroaches. Unlike
most other cockroach
species, the American
cockroach can fly and
is also attracted to
light.

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Pest Control
Measures

PREVENTIVE
Poor sanitation, prevention of entrances and
elimination of harbourages

CORRECTIVE
Application of liquid pesticides like residual
knockdown and spray insecticides

THOROUGH AND FREQUENT TREATMENT

Recommended

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Methods of
application
of
insecticides/
pesticides

Spraying
Misting releasing pesticide
chemicals e of misting
machine
Fogging make use of a
gaseous form of pesticide
coming from a fogging
machine
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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

SAFETY IN
HOUSEKEEPING

PART 2
Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1
VSU-DCHM

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Personal
Protective
Equipment

- last line of defense for workers

Risk chance that a person will
be harmed if exposed to
hazard
Factors that influence degree of
risk includes :
How much a person is exposed
to hazard
How the person is exposed
How severe are the effects
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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Section 2 of RA
9514 otherwise
known as the
Revised fire
code of the
Philippines of
2008,

states the policy to

ensure public safety and
promote economic
development through
prevention and
suppression of fire.

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Ways to learn
and understand
safety

Accidental experience
Safety education
Avoid accidents

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

OHS
Legislation and
Policies

Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Republic Act No.8282

Social Security System Act

of 1997
Republic Act No.8291
Government
Services
Insurance System
Act of
1997
Republic Act No. 7875
National Health Insurance
Act of 1995

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Environmental
Impact
Assessment

Presidential Decree (PD) 1586 Philippine

Environmental Impact Statement System.
The law requires all agencies including
government and private sectors to prepare
an environmental impact for every proposed
project which might affect the quality of the
environment.

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Air Quality
Management

Republic Act 8749 Philippine Clean Air of 1999,

law provides comprehensive air pollution
control policy.

Water Quality Management

RA 9275 Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 law

provides comprehensive water pollution control
policy

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Hazardous
Substances and
Waste
Management

RA 6969 Philippine Toxic Substance and

Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Act, this law
mandates
the
regulation,
restriction,
prohibition , distribution of chemical
substances that present unreasonable risk
and injury to the environment

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Safety and Security

Safety: free from danger , injury as well as
security
Security: refers to the prevention of theft, fire,
and other emergencies.
Housekeeping & Maintenance departments have
the highest risk for accidents and injuries;
because
both employ more people than other dept.
working in these dept. require physical activity and

Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

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To reduce
risk

The exec. housekeeper must,

be aware of potential safety hazards
develop procedures to prevent accidents
develop ongoing safety training programs
be aware of the laws that regulate the work
environment

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Overall, the three

most common
types of
accident/injury
were:

Trips/slips or falls
Electrical incidents
Manual handling/lifting

Some of the most common injuries were:

Sprains and strains

Back injury

Head injury

Neck injury

Repetitive Strain Injury

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Unsafe Work
Environments
cause;

insurance and liability concerns

- expensive medical costs
- legal problems e.g. fines or lawsuits
- decreased productivity
employee moral and management concerns
- negative employee morale
- low performance

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Potentially
Hazardous
Conditions

Managers must train employees to recognize

potentially hazardous conditions and take
corrective actions before they cause injuries
like sprains, strains, falls;
- wet floors and slippery walkways
- messy floors
- equipment left out in the way
- improper lifting techniques

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Three Rules
for safe,
accident-free
work
environment

1. Take adequate time

2. Correct unsafe conditions immediately
3. Do it safely the first time

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Safety Tips

for potentially hazardous conditions in the HK

Lifting; incorrect lifting may cause, strained or pulled muscles and back
injury, and cuts and scratches.

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Moving and
Lifting Safely

1.

Wear the right shoes. Working

shoes should be slip resistant, with
a closed toe and fit to give the
best comfort.

2.

Watch where you are going to

prevent slips and falls.

3.

Use door stopper and not linens or

objects that could cause a slip or
fall.

4.

Turn on lights and look at all sides

before entering any room. There
maybe spills or broken glasses on
the floors that needs to be cleared.

5.
Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1
VSU-DCHM

If broken glass is found, sweep the

floor and place the glass in a

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Moving and
Lifting Safely

Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

6.

To push the room boys cart easily,

check if it loose threads attached
in the wheels, it will be harder to
push and could injure the user.

7.

Loose screw or sharp edges could

catch on ones clothing and can
cause cuts.

8.

When pushing the cart, lean

forward into the cart, rely on ones
legs and feet not unto ones back
or across the body.

9.

In case a cart falls down, do not try

to stop or stand it up by alone. It is
heavier than you think and can
cause accidents. Ask for help.

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Lifting Objects

Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

1.

Bending with the knee is easier than on

the back, nor with the waist, whether one
is tucking in sheets, picking up a laundry
or cleaning a tub.

2.

When reaching for something, especially

in the tub, never stand on the edge of
toilet bowl. You might loose your balance
and fall.

3.

Do not hang unto the soap dish or shower

head as it may break and cause injury.

4.

Do not stand on a terry bath mat or towel

since it has a slippery surface.

5.

The safest way to reach the walls around

the tub is to stand in the tub, close to the
walls so you can reach high surfaces
without over stretching.

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Cont,,,,

6.

Check the size of the object and get help

if it is too heavy.

7.

Do not rotate mattress or move heavy

furniture alone.

8.

To lift safety, bend at the knees and hips,

not at the back and keep the load close to
body. Keep back and head straight and
avoid twisting.

9.

Lift with your legs and not with your back,

so you do not have to stoop.

10. If it is hard to reach an object

comfortably, use an extension handle
tool.
11. When kneeling on floor, cushion your
knees with bath mat or towel.
Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1
VSU-DCHM

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12. Use your body weight in pushing

and pulling the vacuum, not just
your arms and shoulder. If you
vacuum correctly, a relax grip on
the handle is all you need.
13. To avoid slipping, hold the cord and
coils as you go.
14. Keep the cord of cleaning machine
out of walk-way in public areas.
15. Use your body weight in pushing
and pulling the vacuum. Not just
your arm or shoulder. To avoid
slipping, hold the cord and the coil
as you go.
Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1
VSU-DCHM

16. Do not overload laundry cart to

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Handling
Chemical Safety

Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

1.

Read the labels and the materials safety

datasheet.

2.

Wear personal protective equipment like

goggles and hand gloves for protection
from spills and splashes.

3.

To use the chemical correctly, follow the

direction of the label.

4.

Use only one chemical for its intended

purpose.

5.

Be sure the correct chemical goes in a

properly labeled container when refilling
spray bottles.

6.

Cap of bottles/containers should be tight

and the broken nozzles must be replaced
to prevent drips.

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 Ladders; when selecting a ladder, inspect its condition, height and

footing.
do not use broken or defective ladder
do not use aluminum or metal ladder when working near or on electrical
equipment
use rubber footing on tile floors and in kitchen
floor must be dry and clean
should be high enough
never stand on the top step
never place a ladder against a window or uneven surfaces
should be well-balanced

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

 when climbing, face the ladder and have clean and dry hands and feet
mark the area underneath the ladder with caution signs

Machines;
employees should be authorized and trained to use them before
operating
follow the instructions and train and supervise the staff
safety guards of the machines should not be removed, protective eye
goggles should be worn

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

 never leave them unattended, turn off and store

never use a machine that is not operating correctly, have it repaired

Electrical Equipment;
never operate electrical equipment with wet hands or cloths
do not operate near flammable liquids, chemicals or vapors
turn off them when sparks, smokes or flames are seen
check the wires and connections periodically
never unplug them by pulling the cord

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

 keep the cords out off traffic areas

when cleaning guestrooms, room attendants should check for frayed
wires, loose connections, loose plugs, broken switches

Chemicals; when used improperly, they can cause nausea, vomiting,

skin rashes, cancer, blindness and even death. Potentially
hazardous chemicals are used to kill insects and rodents or unstop
clogs in toilets.
continual training in chemical safety is necessary

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Job Safety
Analysis

is a detailed report that lists every job function

performed by all employees in a housekeeping
department with safety tips and potential
hazards being cited. The analysis should be
produced in booklet form and used in training.
Housekeeping managers should demonstrate
and explain each task when training.

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Safety Training
1. begins the first day of the job with an orientation about
safety rules and regulations.
2. should include the presentation of the hotels safety
philosophy during orientation.
3. does not end at orientation. Every employee should
participate in an ongoing safety education program at
least once a month.

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Security
is the task of protecting both people and assets by;

guestroom security
key control
perimeter control
emergency procedures
lighting
security records

whether the property requires a large security staff or one or several

on-premises supervisory personnel, the security role must be clearly
defined and implemented.

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Security Issues
Suspicious Activities;
The individuals allowed in guestroom areas are; guests, their visitors, and onduty employees
establish a policy on how to approach and handle unauthorized or
undesirable people. Suspicious people are those; checking doors, knocking
on doors, or looking nervous.
approach the person looking suspicious politely. If the person claims to be a
guest, ask for the room key. If the person says that he is not a guest, then

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

explain the hotel policy and direct the guest to the front desk.
employees who are not in their designated area should be asked if they need
help. Depending on the persons response and manner, report to security.
friends and relatives of employees should not be allowed in guestroom areas
or employee locker rooms

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

 Theft;
(a) Guest Theft can be reduced by;
using fewer items with logos reduces temptation to steal
keeping storage rooms closed and locked
fixing or bolting guestroom items and fixtures to appropriate surfaces
when cleaning, notifying the front desk or security for any missing items
securing all first floor windows and sliding glass doors

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

(b) Employee Theft can be reduced by;

acting as a good example as managers
writing down the consequences of stealing in the employee handbook
and implementing them for everyone without discriminating

screening applicants (background check) before making a job offer

having good inventory control procedures, taking physical inventory

every month
keeping records of stolen or missing items
keeping all storeroom doors locked and changing the locks periodically

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

designating employee entrances and exits with security staff

establishing claim-checking and parcel-pass systems
restricting employee parking
in large hotels, using identification badges to prevent strangers

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

 Bomb Treats
As housekeeping, helping in the search for any suspicious objects that
could be bombs. Searches often include stairways, closets, ashtrays,
trash containers, elevators, exit areas, window sills

if a suspicious looking object is found, it should not be touched or

moved, notify the person in charge of the search team

avoid using radios, walkie-talkies, or beepers

the safety and security manual should include evacuation plans
the local police should be notified of all bomb threats

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

 Lost and Found;

handled by housekeeping
should be stored in a secure area
items should be tagged (with numbers), logged (to record the date, time,
place, person) ex. 8, pg. 195, secured (keep at least 90 days, donate
unclaimed items)

Guestroom Cleaning; room attendants should;

not open guest luggage or packages
be careful when removing linens, dusting the top of closets and under
lamps, since guests sometimes hide valuable belongings

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

immediately notify the HK, Security or FO; if any of the following items
are noticed;

guns/weapons
drugs
cooking/unsafe electrical
appliances
foul odors
pets
ill guests
large amounts of cash or valuable
jewelry

Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

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politely ask the guest name and see the room key, if a guest wants to enter
the room while the attendant is cleaning

never leave a room unattended with the door open

after cleaning the room, check all windows and sliding doors whether they
are locked, check the guestroom as well to see that it is locked

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM

Thank you for listening and God bless with

your exams!!!

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Aireen Y. Clores, Asst. Prof.1

VSU-DCHM