Crop Production 7

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Commercial farm management

2
esearcher in large plantation
3
esearcher in chemical companies
4
esearcher in experimental stations
5 Commercial farming
6 arm technicians of DA, BPI, etc
7 oreign agricultural services/ extensionist
8 Commodity development
9 arden teachers




  








V iegetable can give the HIHEST NET

ETU
N per hectare per growing season

V iegetables can give the HIHEST NUT
IENT

YIELD
Ex  soybean (harvest in
days) have 3
4 protein compared to rice (harvest in

2days) which only have 68 protein

  




V iegetables contribute a large portion of the

nutrients needed by the body for proper
nourishment

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reen leafy and yellow vegetables

these supply a large amount of vitamin A
value in addition to other vitamins and
minerals
 ex  Petchay, horse radish, squash (fruits
and leaves)
2 iitamin C rich vegetables
 contain large amount of iitamin C
 Ex  Tomatoes, cabbage, and irish potato

3 Other vegetables
 this includes those that do not fall in either
of the first two groups
 high water content but low nutrients
  Ex  Eggplant, banana blossom, upo, patola

4 Proteinrich vegetables
 which includes beans and nuts
 Ex  vegetable soybeans, bush sitao,
cowpea, pole sitao, lima beans

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uality in vegetable products may mean
eating quality, nutritive, and sanitary quality

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V rowing ones own vegetables in the

backyard insures safe food where there is
proper sewage disposal
V reshly cooked vegetables are relatively safe
from microorganisms and their toxins
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V This depend on whether the vegetables are to

be eaten raw, processed or cooked
V The following are eating quality
characteristics

Appearance color, shape, form, etc
 this contribute to the attractiveness of a
food
 Ex  Eggplant is included to dishes
because it adds color
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+ ,

2 Texture these are structural features

that affect our preferences for certain
vegetables
 stages of maturity affects texture,
tenderness, juiciness to the great extent
 Ex  we prefer sweet potato in moist and
plastic rather than dry
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3 lavor and aroma

this is important to determine the
sweetness, sourness, and bitterness
of the food
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This refers to the food nutrients present in

the vegetables iegetables are particularly
rich in minerals and vitamins
 Examples

reen leafy vegetables high in vit A and C
2 Yellow orange and red vegetables source
of carotene, the precursor of vit A
3 Succulent vegetables low in nutrients but
high in water, consist the bulk of our diet
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4
oot and bulbs rich in carbohydrates and

also in vit C
5 iegetable seeds contain high amount of
protein


 
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V Characterized by low level production per
hectare and poor quality of products
V In spite of that, vegetable crops gave the
Philippines a gross income of more than P
7
million in
966 and P49 million in
974,
according to Bureau of Agricultural
Economics


 
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V It has been observed that yield has remained
constantly low for a number of years
V The major factors contributing to this low
yields includes the following

Inadequate supply of improve seeds
2 Poor cultural practices
3 Excessive insects and disease damage
4 Lack of fertilizer
5 Poor weed control
6 Limited knowledge in post harvest
handling of vegetables
7 Lack of well trained, capable, dedicated
and adequately supported extension staff
8 Poor marketing system
Crop Production 7

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V iegetable production enterprises are

classified according to the purpose for which
the vegetables are grown and the specialized
methods used in production, marketing and
utilization of the crops


  
 

V There are six (6) types of vegetable

production

Home gardening
2 market gardening
3 Track farming
4 rowing for processing
5 iegetable forcing
6 vegetable seed production


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V The production of vegetables for family use
and an intensive type of growing
V Its benefits are
Inexpensive way of providing a continuous supply
of fresh vegetables for the family
It can provide additional income
It can contribute family nutrition
Spare hours and idle lots can be utilized for
productive purposes
It can keep in the mind of the children the dignity
of a productive laborer


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V This type of production is very closely related

to the AITH technology
V AITH means ood Always in the Home
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V The type of vegetable production which is

located near the population centers
V This type is expensive in terms of land and
labor and therefore calls for intensive and
continuous cropping, wise use of fertilizer and
irrigation and efficient protection against
crop pest
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V This type should produce quality products

that will sell at high prizes to meet the high
production cost
V
apid growing vegetables are planted
continuously so that the turnover from the
land is fast

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V The expensive production of vegetables on

large area of lands from a distant market
V This is a highly developed industry in places
where there are good roads and excellent
transport facilities
V Track farming in the Philippines is still in the
development stage
V U S Can transport quality vegetables as far as

,5miles in less than 24hrs

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! -%

V That is because they have

Excellent railroads
Organized system in packaging

efrigerated railroads car and trucks for
transporting the products

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V The type wherein vegetables are canned,

pickled, frozen or dehydrated
V The advantages of processed vegetables is
that the vegetable produce may be held in
storage until needed by the consumers
V There is low cost of production in this type
because of proper mechanization

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V An important feature for processing is the
specific requirement for variety which is adapted
to processing and amenable to mechanical
harvesting
Ex  Tomato variety have the desired
characteristics for mechanical harvesting

uniformity of ripening
2 firm and easily removed fruits
3 thick skinned
4 limited vine growth and seasonal distribution
(can be planted anytime of the year)

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V iegetable processing are either grown by the
processing company itself or by farmers on
contract with the company
V The contract specifies the following
requirements
Price and marketing agreement
The requirements to be fulfilled by the growers
such as 
* iariety to be grown
* Sizes and schedule of delivery
Ex  Del Monte, Dole, Lapanday

(%
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V The following are the leading iegetable crops

for Processing
Cucumber
Tomatoes
Sweet corn
Beans
Pepper
Cauliflower
Onions

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V The growing of vegetables at a time other

than normal period of growing of vegetables
out of season
V It is the most intensive and very expensive
enterprise
V This requires a highly modified cultural
procedures and the use of special
environmental growing facilities such as
temperature and humidity

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V Example 
Controlled plastic and glass greenhouses in the
countries like Japan and U S

ice straw houses used for mushroom culture in
Taiwan and rice straw beds in the Philippines

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V The growing of vegetable to produce seeds
for planting
V This is the most specialized type of vegetable
production because it requires
Skilled seeds man with a good background in
plant breeding to insure genetic purity and good
quality of seed crop
The seeds man should have technical know how
on seed preservation and methods of seed
packaging to maintain good germination
Successful seed production of good quality
vegetables seeds call for specific climate and
location requirements

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Ex 
V Crucifers like cabbage, cauliflower and
broccoli have chilling requirements before
they can produce flowers and seeds
V The legume vegetables do not need low
temperature so that it readily produce seeds
in the Philippines

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V or good seed quality, dry weather must be

present during seed harvesting and
processing
V et weather will able some seeds like beans
to germinate and occurence of fungi is very
possible
End of Lecture

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