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EPC Network Principle

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References

3GPP TS23401
3GPP TS23402
P accesses

3GPP TS24301 NAS protocol for Evolved Packet System (EP

GPRS enhancements for E-UTRAN access


Architecture enhancements for non-3GP

S)

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Objectives

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

Describe the EPC network structure


Describe the EPC Network interface and protocol
Describe the EPC Network working procedures

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Contents
1. EPS Overview
2. Key Concepts
3. Signaling & Protocols

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents
1. EPS Overview
1.1 EPS Architecture
1.2 Services in EPS

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

3GPP System Evolution


3GPP

GS
M/
GP
RS

UMTS:
R99/R4/
R5/R6/R
7

1.PS core network only support


non-real time services.
2. Voice services are carried in the
CS domain.
3. Low efficiency of routes in
forwarding data due to the overlayered networks.
4. Incapability of supporting
multiple radio access systems

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All

LTE/SA
E:
R8/R9/
R10

1. The all-IP network contains


the PS. Voice services are
jointly provided by the PS and
the IP Multimedia Subsystem
(IMS).
2. Flattened network
architecture.
3. Support of the multiple
access technologies.
4. High data transmission rate:
downlink 100 Mbit/s and uplink
traffic 50 Mbit/s.
rights reserved.

EPS Network Structure

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EPS Network Functions

The EPS network perform the following logical functions :

Network Access Control Functions.


Packet Routing and Transfer Functions.
Mobility Management Functions.
Security Functions.
Radio Resource Management Functions.
Network Management Functions.

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GUL Network Structure

Co-Site of the S-GW and P-GW

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GUL Network Structure

Separate Installation of the S-GW and P-GW

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Functions of EPC Network Entity


MME: Mobility Management Entity
Non-access stratum (NAS) signaling

MME selection for handovers with MME


change

NAS signaling security

SGSN selection for handovers to 2G/3G


access networks

Selection of the P-GW and S-GW

Mobility Management

Reachability of UEs in IDLE mode

Authentication

Tracking area (TA) list management

Bearer management
Lawful interception of signaling traffic

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Functions of EPC Network Entity


S-GW: Serving Gateway
Functioning as the local mobility anchor point for inter-eNodeB handovers
Mobility anchoring for inter-3GPP mobility
Supporting inter-operator charging based on subscriber and QoS class identifier (QCI)
granularity
Accounting for inter-operator charging (for GTP-based S5/S8)
Supporting transport level packet

Performing lawful interception

marking for uplink and downlink data


(e.g. set DSCP)
Supporting packet routing and transfer

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Functions of EPC Network Entity


P-GW: Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway
Packet filtering based on single user

Uplink and downlink gateway control


based on traffic

Lawful interception

Uplink and downlink rate control based on


traffic

IP address allocation for UEs

Uplink and downlink rate enforcement


based on access point name-aggregate
maximum bit rate (APN-AMBR)

Supporting packet marking for uplink and

Downlink rate enforcement based on

downlink data based on transfer priority

guaranteed bit rate (GBR)

Uplink and downlink charging based on

DHCPv4 (server/relay) and DHCPv6

traffic

(server) functions

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Functions of EPC Network Entity


HSS: Home Subscriber Server
Supporting authentication and registration for subscribers and downloading
user profiles to the MME
Supporting authentication and registration for non-3GPP subscribers and
distributing user profiles to the AAA
Providing roaming restriction
Providing barring services
Providing restrictions over access network types
Supporting Diameter-based IP networking

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Functions of EPC Network Entity

PCRF: policy control and charging rule function


The PCRF is mainly used for prescribing rules for policy and
charging control.
The PCRF is responsible for terminating the Rx interface an
d the Gx interface.

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Contents
1. EPS Overview
1.1 EPS Architecture
1.2 Services in EPS

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Typical Packet Service

MME

ICP/ISP
internet

eNodeB

S-GW

P-GW
Signaling
Data

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Typical Voice Service


IMS domain
EPC Signaling
IMS Signaling
SS7 Signaling
Data (VOIP)

MGCF
3

CSCF

IMS-MGW
4

MME

SS7

2
MSC
eNodeB

S-GW

P-GW
EPC

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PLMN

Roaming: Home Routed


VPLMN
Gb

HPLMN

SGSN

HSS

PCRF

GERAN
Iu
S3

S4
S6a

Gx

Rx

S12
UTRAN
S11
S1-C

MME

S8

SGi

S1-U
E-UTRUAN

S-GW

PDN-GW

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Operators
IP Service

Roaming: Local Breakout


VPLMN
Gb
GERAN

SGSN

Iu
S3

UTRAN

HPLMN
HSS

S4
S6a

S12

Operators
IP Service

V-PCRF
Gx

MME

S5

SGi Operators

IP Service

S1-U
E-UTRUAN

Rx

S9

S11
S1-C

H-PCRF

S-GW

PDN-GW

Local Breakout with Home Operator's Application Functions only

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Roaming: Local Breakout


VPLMN
Gb
GERAN

SGSN

HSS

Iu

S4
S6a

S12

S9
V-PCRF
Rx

S11
S1-C

H-PCRF

Operators
IP Service
S3

UTRAN

HPLMN

Gx

MME

S5

SGi Operators

IP Service

S1-U
E-UTRUAN

S-GW

PDN-GW

Local Breakout with Visited Operator's Application Functions only

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents
1. EPS Overview
2. Key Concepts
3. Signaling & Protocols

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents
2. Key Concepts
2.1 Mobility Management & Session Management
2.2 Security
2.3 Quality of Service (QoS)
2.4 Policy & Charging Control
2.5 Selection Functions

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents
2. Key Concepts
2.1 Mobility Management & Session Management
The PDN connectivity service
IP Address & Allocation
EPS Bearer
Mobility Principles
Identifiers and corresponding legacy IDs

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

PDN Connections

PDN Connection is an IP connection in mobile networks.

A terminal may access a single PDN at a time or it may have


multiple PDN connections open simultaneously.
The PDN connection is a logical connection between a specific
IPv4 address and/or IPv6 prefix allocated to a UE and a partic
ular PDN

IP address for
UE

PDN

Number of
PDN
Connection

192.168.1.100

internet

192.168.1.101
192.168.1.102

Internet
IMS

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PDN Connections

UE with multiple PDN connections simultaneously


PDN # 1
internet

PDN GW

PDN # 2
IMS

PDN GW

Evolved Packet
Core

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PDN # 3
Corporate
Network

PDN GW

PDN Connections

Key Components in PDN connection

PDN
the destination network which UE accesses
IP address(es) IPv4/IPv6/dual stack addresses that
allocated to the UE
PDN GW
the anchor point which provide service for
UE to the selected PDN
APN
defined in the UE/PDN GW to identity the
destination PDN

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

IP Address & Allocation

IP address allocated by following ways

Allocated during attach procedure


Allocated by DHCP after attach procedure
Allocated by AAA server during authentication

IP address types allocated

IPv4
IPv6
IPv4/IPv6 dual stack

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EPS Bearers

Bearer is one of the tools that handles quality of service (Q


oS)

A PDN connection is provided by one or more EPS bearers.


EPS bearer provides a logical transport channel between the
UE and the PDN for transporting IP traffic.
Each EPS bearer is associated with a set of QoS parameters:

Bit rate
Delay
Bit error rate
etc

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EPS Bearers

Two types of bearers:

Default bearer

Created during the attach procedure

Remains active until user detaches

Dedicated bearer

Created on demand

Default EPS bearer


Dedicated EPS bearer 1
Dedicated EPS bearer 2
Serving GW
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PDN GW

EPS Bearer ID and TFT

EPS bearer ID identify different EPS bearer context of one subscr

iber.
Traffic Flow Template (TFT) is used in UE, serving GW and PDN G
W to identify bearers.
MME

SGW/PGW
EPS bearer ID:5
EPS bearer ID:6

The MS uses the


TFT to match
corresponding
EPS bearer
context
when sending
uplink packets.

EPS bearer ID is
created by MME and
Used by
MME/SGW/PGW/MS

The PGW uses the TFT


to match corresponding
EPS bearer Context
when receiving downlink
packets.

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TFT - Filters

Traffic Flow Template (TFT)

TFTs may contain packet filters f


or uplink traffic (UL TFT) and/or
downlink traffic (DL TFT)

Packet Filter Attribute


Remote address and
subnet mask
Protocol number (IPv4)
Or next header (IPv6)
Local port range
Remote port range
IPSec Security Parameter
Index (SPI)
Type of Service (TOS)
(IPv4)
Or Traffic class (IPv6)
Flow Label (IPv6)

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Usage of TFT

Two TFTs for illustration


Flow (www)

TFT in UE
and PDN GW

IP Packet

Flow(VoIP)

IP Packet

TFT1, allows:
Destination IP= any
Protocol ID=6
Dest.Port =80

TFT2, allows:
Dest.IP= 212.50.31.226
Protocol ID=17
Dest.Port =5070

EPS bearer ID=6

EPS bearer ID=7

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TFT Format

TFT includes TFT operation code and packet filter list

TFT Operation code


001

Create new TFT

010

Delete existing TFT

011

Add packet filters to existing TFT

100

Replace packet filters in existing TFT

101

Delete packet filters from existing TFT

110

No TFT operation

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EPS Bearers - TFT

The EPS bearer with GTP-based S5/S8

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PDN Connections/Bearers/TFTs All in O


ne
UE/PDN GW
Filter # 1
PDN
Connection # 1
IP address
APN
etc

PDN
Connection # m
IP address
APN
etc

Filter attribute
precedence

EPS Bearer # 1

TFT

Bearer ID
QoS parameter
etc

Filter # k
Filter attribute
precedence

EPS Bearer # n

TFT

Bearer ID
QoS parameter
etc

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Comparison of GUL SM Concept


4G

2G/3G

bear

PDP

EPS bearer id

NSAPI

EPS bear context

PDP context

Dedicated bearer
activation

Secondary PDP context


activation

Linked EPS Bearer


Identity

Linked NSAPI

TFT

same

Packet filter

same

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Mobility Principle

Registration area

When UE move from one registration area to another, a upda


te procedure will be initiated
In 2G/3G, registration area = routing area (RA, for PS)
location area (LA, for CS)
In EPS, registration area = tracking area (TA)

TA list

A list of different TAs


When UE move within the TA list, no TA update would be initia
ted

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Mobility Principle

Mobility within 3GPP family of accesses

Tracking Area Update (TAU)

Mobility between E-UTRAN and HRPD

X2-based handover procedure (X2 interface available)


S1-based handover procedure (X2 interface unavailable)

Pre-registration
Handover

Mobility between 3GPP and non-3GPP accesses

Mobile IP mechanism is used for mobility

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Identifiers and corresponding legacy


IDs

Permanent subscriber identifiers

IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity)

MCC (Mobile Country Code)


MNC (Mobile Network Code)
MSIN (Mobile Subscriber Identity)

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Identifiers and corresponding legacy


IDs

Temporary subscriber identifiers

GUTI (Globally Unique Temporary ID)

GUMMEI (Global Unique MME Identifier)


MMEI (MME Identifier)
MMEGI (MME Group Id)
MMEC (MME Code)
M-TMSI (MME Temporary Subscriber Identity)

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Identifiers and corresponding legacy


IDs

Temporary subscriber identifiers

S-TMSI

MMEC (MME Code)


M-TMSI (MME Temporary Subscriber Identity)

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Identifiers and corresponding legacy


IDs

Location related identifiers

TAI (Tracking Area ID)

TAI = MCC + MNC + TAC


MCC Mobile Country Code
MNCMobile Network Code
TAC Tracking Area Code

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Tracking Area in EPS


MME

MMEI= MME Group ID+MME Code

TAI=MCC+MNC+TAC
TA List 1
TA 1
CELL1

CELL2

TA List 2

TA 2
CELL3

CELL4

TA 3
CELL1

TA 5

CELL2

CELL3

TA 4
CELL3

CELL4

IMSI
MSISDN
GUTI=GUMMEI+M-TMSI
=MCC+MNC+MMEI+M-TMSI
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CELL4

Location Information Storage


HSS

MME1

MME IP address

MME2

Tracking Area list


Tracking Area ID
E-UTRAN Cell Global Identity

Tracking Area list


Tracking Area ID

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Identifiers and corresponding legacy


IDs

Service related

APN (Access Point Name)

APN = APN-NI + APN-OI


APN-NI:determined by operators
APN-OI:mnc<MNC>.mcc<MCC>.gprs

An APN example:
4GNET.MNC012.MCC462.GPRS

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Contents
2. Key Concepts
2.1 Mobility Management & Session Management
2.2 Security
2.3 Quality of Service (QoS)
2.4 Policy & Charging Control
2.5 Selection Functions

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Security Function
2G

3G

EPC

Authentication

Singledirectional
authentication

bi-directional
authenticatio
n

bi-directional
authentication

Security vectors

Triplet (RAND,
SRES, and Kc)

Quintet
(RAND, XRES,
CK, IK, and
AUTN)

New EPS security vectors


(RAND, AUTN, XRES, and
KASME). The UMTS and EPS
authentication vectors are
separated.

Integrity
protection

No

Yes

Yes

SIM
compatibility

N/A

Yes

Compatible to USIM

Layered
security
architecture

No

No

Provides protection for the


NAS layer and the AS layer
separately.

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EPS Security Architecture

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Authentication Vector

EPS authentication quaternary

RAND: Random Challenge


AUTN: Authentication Token
XRES:
KASME:

Expected Response
Key for calculate other keys

KASME: Key for Access Security Management Entity

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Keys in EPS

Key hierarchy in E-UTRAN


K: root key
located in USIM card
and configured in HSS

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Authentication Procedure
MME

HSS

1. Authentication data request


(IMSI, SNI, type)
2. Authentication data
response
(RAND, AUTN, XRES, KASME)
3. User authentication request (RAND, AUTN)
4. User authentication response (RES)

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NAS/AS Security Mode Procedure


eNodeB

1. NAS security mode command


2. NAS security mode complete

1. AS security mode command


2. AS security mode complete

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MME

Contents
2. Key Concepts
2.1 Mobility Management & Session Management
2.2 Security
2.3 Quality of Service (QoS)
2.4 Policy & Charging Control
2.5 Selection Functions

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

EPS QoS coverage

The EPS only covers QoS requirements for the traffic within
the EPS, that is, between UE and PDN GW

Non-EPS
QoS

EPS QoS
UE

eNB

Servin
g GW

PDN
GW

SLA
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interne
t

QoS for EPS Bearers

EPS Bearer established between UE and P-GW.

EPS Bearer = Radio Bearer + S1 Bearer + S5/S8 Bearer

Traffic flow and bearer is associated and mapped with TFT and TFT associate with RBId in Radio side and with TEID in CN side.

It is UE to associate UL Traffic and TFT and is PGW to associate DL Traffic and TFT.

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Simplified QoS parameters of Bearer


4 TC+13 QoS
Parameter
Traffic class
Maximum bit rate
Delivery order
Maximum SDU size
SDU format
information
SDU error ratio
Residual bit error ratio
Delivery of erroneous
SDUs
Transfer delay
Guaranteed bit rate
Traffic handling
priority
Allocation/Retention
priority (ARP)
Copyright Source
2015 Huawei
Technologies Co.,
statistics

QCI + ARP

QCI ARP
MBR
APNAMBR
UEAMBR

GBR

For Non-GBR bearer

Ltd. All rights reserved.

For GBR Bearer

Structured QoS in EPS


EPS Bearer
QoS
QCI

Priority

Delay

ARP

Bearer

GBR

Non-GBR

MBR

AMBR

Loss

GBR

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Subscribed QoS

Pre-EPS

QoS is subscribed in HLR

EPS

QoS is subscribed in HSS and PCRF

HSS for default bearers


PCRF for dedicated bearers

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QoS Parameters QCI

QoS Class Identifier (QCI)

Value range 1~9


Each EPS bearer is assigned with a QCI
QCI determines what user plane treatment the IP packets tra
nsported on a given bearer should receive

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Standardized QCI
Packe
Resourc
t
Priorit
QCI
e
Delay
y
Type
Budge
t

Packet
Error
Loss
Rate

100ms

10-2

150ms

10-3

50ms

10-3

300ms

10-6

100ms

10-6

300ms

10-6

100ms

10-3

300ms

10-6

GBR

Non-GBR

Example Services
Conversational Voice
Conversational Video (Live
Streaming)
Real Time Gaming
Non-Conversational Video (Buffered
Streaming)
IMS Signalling
Video (Buffered Streaming)
TCP-based (e.g., www, e-mail, chat,
ftp, p2p file sharing, progressive
video, etc.)
Voice,
Video (Live Streaming)
Interactive Gaming
Video (Buffered Streaming)
TCP-based (e.g., www, e-mail, chat,
ftp, p2p file sharing, progressive
video, etc.)

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Standardized QCI
GBR Bearer

Non-GBR Bearer

QoS

QoS

AMBR

QCI [1,4]

QCI [5,9]

ARP = Priority Level + Pre-emption Capability + Pre-emption Vulnerability


Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

QoS Parameters ARP

Allocation/Retention Priority (ARP)

The ARP should be understood as "Priority of Allocation and R


etention"; not as "Allocation, Retention, and Priority".
The ARP specifies the control plane treatment a bearer shoul
d receive

priority level (scalar)


pre-emption capability (flag)
pre-emption vulnerability (flag)

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

QoS Parameters GBR & non-GBR

GBR and non-GBR bearers

GBR bearers

A bearer with an associated GBR means that a certain amount of


bandwidth is reserved for this bearer, independently of whether i
t is utilized or not.
QCI, ARP, GBR (Guaranteed bit rate), MBR (Maximum bit rate)

Non-GBR bearers

A non-GBR bearer does not have a fixed bandwidth allocated and


there is thus no guarantee for how much traffic it can carry
QCI, ARP, AMBR (Aggregated maximum bit rate)

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QoS Parameters AMBR

AMBR aggregated maximum bit rate, only used for non-G


BR bearers

APN-AMBR (uplink & downlink)

defines the total bit rate that is allowed to be used for all non-GB
R bearers associated with a specific APN.
Enforced by PDN GW

UE-AMBR (uplink & downlink)

per subscriber and defines the total bit rate allowed to be consu
med for all non-GBR bearers of a UE.
Enforced by eNodeB

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Internetworking With Other Accesses

Internetworking with GERAN/UTRAN (3GPP 23.401)

EPS ARP G/U ARP (multi one mapping)


EPS GBR & MBR mapped one-to-one (GBR bears only)
ESP APN-AMBR G/U MBR (without GBR)
EPS QCI G/U Traffic class/QoS parameters (3GPP 23.401)

QoS aspects when interworking with other accesses

APN-AMBR is enforced by PDN GW for all accesses


QCI/ARP access-specific QoS parameters

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents
2. Key Concepts
2.1 Mobility Management & Session Management
2.2 Security
2.3 Quality of Service (QoS)
2.4 Policy & Charging Control
2.5 Selection Functions

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Introduction to PCC

Description of PCC

PCC provides operators with advanced tools for service-aware


QoS and charging control
PCC enables a centralized control to ensure that the service s
essions
PCC also provides the means to control charging on a per-ser
vice basis

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Architecture of PCC

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Function of PCRF

Gating

Gating control is the capability to block or to allow IP packets b


elonging to IP flow(s) for a certain service.
The PCRF makes the gating decisions which are then enforced
by the PCEF.

QoS Control

QoS control allows the PCRF to provide the PCEF with the auth
orized QoS for the IP flow(s), like bit rate and QoS class.
The PCEF performs bit rate enforcement to ensure that a certai
n service session does not exceed its authorized QoS.

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Function of PCRF

Flow Based Charging

Charging method

Charging characteristic

Online/Offline
Flat rate/hot-billing/normal

For content base charging

Flow ID (cbbid)

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents
2. Key Concepts
2.1 Mobility Management & Session Management
2.2 Security
2.3 Quality of Service (QoS)
2.4 Policy & Charging Control
2.5 Selection Functions

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

MME Selection

eNodeB Select MME

When an eNodeB selects an MME, the selection shall achieve l


oad balancing

MME Selection another MME

The DNS data is used to select an MME based on the TAI d


uring the intra-LTE Handover process
The DNS data is used to select an MME based on the GUTI
during the intra-LTE Attach/TAU process .

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

S-GW Selection

S-GW Selection Criterion

The selection bases on network topology, i.e. the selected Ser


ving GW serves the UE's location

DNS select an S-GW based on the TAI during the Attach/TAU/Hand


over procedure.

the MME should use Weight Factors returned by DNS if load b


alancing is required

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

P-GW Selection

P-GW Selection Criterion

a static PDN GW is selected by either having the APN configur


ed to map to a given PDN GW
The DNS data is used to select a P-GW based on the APN duri
ng the Attach/PDN connection setup procedure.

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents
1. EPS Overview
2. Key Concepts
3. Signaling & Protocols

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents
3. Signaling & Protocols
3.1 Protocols & Interfaces
3.1.1
3.1.2
3.1.3

GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP)


Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6)
Diameter, and related Diameter Applications

3.1.4
3.1.5

S1-AP and Non-access stratum (NAS)


Others

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Interfaces in EPS (3GPP Access)

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

GTP (GPRS Tunneling Protocol)

GTP is divided into two parts: GTP-C and GTP-U

GTP-C: GTPv0, GTPv1, GTPv2 (EPS only)


GTP-U: GTPv0, GTPv1

Function of GTP

Mobility management:
RAU/TAU/etc.
Tunnel management
create/modify/delete
Service specific functions MBMS/CS fallback
System maintenance
path management/error
handling/etc.

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

GTP (GPRS Tunneling Protocol)

An overview of GTP tunnel


GTP-U Tunnel for subscriber 1 (2 Mbps)
GTP-U Tunnel for subscriber 2 (7.2 Mbps)
GTP-U Tunnel for subscriber 3 (3 Mbps)

eNodeB

S-GW

GTP-U Tunnel for subscriber M (x Mbps)


GTP-C Tunnel for subscriber 1
GTP-C Tunnel for subscriber 2
GTP-C Tunnel for subscriber 3
MME

GTP-C Tunnel for subscriber N

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

S-GW

GTP-based Interfaces Control Plane

In EPS only

MME MME (S10)


MME Serving GW (S11)
Serving GW PDN GW (S5/S8)

Interwork with 2G/3G

SGSN MME (S3)


SGSN Serving GW (S4)

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

GTP-based Interfaces Control Plane


MME

eNodeB

PLMN 1
S11
S5

S10
S11

eNodeB

S-GW

MME

P-GW

S8

eNodeB

PLMN 2
Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

P-GW

GTP-based Interfaces User Plane

In EPS only

eNodeB Serving GW (S1-U)


Serving GW PDN GW (S5/S8)

Interworking with 2G/3G

SGSN Serving GW (S4)


UTRAN Serving GW (S12)

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

GTP-based Interfaces User Plane

In EPS only

UE eNodeB Serving GW PDN GW

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

GTP-based Interfaces User Plane


MME

S1-U

PLMN 1

eNodeB

S5

S1-U
eNodeB

S-GW

P-GW

S1-U
MME

S8

eNodeB

PLMN 2
Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

P-GW

Contents
3. Signaling & Protocols
3.1 Protocols & Interfaces
3.1.1
3.1.2
3.1.3

GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP)


Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6)
Diameter, and related Diameter Applications

3.1.4
3.1.5

S1-AP and Non-access stratum (NAS)


Others

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

PMIPv6 (Proxy Mobile IPv6)

Serving GW PDN GW (S5/S8)

Trusted non-3GPP IP access PDN GW (S2a)

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents
3. Signaling & Protocols
3.1 Protocols & Interfaces
3.1.1
3.1.2
3.1.3

GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP)


Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6)
Diameter, and related Diameter Applications

3.1.4
3.1.5

S1-AP and Non-access stratum (NAS)


Others

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Diameter Protocol

Originated from Radius (which used for AAA)

Use AVP (Attribute Value Pairs) to carry information


Two levels:

Diameter base protocol (RFC 3588)


Diameter applications

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Diameter Protocol

Diameter defined 3 roles for a node

Client request a service from server


Server response the request from clients
Agent

examine the requests and determine the target

Diameter AVPs

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Diameter-based Interfaces
MME

S6a
HSS

SGSN

S6d

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Diameter-based Interfaces

PCRF
Gxc

S-GW

Gx

P-GW

Diameter
protocol
applicatio
n

Diameter
protocol
applicatio
n

Diameter
base
protocol

Diameter
base
protocol

TCP

TCP

IP

IP

L2/L1

L2/L1

PGW/SGW

Gx/Gxc

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

PCRF

Contents
3. Signaling & Protocols
3.1 Protocols & Interfaces
3.1.1
3.1.2
3.1.3

GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP)


Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6)
Diameter, and related Diameter Applications

3.1.4
3.1.5

S1-AP and Non-access stratum (NAS)


Others

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

S1-AP based Interface

S1-AP is only used in S1-MME i


nterface

Support procedures between e


NodeB and MME
S1-AP relies on a reliable trans
port mechanism and is designe eNodeB
d to run on top of SCTP

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

S1-MME

MME

NAS (Non-access Stratum)

Function of NAS (Between UE and MME)

EPS Mobility Management


EPS Session Management

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents
3. Signaling & Protocols
3.1 Protocols & Interfaces
3.1.1
3.1.2
3.1.3

GPRS Tunneling Protocol (GTP)


Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6)
Diameter, and related Diameter Applications

3.1.4
3.1.5

S1-AP and Non-access stratum (NAS)


Others

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

SGi Interface
AAA Server

SGi

P-GW

Internet
Intranet

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents
3. Signaling & Protocols
3.2 Procedures
3.2.1 Overview
3.2.2
3.2.3
3.2.4

Attach and Detach for E-UTRAN


Tracking Area Update (TAU)
Handover procedure

3.2.5
3.2.6
3.2.7

Bearer related procedures


Single radio voice call continuity (SRVCC)
CS fallback

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Subscriber State Management

Subscriber state

EMM: EPS Mobility Management

EMM-DEREGISTERED

EMM-REGISTERED

ECM: EPS Connection Management

ECM-IDLE
ECM-CONNECTED

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

EMM State

EMM state in UE

EMM state in MME

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

ECM State

ECM state in UE

ECM state in MME

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Summary for MM/SM States


EPS
EMM

EPS
ESM

UE state 2G

3G

Power off

IDLE

PMMEMMdetached Deregistered

Standby

Standb
y

PMM-idle

EMMRegistered

ECM-IDLE

Ready

PMMconnecte
d

EMMRegistered

ECM-Connected

PS
service

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

ECM-IDLE

MM and EPS Bearer Context


MM context

MME

HSS

EPS bearer
context

Subscription
information
EPS bearer
Subscription
context

ICP/ISP
internet
MM context
EPS bearer
context

S-GW
EPS bearer
context

P-GW
EPS bearer
context

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Signaling
Data

A Summary of Procedures in EPC

Key procedures in EPC


Authentication, security
and location
management

Session Management, QoS


and interaction with PCC
functionality

Attach

Dedicated bearer activation

Detach

Dedicated bearer modification

TAU (Tracking Area Update)

Dedicated bearer deactivation

Service Request

UE requested bearer resource


modification

S1 Release

UE requested PDN connectivity

Handover(based on X2
interface)

UE requested PDN
disconnection

Handover(based on S1
interface)

MME requested PDN


disconnection

Copyright Security
2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents
3. Signaling & Protocols
3.2 Procedures
3.2.1 Overview
3.2.2

Attach and Detach for E-UTRAN

3.2.3
3.2.4
3.2.5

Tracking Area Update (TAU)


Handover procedure
Bearer related procedures

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Attach Procedure

Function of attach procedure:

The UE register to the EPS network.


The always-on IP connectivity for UE/users of the EPS is enab
led by establishing a default EPS bearer during Network Attac
hment.
The MM context and EPS bearer context will be created in the
MME and UE. The EPS bearer context will be created in S-GW
and P-GW.

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Attach Procedure
eNodeB

New MME

Old MME

HSS

S-GW

P-GW

1. Attach request
2. Identification req/rsp
3. Identity req/rsp
4. Security function
5. Update location request
6. Cancel location /Ack
7. Update location Ack
8. Create session request
9. Create session request
11. Create session response

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

10. Create session response

Attach Procedure
eNodeB

New MME

Old MME

HSS

12. Initial Context Setup Request / Attach Accept


13. RRC Connection Reconfiguration / Complete
14. Initial Context Setup Response
15. Direct Transfer
16. Attach complete
17. Modify Bearer Request / Response
Uplink and downlink data

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

S-GW

P-GW

Detach Procedure

The detach procedure is used in the following scenarios:

A UE is detached from the EPS service.


A UE is disconnected from the last PDN connection.
The network informs a UE that the UE cannot access to the EP
S.

A UE can be detached explicitly or implicitly.

Explicit detach
Implicit detach

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

UE Initiated Detach Procedure


eNodeB

MME

S-GW

P-GW

1. Detach request
2. Delete session request
3. Delete session response
4. Delete session request
5. Delete session response
6. Detach accept
7. Signaling connection release

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

S1-Release Procedure

Release the S1-AP & S1-U connections

Before S1-release
MME

eNodeB

After S1-release

S-GW

P-GW

S-GW

P-GW

MME

eNodeB

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

S1-Release Procedure
eNodeB

MME

S-GW

1. S1-AP: S1 UE Context Release Request


2. Release Access Bearers
Request/Response
3. S1-AP: S1 UE Context Release Response
4. RRC connection release
1. S1-AP: S1 UE Context Release Complete

S1-release
1. By eNodeB when UE_Inactive_Timer expires (60s by default)
2. By eNodeB OAM command
3. By MME OAM command
Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Service Request Procedure

Service request procedure

Establish S1-AP connection and S1-U bearers


Initiated by:

UE triggered (stand along service request)


Network triggered (paging + service request)

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Service Request Procedure

UE triggered service request procedure

eNodeB

MME

S-GW

1. NAS: Service Request


2. Authentication / Security
3. S1-AP: Initial Context Setup Request
4. Radio bearer establishment
5. Uplink data
6. S1-AP: Initial Context Setup Complete
7. Modify Bearer Request
9. Downlink data

8. Modify Bearer Response

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

P-GW

HSS

Service Request Procedure

Network triggered service request procedure

eNodeB

MME

S-GW

1. Downlink data

2. Downlink data notification


Downlink data notification ack
3. paging

4. Service Request Procedure


Downlink data

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

P-GW

Contents
3. Signaling & Protocols
3.2 Procedures
3.2.1 Overview
3.2.2 Attach and Detach for E-UTRAN
3.2.3

Tracking Area Update (TAU)

3.2.4
3.2.5

Handover procedure
Bearer related procedures

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

TAU Procedure
S-GW2

S-GW1

MME2

MME1

TA list 1

TA list 2

Periodic TAU

Intra MME TAU

MME3

TA list 3

TA list 4

Inter MME TAU with


SGW change
Inter MME TAU without
SGW change

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Inter TAU without SGW change


eNodeB

New MME

Old MME

HSS

S-GW

P-GW

1. TAU request
2. Context request
3. Context response
4. Security function
5. Context Ack
6. Modify bearer request
7. Modify bearer request
8. Modify bearer response
9. Modify bearer response

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Inter TAU without SGW change


eNodeB

New MME

Old MME

HSS

10. Update location request


11. Cancel location
12. Cancel location Ack

13. Update location Ack


14. TAU accept
15. TAU complete

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

S-GW

P-GW

Inter TAU with SGW change


eNodeB

New MME

Old MME

HSS New S-GW


Old S-GW

P-GW

1. TAU request
2. Context request
3. Context response
4. Security function
5. Context Ack
6. Create Session request
7. Modify bearer request
8. Modify bearer response
9. Create Session response

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Inter TAU with SGW change


eNodeB

New MME

Old MME

HSS New S-GW


Old S-GW

10. Update location request


11. Cancel location
12. Cancel location Ack
13. Update location Ack
14. Delete bearer request
16. TAU accept

15. Delete bearer response

17. TAU complete

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

P-GW

Contents
3. Signaling & Protocols
3.2 Procedures
3.2.1 Overview
3.2.2 Attach and Detach for E-UTRAN
3.2.3 Tracking Area Update (TAU)
3.2.4

Handover procedure

3.2.5

Bearer related procedures

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Handover procedure

Handover procedure types

Intra-E-UTRAN handover (handover in EPS)

X2-based handover (MME unchanged)

S1-based handover (MME/Serving GW can be relocated)


Only performed when X2 interfaces are unavailable

Inter RAT handover (LTE2G/3G/CDMA/WiMax/WLAN)

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

X2-based Handover
S-eNodeB

T-eNodeB

MME

Downlink and uplink data

S-GW

P-GW

Handover Preparation
Forwarding data

Handover
Execution
Downlink data

Uplink data

Handover Completion

1. Path Switch Request


2. Modify Bearer Request/Response
Downlink data
3. End Marker
5. Release Resource

4. Path Switch Request Ack

6. Tracking Area Update Procedure

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

S1-based Handover

S1-based handover

Used when no connectivity between two eNodeBs


General steps for S1-based handover:

Create forwarding tunnel between source eNodeB and target eNo


deB
Data forwarding
Create data tunnel for user traffic
TAU in new tracking area (if necessary)
Release the forwarding tunnels

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

S1-based Handover

PGW

Before handover

S-SGW

T-SGW

T-MME

S-MME

signaling
Data packet

T-ENB

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

S-ENB

PGW

S1-based Handover

Create uplink tu
nnel
T-SGW

S-SGW

4. Create Session
Request / response

T-MME

S-MME

3. Forward
Relocation
Request

2. Handover
Required

5. Handover
Request/ACK

signaling

T-ENB

S-ENB
1. Decision to trigger a
relocation via S1

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

S1-based Handover

Create forwar
ding tunnel

PGW

S-SGW

T-SGW

8. Create Indirect
Data Forwarding Tunnel
Request/response
6. Create Indirect
Data Forwarding Tunnel
Request/response

T-MME

S-MME

7. Forward
Relocation
Response

signaling

T-ENB

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

9. Handover
Command

S-ENB

S1-based Handover

PGW

Data transfer

10. Data forwarding

T-SGW

T-MME

S-SGW

S-MME

signaling
User data path
data path for
forwarding

S-ENB

T-ENB
11. Handover
Confirm

Detach
from old
cell

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

PGW

S1-based Handover

Create downli
nk tunnel

15. Modify Bearer


Request/Response

T-SGW

14/16. Modify
Bearer
Request/
Response

T-MME

12. Handover
notify

S-SGW

S-MME

13. Forward
Relocation
Complete
Notification /
Acknowledge

signaling
User data path

S-ENB

T-ENB
Perform TAU
Procedure

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents
3. Signaling & Protocols
3.2 Procedures
3.2.1 Overview
3.2.2 Attach and Detach for E-UTRAN
3.2.3 Tracking Area Update (TAU)
3.2.4 Handover procedure
3.2.5

Bearer related procedures

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Session Management Procedure

EPS bearer management procedure

Bearer activation procedure


Bearer modification procedure
Bearer deactivation procedure

PDN connection management procedure (UE support for m


ultiple PDN connections):

UE requested PDN connectivity procedure


UE or MME requested PDN disconnection procedure

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Dedicated Bearer Activation


MME

eNodeB

P-GW

S-GW
Dedicated
bearer
Default
bearer

Dedicated
bearer
Default
bearer

1 Default bearer is for web browsing


2 MS make VoIP call, So P-GW Initiated Dedicated
Bearer Activation

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Dedicated Bearer Activation

To create one dedicated bearer which has different QoS an


d TFT with the existing bearer to meet the requirement of n
ew service.
Bearer activation procedure includes:
P-GW initiated dedicated bearer activation procedure
UE requested bearer resource modification

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

P-GW Initiated Dedicated Bearer Activ


ation
UE

eNodeB

MME

S-GW

P-GW
PCRF or PCEF initiate IPCAN session modification

1. Create bearer request


2. Create bearer request
2 MME allocate EPS bearer ID; QoS parameter mapping for 2G/3G MS;
Construct SM message PTI, TFT, QoS PCO .

3. Bearer Setup Request / Session management request


3 maps the EPS Bearer QoS to the Radio Bearer QoS
signals a RRC Connection Reconfiguration

4. RRC Connection Reconfiguration


Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

P-GW Initiated Dedicated Bearer Activ


ation
UE

eNodeB

MME

S-GW

P-GW

5. RRC Connection Reconfiguration Complete


links the dedicated bearer to the default
Uses UL TFT to map the radio bearer

6. Bearer Setup Response


7. Direct Transfer
8. Session management response
9. Create bearer response
10. Create bearer response

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

UE Requested Bearer Resource Modif


ication

Function

allows the UE to request for a modification of bearer resource


s (e.g. allocation or release of resources) for one traffic flow .
If accepted by the network, the request invokes either the De
dicated Bearer Activation /Modification/ Deactivation Procedu
re.

To request a change of the GBR without changing the packet filter


(s),
To modification packet filters used for an active traffic flow aggre
gate according to TAD.

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

UE Requested Bearer Resource Modif


ication
eNodeB

MME

S-GW

P-GW

1. Request Bearer Resource Modification


2. Bearer Resource Command
3. Bearer Resource Command
4. Dedicated bearer activation; or
Bearer modification procedure; or
Bearer deactivation procedure.

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.


Page143

Dedicated Bearer Modification

Function: To modify QOS,AMBR,TFT of dedicated bearer etc


.
Three situation of dedicated bearer modification

PDN GW initiated bearer modification with bearer QoS updat


e

when one or several of the EPS Bearer QoS parameters QCI, GBR,
MBR or ARP are modified

PDN GW initiated bearer modification without bearer QoS up


date

update the TFT for an active bearer, or to modify the APN-AMBR.

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Dedicated Bearer Update with or with


out QoS

The difference of two procedure.

QCI or GBR or MBR or ARP change initiate Dedicated Bearer U


pdate with QoS

E-RAB modify

TFT or APN-AMBR change initiate Dedicated Bearer Update wi


thout QoS

E-RAB doesnt modify

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

P-GW Initiated Bearer Modification W


ith QoS Update
E-RAB
modify

S1 bearer
modify

Dedicated
bearer

eNodeB

S5/S8 bearer
modify

Dedicated
bearer

S-GW

P-GW

Case A:
1 MS download FTP files
2 After finishing FTP service, MS initiates streaming
service with the same QCI&ARP before the dedicated
bearer age , So P-GW Initiated Bearer Modification With
QoS Update
Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Case B:
PCRF operation

P-GW Initiated Bearer Modification Witho


ut QoS Update
MME
S1 bearer
modify
Dedicated
bearer

Dedicated
bearer

eNodeB

S5/S8 bearer
modify

S-GW

P-GW

1 MS initiates streaming service


2 Streaming server update port number of user
plane dynamically to keep streaming rate consistency
,So P-GW Initiated Bearer Modification Without QoS
Update
Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

P-GW Initiated Bearer Modification W


ith QoS Update
eNodeB

MME

S-GW

P-GW
PCRF or PCEF initiate IPCAN session modification

1. Update bearer request


generates the TFT
Update QoS

2. Update bearer request


QoS mapping for 2G/3G MS
service request may be initiated

3. Bearer Modify Request / Session management request


4. RRC Connection Reconfiguration
5. RRC Connection Reconfiguration Complete
6. Bearer Modify Response
Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

P-GW Initiated Bearer Modification With


QoS Update (Cont.)
eNodeB

MME

S-GW

P-GW

7. Direct Transfer
8. Session management response
9. Update bearer response
10. Update bearer response

If only the QoS parameter ARP is


modified , Steps5, 6, 8 and 9 is skipped

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

P-GW Initiated Bearer Modification With


out QoS Update
eNodeB

MME

S-GW

P-GW

1. Update bearer request


2. Update bearer request
3. Downlink NAS Transport
4. Direct Transfer
5. Direct Transfer
6. Uplink NAS Transport
7. Update bearer response
8. Update bearer response

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Dedicated Bearer Deactivation

E-RAB
release

After bearer ages ,


S1/S5/S8 Bear is deactivation

P-GW

S-GW
Dedicated
bearer

eNodeB

Dedicated
bearer

Dedicated
bearer
Dedicated
bearer

1 MS finish downloading FTP files . After bearer


ages , dedicated bearer is deactivation. So P-GW
Initiated Dedicated Bearer Deactivation.

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Default
bearer

FTP
server

E-RAB
release

S1/S5/S8 Bear is
deactivation
Dedicated
bearer

Dedicated
bearer

eNodeB

Dedicated
bearer

De
be lete
ar
er all

P-GW Initiated All Bearer Deactivation

S-GW

Dedicated
bearer

Command of all bearer deactivation is sent by


OAM. So P-GW Initiated Dedicated Bearer
Deactivation(all bearer)

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

P-GW
Default
bearer

OAM

P-GW Initiated Bearer Deactivation

Function: deactivate a dedicated bearer or


deactivate all bearers belonging to a PDN address

Trigger condition

when handovers from 3GPP to non-3GPP, in which


case, the default bearer and all the dedicated bearers
associated with the PDN address are released, but the
PDN address is kept in the PDN GW.

Bearer is released if there is no any data transmission


until that bearer age.

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

P-GW Initiated Bearer Deactivation

eNodeB

MME

S-GW

P-GW

1. Delete bearer request


2. Delete bearer request
3. Deactivate Bearer Request
4. RRC Connection Reconfiguration
5. RRC Connection Reconfiguration Complete
6. Deactivate Bearer Response
7. Direct Transfer
8. Deactivate EPS Bearer Context Accept
9. Delete bearer response
10. Delete bearer response

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

MME Initiated Bearer Deactivation

Function: deactivates dedicated bearers. Default bea

rers are not affected.

Trigger condition

When the eNodeB sends the Bearer Release Request (EPS Bea
rer Identity) to the MME.
MME Initiated Bearer Deactivation via OAM

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

MME Initiated Bearer Deactivation

eNodeB

MME

S-GW

1. Delete bearer command


2. Delete bearer request
3. Delete Bearer Request
4. RRC Connection Reconfiguration
5. RRC Connection Reconfiguration Complete
6. Deactivate Bearer Response
7. Direct Transfer
8. Deactivate EPS bearer context accept
9. Delete bearer response

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Dedicated Bearer Act/Mod/Deact


Summary
Case1-Stream1 requested QoS:
QCI=2,ARP=1,MBR=*k,GBR=*k

Dedicated Bearer
Activation

Case2-Stream2 requested QoS:


Dedicated Bearer
QCI=1,ARP=1,MBR=200k,GBR=200k
Modification
Case3-there is no any
stream transmission until
to bearer aging

Dedicated Bearer
Deactivation

PGW Bearer:
QCI=1,ARP=1,MBR=100k,GBR=100k

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

UE Requested PDN Connectivity Proc


edure
eNodeB

MME

S-GW

P-GW

1. PDN Connectivity Request

2. Create session request


3. Create session request
4. Create session response
5. Create session response
6. Bearer Setup Request / PDN Connectivity Accept
7. RRC Connection Reconfiguration
8. RRC Connection Reconfiguration Complete
9. Bearer Setup Response
10. Direct Transfer
First Uplink Data
11. PDN Connectivity Complete
12. Modify Bearer request
13. Modify Bearer request
14. Modify Bearer response
First Downlink Data

15. Modify Bearer response

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

UE Requested PDN Connectivity Proc


edure
eNodeB

MME

S-GW

P-GW

1. PDN Connectivity Request

2. Create session request


3. Create session request
4. Create session response
5. Create session response
6. Bearer Setup Request / PDN Connectivity Accept
7. RRC Connection Reconfiguration
8. RRC Connection Reconfiguration Complete
9. Bearer Setup Response
10. Direct Transfer
First Uplink Data
11. PDN Connectivity Complete
12. Modify Bearer request
13. Modify Bearer request
14. Modify Bearer response
First Downlink Data

15. Modify Bearer response

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

UE Requested PDN Disconnection Pro


cedure
eNodeB

MME

1. PDN Disconnection Request

S-GW

P-GW

2. Delete Session Request


3. Delete Session Request
4. Delete session response
5. Delete session response
6. Deactivate Bearer Request
7. RRC Connection Reconfiguration
8. RRC Connection Reconfiguration Complete
9. Deactivate Bearer Response
10. Direct Transfer
11. Deactivate EPS Bearer Context Accept

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Summary

The EPC network is composed of:

MME, S-GW, P-GW


Function of each

The main working principle of EPC network are:

Mobility management procedure


Session management procedure

Copyright 2015 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

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