Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
CARDIAC PATHOLOGY
http://www.drorestesg.com/blog/heart-disease-is-preventable-and-reversible
CARDIAC PATHOLOGY
Heart
Disease is
the Number 1
killer in
America
Recent data
reflects similar
trend
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/statistics/3AGES185.shtml
3
CARDIAC PATHOLOGY
Number of deaths for leading causes of death (2014):
Heart disease: 614,348
Cancer: 591,699
Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 147,101
Accidents (unintentional injuries): 136,053
Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases): 133,103
Alzheimer's disease: 93,541
Diabetes: 76,488
Influenza and Pneumonia: 55,227
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis: 48,146
Intentional self-harm (suicide): 42,773
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/deaths.htm
CARDIAC PATHOLOGY
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db229_fig3.png
CARDIAC PATHOLOGY
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr65/nvsr65_02.pdf
CARDIAC PATHOLOGY
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr65/nvsr65_02.pdf
CARDIAC PATHOLOGY
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr65/nvsr65_02.pdf
CARDIAC PATHOLOGY
10
CARDIAC PATHOLOGY
11
CARDIAC PHYSIOLOGY
12
CARDIAC ANATOMY
CARDIAC ANATOMY
http://www.vhlab.umn.edu/atlas/anatutorial/anatutorial3.shtml
14
CARDIAC ANATOMY
15
CARDIAC ANATOMY
Ventricles are
thicker walled
than atria due to
greater pumping
burden
Similarly, LV is
thicker than RV for
the same reason
(systemic versus
pulmonary
http://www.chelation.co.uk/heart-structure.html
circulation)
16
CORONARY ARTERIES
CORONARY ARTERIES
Right coronary
artery
http://www.clevelandclinic.org/heartcenter/images/guide/heartworks/coronary%20arteries.JPG
18
CORONARY ARTERIES
Left anterior
descending (LAD)
Anterior of RV and LV
Interventricular
septum
Left circumflex
Posterior, inferior,
and lateral walls
http://www.clevelandclinic.org/heartcenter/images/guide/heartworks/coronary%20arteries.JPG
19
CORONARY ARTERIES
21
Purkinje fibers
22
http://www.guthrie.org/services/cardiac/procedures/ekg.asp
24
SA Node
AV Node
Located in septum
separating right
and left atria
Temporarily holds
electrical signal
25
Bundle of His
(hiss)
Originates in AV
Node and divides
into the right and
left bundle
branches
Branches extend
down the sides of
the septum
Purkinje Fibers
26
http://what-when-how.com/paramedic-care/principles-of-electrocardiography-clinical-essent
ials-paramedic-care-part-1/
27
SA Node
Spreads electrical
impulse
throughout both
atria
Results in atrial
contraction
AV Node
Temporarily holds
electrical signal
until completion of
atrial contraction
28
Carries electrical
pulse to Purkinje
fibers
Purkinje Fibers
Carries electrical
pulse from the
apex to the walls
and muscles of the
ventricles
29
30
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
31
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
ECG or EKG
32
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
ECG or EKG
3 or 4 lead
Current diagnostics
12 lead
33
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
12 lead
34
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
12 lead
Combines
information
from 10
contacts to
provide 12
views
http://www.nuclearcardiologyseminars.net/electrocardiography.htm
35
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
ECG Components
P-wave
PR interval
QRS complex
T wave
U-wave (not always demonstrated)
36
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
http://www.math.utah.edu/~keener/lectures/AMS/slide1.html
37
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:ECG_principle_slow.gif
38
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
39
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
40
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Irregularities appear as
Cardiac Arrhythmias
41
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
42
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Cardiac Arrhythmia
43
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Common indications
Chest pain
SOB shortness of breath
Palpitations
Nausea (with other cardiac related signs and
symptoms
Weakness
Syncope (fainting)
Pre-surgical workup
People who undergo repeated cardiac stress (athletes)
Middle age patients receiving physicals.
44
45
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Determining rate
http://www.mauvila.com/ECG/ecg_fundamentals.htm
46
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Determining rate
http://www.mauvila.com/ECG/ecg_fundamentals.htm
47
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Determining
rhythm
Measure the
distance between
R-waves.
Does it remain
steady?
http://www.medcatalog.com/M/MackinManuf.htm
48
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
http://www.mauvila.com/ECG/ecg_fundamentals.htm
49
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
QRS Complex
http://www.mauvila.com/ECG/ecg_fundamentals.htm
50
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Sample ECGs
About 48 bpm
http://medicine-science.com/sinus-bradycardia/
51
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Sample ECGs
http://medicine-science.com/sinus-bradycardia/
52
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Sample ECGs
http://medicine-science.com/sinus-bradycardia/
53
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Sample ECGs
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Sample ECGs
http://www.cardionetics.com/cardiology/sinus-tachycardia.php
55
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Sample ECGs
http://www.cardionetics.com/cardiology/sinus-tachycardia.php
56
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Sample ECGs
57
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Sample ECGs
Atrial fibrillation
http://afib.utorontoeit.com/images/pic1afib.jpg
58
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Sample ECGs
http://afib.utorontoeit.com/images/pic1afib.jpg
59
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Sample ECGs
http://www.emedu.org/ecg/crapsanyall.php
60
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Sample ECGs
http://www.emedu.org/ecg/crapsanyall.php
61
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Sample ECGs
http://www.emedu.org/ecg/crapsanyall.php
62
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Normal Sinus
Rhythm
Sinus
Tachycardia
http://www.mei.com/resource/arrhythm/111.gif
63
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Normal Sinus
Rhythm
Sinus
Bradycardia
http://www.mei.com/resource/arrhythm/111.gif
64
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Ventricular
Flutter
180 250 bpm
but still
regularly
occurring
http://ibmi.mf.uni-lj.si/mmd/cardio-a/eng/sz-50/sldr00026.html
Ventricular
Fibrillation
http://personalwebs.myriad.net/dan/EKG/mfpvc.gif
65
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
Premature
Ventricular
Contraction
Ventricular
Fibrillation
http://personalwebs.myriad.net/dan/EKG/mfpvc.gif
66
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
S-T
Segment
Depression
http://medstat.med.utah.edu/kw/ecg/mml/ecg_12lead006.gif
67
68
69
70
71
72
12 Lead Placement
73
74
http://
www.m2hnursing.com/ecg_demo/12lea
d.php
75