Submitted by-Charankanwal singh

Mr.Rupinder UE148028
singh

Submitted to
Ms.Poonam and

Definition
Projectionincomputer graphicsmeans
the transformation of a three-dimensional
(3D) area into a two-dimensional (2D) area.
The plane in the area into which we transform
(project) objects is called the 'Table'.

Parallel projectionshave lines

ofprojectionthat areparallel both in reality

and in theprojectionplane.Parallel
corresponds to aprojectionwith an infinite
focal length (the distance from the image
plane to theprojectionpoint), or "focal
length".
Inperspective projection, all lines of sight
start at a single point. Distance from the
observer to the object is finite and the object
is viewed from a single point projectors are
not parallel.

Types of Parallel Projection

Orthographic Projection-a method of
projection in which an object is depicted using
parallel lines to project its outline on to a
plane. Angle with projection plane is
90degrees.
Oblique Projection-Oblique projectionis a
method of drawing objects in 3 dimensions. It
is quite a simple technique compared to
isometric or even perspective drawing. Angle
with projection plane is not fixed.

Types of Orthographic Projections

Multiview Projections-amultiview
orthographic projectionis an illustration
technique in which up to six pictures of an
object are produced, with
eachprojectionplane parallel to one of the
coordinate axes of the object.
Axonometric Projections-Axonometric
projectionis a type of parallelprojectionused
for creating a pictorial drawing of an object,
where the object is rotated along one or more of
its axes relative to the plane ofprojection.

Multi-view orthographic
projections are a part of
parallel projections. In this
type of drawing, the
observer is considered to be
at an infinite distance. The
projecting lines are thus
parallel to one another.

Another distinguishing
element in multi-view
projections is that one of
the faces of the object to be
drawn is placed parallel to
the projection plane.
The observer can only
see one side at a time.
That is why, in most cases,
one must draw several
views of the object to
portray it completely.

In technical drawing, the views are flat figures

(two dimensions) that we see from directly in
front of each object.

In the type of
projections used in
North America, we
imagine the object
being drawn in the
center of a transparent
The different views of
box.
the object are
projected onto the
sides of this box.

TOP VIEW

Here is the usual representation

of views in multi-view
orthographic projections.
This type of drawing is used in
technology because it allows
description without deforming
the faces of objects.

FRONT

RIGHT SIDE

Advantages:
accurate measurement possible
all views are at same scale
Disadvantages:
does not provide realistic view or sense of 3D
form
Used for:
Engineering drawings of machines, machine
parts
Working architectural drawings

www.google.com
www.wikipedia.com
http://www.powershow.com/view1/f3f3a-

ZDc1Z/Multiview_orthographic_projections_po
werpoint_ppt_presentation