Chapter 17

America Expands

I.

Western Expansion

A) Railroads
Transcontinental railroad
Congress
Union Pacific
Central Pacific

A) Railroads

Transcontinental railroad
Workers
Haste makes waste
Promontory Point
Other railroads

B) Resources

Mining
Pikes Peak gold rush
Leadville
Comstock Lode
Various metals

B) Resources

Cattle
Cattle drives
Cowboys
Open ranges
Meat packing

C) Settlers

Farmers
Land and fences
Homestead Act
Oklahoma land rushes

C) Settlers

Great Plains
Dry farming
Soddies
Barbed wire

A) Law and
Order

Challenges
Large distances
Notorious criminals

A) Law and Order

Lawmen
Town marshal
County sheriff
Deputies
U.S. marshals
Judges

A) Law and Order

Vigilante groups
Pinkertons

II. Indian
Affairs

A) Indian Affairs

Plains Indians
Sioux
Importance of buffalo
Warriors and Heritage

A) Indian Affairs
Indian Wars
First Sioux War
Wyoming-Montana
Sioux won every battle

A) Indian Affairs

Government goal was to force Indians onto

reservations

 Sioux War
1876-77
George Custer
Sitting Bull
Crazy Horse

 Sioux War
Custers Last Stand
Army eventually forced Indians onto
reservations

A) Indian Affairs
Geronimo
Nez Perce
Chief Joseph
Wounded Knee
Massacre

A) Indian Affairs

A Century of Dishonor
Helen Hunt Jackson
Dawes Act
Later government decisions

III. International Expansion

A) Expansion

Three main goals

Defend Western Hemisphere
Create new economic opportunities
Extend US territory

1. Mexico

Napoleon III
Maximilian I
French support
withdrawn

2. Britain

Issues
Commerce raiders
Who owns islands near Vancouver
Fishing rights
Treaty of Washington

A) Expansion

Japan
Commodore Perry
Treaty of Kanagawa

A) Expansion

Pan-Americanism
James G. Blaine
Pan-American Congress in 1889

A)
Expansion

China
Spheres of influence
Open Door Policy
Boxer Rebellion
International military force

1. Imperialism

Extension of power by one people or country

over another people or country
Exploitation
Benefits

1. Imperialism

Alaska
Purchased from Russia in 1867
Sewards Folly

1. Imperialism

Midway annexed
Hawaii
Planters revolted
Republic of Hawaii
Annexed by US in 1898

2. Missions

Hawaii and China

Mission boards
Denominational
Faith missions

B) Spanish American
War

Background
Causes
Yellow journalism
The de Lme letter
Sinking of the Maine

B) War

McKinley sent war message to

Congress
Manila Bay
George Dewey
Battle of Manila Bay

B) War

Santiago
Blockade of harbor
San Juan Hill
Battle of Santiago Bay
Puerto Rico also captured

1. Aftermath

US takes Puerto Rico, Guam,

Philippines
Virtual rule of Cuba
Annexation of Hawaii
US now a world power

1. Aftermath

Cost of empire
Maintenance of standing army, navy
Philippine insurrection
Emilio Aguinaldo

2. Election of 1900

McKinley and Bryan rematch

Bryan opposed imperialism
McKinley & Roosevelt win electoral landslide