Brushless Dc motor

Presented by:
Sanjeet kumar
Registration No.-1308143
Branch: Electrical & Electronics Engineering

Brushless Dc Motor
Brushless DC Motors are a type of
synchronous motor.
magnetic fields generated by the stator and rotor
rotate at the same frequency
no slip
Has no brushes and commutators.
Rotation of the rotor depends on the accurate
position with stator.

 Detected by Hall Sensor,

mounted on rotor, shifted at
60 or 120 phase shift.
Electronic commutation
used to vary the PWM dutycycle for speed control,
using software.
Available in single-phase,
2-phase, and 3-phase
configurations

BLDC Motor Stator

BLDC Motor Rotors

Working of Brushless dc motor

As there is no commutator ,the
current direction of the conductor
on the stator controlled
electronically.
Rotor consists the permanent
magnet where as stator consist a no.
of windings. Current through these
winding produces magnetic field
and force.
Hall sensor used to determine the
position during commutation.

Commutation of BLDCM

Brushless DC motor requires external commutation circuit to rotate

the rotor.
Rotor position is very important.
HALL SENSOR senses the position of the coil accurately.

Working Procedure

When electric current passes through a coil in a magnetic field, the magnetic force produces a
torque which turns the motor.

Force in Motor:
F=ILB
F = Force
B = Magnetic Field
L = Length of Conductor
I = Current in Conductor

Torque in Motor:
T = IBA sin
A = LW
L = Length of Winding
W = Width of Winding

Hall-Effect
If a current-carrying conductor is kept in a
magnetic field, the magnetic field exerts a
force on the moving charge carriers, tending to
push them to one side of the conductor,
producing a measurable voltage difference
between the two sides of the conductor.

Hall-Effect Sensors
Need 3 sensors to determine the position of the
rotor
When a rotor pole passes a Hall-Effect sensor,
get a high or low signal, indicating that a
North or South pole

Transverse Sectional View of Rotor

Commutation Sequence
Each sequence has
one winding energized positive (current into the
winding)
one winding energized negative (current out of the
winding)
one winding non-energized

Torque-Speed Characteristic

Advantage
In BLDC motor PM are on the rotor &
electromagnets are on the stator
controlled by software. Thus the
advantages are:
1. Because of computer control it is more
precise & more efficient.
2. There is no sparking & less electrical
noise.
3. Voltage and current rating is high.
4. High speed can be achieved.
5. As there is no brushes it requires no
servicing.
6. It has longer life.
7. Low Radio Frequency Interference and
electromagnetic Interference.

Disadvantage

Requires Complex Drive Circuitry.

Requires additional Sensors.
Expensive.
Some designs require manual labor.
(Hand wound Stator Coils)

Applications
PMBLDC motors are
increasingly being used in a wide
spectrum of applications:

domestic equipments,
automobiles
information technology equipment
industries
public life appliances
transportation
aerospace, defence equipments, power
tools, toys, vision and sound equipments
medical and health care equipment
ranging from microwatts to megawatts.

Presented By:
Sanjeet Kumar
sanjeetkumar2101@gmail.com
+91-8968143473