GAS DYNAMICS

AND JET
PROPULSION
RAJESH KANNA
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT

Unit-2
FLOW THROUGH
COSNTANT AREA
DUCT AND VARIABLE
AREA DUCT

General Objective:

To understand the flow in constant area ducts

with heat transfer and without friction.

Specific Objective:
The students will be able to
Acquire the knowledge about the Rayleigh
flow( E)
Acquire the knowledge about application of
Rayleigh flow( E)
Learn about the assumptions made in Rayleigh
flow
Acquire the knowledge of rayleigh line curve.

Rayleigh flow
The frictionless flow process in a constant

area duct with heat transfer is referred to as

Rayleigh flow.
Rayleigh flow- with heat transfer and without
friction

Application
Heat transfer in heat exchanger.
Heat transfer in combustion

chamber.

Assumptions
Perfect gas
Constant area duct
One dimensional steady frictionless flow and
Absence of body forces

Rayleigh line or curve

FANNO CURVE
The heat transfer causing heating or cooling of

the gas changes its stagnation temperature.

In a heating process the entropy must increase.
Therefore, the state of the gas moves towards
the right on the rayleigh line approaching the
maximum entropy point R.
Heating process beyond this point are impossible
because they lead to decrease in entropy.
Therefore, the limit of the heating processes on
both the subsonic and super sonic branches of
the rayleigh line is the maximum entropy point R

Various flow parameters on Rayleigh flow

Variation of flow properties in Rayleigh flow

The temperature difference (T0-T) for higher

(M>1) and lower (M<

also shown.

1) gas velocities are

problem
A gas at a pressure of 0.69 bar and temperature

278 K enters a combustion chamber at a

velocity of 60m/s. the heat supplied in the
combustion
Determine

chamber
the

mach

is

1405.6

number,

KJ/kg.

pressure,

temperature and velocity of the gas at the

exit.
Take = 1.4 and Cp=1.004 KJ/kgK for the
gas.