S IN O K A

B A JO S E
R IZ A L?

R izal at age 11

R izal at age 16

Rizal at 18 years old while a

student of medicine at the U.S.T

R izal in M adrid at the age of 25

R izal at age 35

R izal Law s

RA 1425

An act to include in the curricula of

all public and private schools,
Colleges and Universities courses on
the Life Works and Writings of JOSE
RIZAL, particularly his novels NOLI
ME TANGERE and EL
FILIBUSTERISMO, Authorizing the
Printing and Distribution Thereof, and
for Other Purposes.

 RA 229

An act to prohibit cockfighting, horse

racing and jai-alai on the thirtieth
day of December of each year and to
create a committee to take charge of
the proper celebration of Rizal day in
every municipality and chartered
city, and for other purposes

 Memorandum Order No. 247

Directing the Secretary of Education and

the Chairman of the Commission on
Higher Education to fully implement
Republic Act No. 1425
CHED Memorandum No. 3, s. 1995

Enforcing strict compliance to

Memorandum Order No. 247

W ho deserves to be our
N ATIO N AL H ERO ?

CRITERIA:
A Filipino citizen
Calm and cool
Patriotic
Has a colorful death

N O M IN EES are
Andres de Castro Bonifacio
Andrs Bonifacio y de Castro
(November 30, 1863 May 10,
1897 was one of the chief
leaders of the revolution of the
Philippines
against
Spanish
colonial rule. The 1896 Philippine
Revolution
was
the
first
revolution
in
Asia
against
European colonial rule.

Andres el Supremo
Bonifacio

W hy fellthe Suprem o?
He was not charming, he was not likeable
He had a rough temper
He is impatient, rash domineering
He was an excellent organizer, but wasnt

a military leader
His pants rolled up high, brandishing a
bolo, but he never realized that he will
never win in the battle of bolo
The Supremo of Katipunan was losing all
his fights in the battlefields around Manila

W hat about Tejeros Convention ?

The archetype of Philippine polls, the first

election. Bonifacios Magdiwang dominated

the convention, but the Supremo lost. The
Magdiwang elected its leaders into office
but chose Aguinaldo of the Magdalo for
their President. The 2 factions fused against
him and the government they formed
supplanted the katipunan. The Supremo
had fallen, he left the convention hall crying
that the election over which he himself had
presided, was irregular and invalid.

 He separates himself from the Cavite revolt,

rejects Aguinaldos plea for cooperation, issue an

order for the recruiting, by force if necessary of a
rival revolutionary army, defies Aguinaldos
authority by arresting Magdalo officers and
declaring void Aguinaldos appointment. On mAy
6, the courtmartial found Andres and Procopio
guilty of trying to overthrow the government and
asked for the death penalty. Instead of confirming
the proposed penalty, Aguinaldo changed it to
indefinite banishment amounted to an order of
pardon but Aguinaldo withdraw the order of
pardon and allow the executions of the prisoners.

D eath in the M orning

One morning of May 10, 1897, while

the Spanish were advancing on

Maragondon, Bonifacio and his
brother were taken up to the
mountains and shot. According to the
memories, Colonel Lazaro
Makapagal, accompanied by Jose
Zulueta, came to fetch the prisoner
an order from Aguinaldo. The
prisoner had to face a brief hearing
and will return at once.

 His wife protested that he had been in pain

all night and she begged for bandages

which to dress his wounds, the colonel
explained that his soldiers had brought a
hammock in which to carry the prisoner.
Bonifacio and his brother Procopio were took
to Mount Tala and there to open and read to
them the sealed letter he had been given.
Bonifacio begged to Makapagal to open and
read the letter though they had not yet
reached Mount Tala. Makapagal consented,
the letter was an order to shoot the
prisoners, in accordance with the sentence
imposed by the courtmartial, the order of
pardon have been withdrawn by Aguinaldo.

 According to Makapagal, Bonifacio

crawled on his knees toward him,

flung out his arms and begged to be
forgiven, shots rung out. Procopio
tried to escaped but has been
executed. Bonifacio stagger up to his
feet and tried to escaped but he was
shot. They buried him in promontory.
The Supremo was not yet 34 when
he died, only 8 months after his
Katipunan rose in revolt.

G raciano Lpez Jaena

Graciano Principe ng Propaganda Lopez

Jaena

Graciano Lpez Jaena' - On

December 18, 1856, saw the
birth of Graciano Lpez Jaena in
Jaro, Iloilo to Placido Lpez and
Maria Jacoba Jaena. His parents
were poor, as his mother was a
seamstress and his father, a
general repairman. His father,
however had been to school and
his mother was quite religious. At
the age of six, young Graciano
was placed under the watch of
Father Francisco Jayme who
noted his intellectual promise,
especially his gift of speech.
Unfortunately, Lpez Jaena died
of tuberculosis on January 20,
1896.

 He was born as an orator, by natural gift

He delivered more than 1,000 speeches in Spain
He believed that the Philippines can only

separate from Spain by means of revolution

He performed menial jobs to keep his body and
soul together, he contacted tuberculosis due to
his insufficient meals and dirty living quarters
He died in charity ward of Barcelona hospital run
by Sisters of Charity on January 20, 1896, age 40
He was buried in an unknown grave at the
Cementerio del Barcelona.

A ntonio Luna y N ovicio

Antonio Luna y Novicio (October

29, 1866 - June 5, 1899) was a
Filipino pharmacist and military
general who fought in the PhilippineAmerican War. He founded the
Philippines's first military academy.

Antonio Cafre Luna

W ould Luna H ave Been A Strong M an?

He was a man with brutal temper, a

tendency to violence, a lack of

pakikisama.
He was very impatient
He committed the greatest error of
his life denouncing the existing of
the Katipunan.
He wanted to set himself up a
dictator and to seize from Aguinaldo
the leadership of the Republic
through a coup detat.

The End In Cabanatuan

When Luna slapped Buencamino in the presence

of Aguinaldo, the President become aloof towards

Luna. Buencamino threat Luna for a revenge.
Aguinaldo summoned him to a conference in
Cabanatuan, Luna thinking it would be about the
formation of a new dictatorial cabinet. The
government sent him a telegram in Bayambang
calling him to an urgent conference, while at the
same time Aguinaldo started his trip to Angeles,
with an escort of 2,000 men. Immediately upon
receipt of the telegram, Luna left for Cabanatuan
and accompanied by Francisco Roman, Villa, the
Bernal bros. and escorted by 25 men.

 They found the bridge to Cabanatuan broken,

the impatient Luna left his aides behind with

Paco Roman, and Eduardo Rusca took a
carromata to town. They arrived at the
presidential residence which was the convento
at around 3 in the afternoon of June 5, 1899.
Luna was been trapped by Buencamino his
mortal foe who told him that Aguinaldo had
gone to San Isidro. The exasperated Luna
vented his wrath to Buencamino, the two men
were wrangling when rifle shot was heard.

 Luna rushed downstairs and was

confronted at the foot of the stairway

by another mortal foe, Janolino, what
occurred between the 2 will always
be a mystery, and found that Luna
was hacked in the head with a bolo.
It was a signal that all men of the
Kawit had to score to settle with
Luna crowded round the fallen
general and hacked, stabbed,
chopped and shot as they pleased.

 The wounded man managed

somehow managed to drag himself

away, stagger out to the street, even
draw his pistol as he stuttered
Co.wards! Trai.tors! Luna was
bleeding from more than 40 wounds,
while Roman ran across the streets
but was felled by bullets and died on
the spot, Rusca was shot in the leg
but saved himself into the church.

 As Luna lay dying, an elderly woman had

looked out from the upstairs window of

the convento, according to one version,
she called out to the assassins, ano ba,
nagalaw pa yan? the elderly woman is
supposed to be the Presidents mother.
Buencamino then ordered that everything
be removed from the dead mans pockets,
especially the telegram he had received.
He was buried in the clothes he had died
in.

M arcelo H ilario del Pilar y

G atm aytan
Marcelo Hilario del Pilar y
Gatmaytan (August 30, 1850July
4, 1896) was a celebrated figure in
the Philippine Revolution and a
leading propagandist for reforms in
the Philippines. Popularly known as
Plaridel, he was the editor and copublisher of La Solidaridad. Plaridel is
the chosen "patron saint" of todays
journalists, as his life and works
prized freedom of thought and
opinion
most
highly,
loving
independence above any material
gain. He died of tuberculosis in
abject poverty in Barcelona, Spain,
1896.

Marcelo Plaridel del

Pilar

 He worked hard even at night,

writing editorials and articles in La

Solidaridad
He economized in dress, and in food
to finance the periodical
He received no salary and many
times he and his co-workers had to
work without a decent meal
He carried on his patriotic mission
even though he was homesick

 He was a journalist, outspoken, and

aggressive
His dream of a happy Philippines was not
realized during his lifetime, because for
more than 5 years of ceaseless labor and
sacrifices, his health broke down due to
excessive work, sleepless nights, and lack
of nourishment. He was penniless. He
picked up cigarette butts in the parks and
streets of Barcelona in order to smoke
smoking made him forget his hunger
Broken in body but not in soul, the great
Plaridel died in Barcelona when he was
about to return home.

Em ilio A guinaldo y Fam y

Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy (March 22, 1869

February 6, 1964) was a Filipino general,
politician, and independence leader. He
played an instrumental role in Philippine
independence
during
the
Philippine
Revolution against Spain and the PhilippineAmerican War that resisted American
occupation. Aguinaldo died on February 6,
1964 of coronary thrombosis at the Veterans
Memorial Hospital in Quezon City. He was
95 years old. His remains are buried at the
Aguinaldo Shrine in Kawit, Cavite.

Emilio Miong
Aguinaldo

 The first President of the Philippines

was a school dropout because he

abandoned schooling when he was
13.
He was put in Letran but had to be
taken out and placed under tutors.
He believed that its bad to learned,
youre either hanged or exile
Though he was lazy in his studies, he
acquired little interest in Geography
They say from childhood he was
extremely meek and shy

 He was considered the ugliest in the family

He realized that his kabaitan didnt bring

happiness. He fell in love with a girl but her

mother objected. He desisted. He fell in love
again with another girl and again his mother
objected, again he desisted.
He dont like to be the moth in the flame.
He had a self pity and asked himself is he
really destined for martyrdom even in love?
A fugitive in Palanan

Em ilio Jacinto

Emilio Jacinto (December 15,

1875 - April 16, 1899), was a
Filipino revolutionary known as
the Brains of the Katipunan.
Jacinto continued fighting the
Spaniards, though he never
joined the forces of General
Emilio Aguinaldo. He contracted
malaria and died on April 16,
1899, in Majayjay, Laguna, at the
age of 23. His remains were later
transferred to the Manila North
Cemetery.

Emilio Dimasilaw
Jacinto

The Brains ofKatipunan

He was the wisest among the Katipuneros,

although he was the youngest.

He was the Moses of the Filipino People
because they acclaimed him as the soul of
revolution and the eyes of the katipunan.
He was busy fighting for Spaniards, the time
that he was captured the Spanish military
investigated him, Jacinto produced a pass
from his pocket which identified himself as
Florentino Reyes, a Filipinos spy in the
service of Spain, which he saved his life.

 The truth was that the pass really belonged to a

Filipino spy named Florentino Reyes, whom

Jacinto captured in Pasig, he took the pass and
kept it in his pocket so that in caser he should
fall into the hands of the enemy, he could
identify himself as the spy in Spains service and
then he was released.
The Spanish military court that sentenced Rizal
to death presented evidence that: Rizal picture
hung in the meeting place of the Katipunan, that
Rizal name was use as one of the passwords of
the Katipunan, that Rizal was, without his
knowledge and consent, the honorary President
of the Katipunan. Some Katipuneros even carried
photograph of Rizal in their pockets like antinganting

 It could have been that Rizal was framed by the

katipunan.
According to Pio Valenzuela, Rizal simply wanted
the cedula-tearing Katipuneros to wait for a
better time and when Bonifacio heard Rizals
opinion and advice on the plnned revolution he
exclaimed, Lintik
Rizal couldnt convinced by Pio to join the
revolution instead Rizal advice Valenzuela to
attract all rich and influential persons of Manila.
He advice to contact Antonio Luna who has
access to the homes of wealthy Filipinos to
support the Katipunan.
Now the Katipuneros followed Rizals advice,
contracted the millionaire Francisco Roxas to
fund the katipunan, he refused.

 To make matters worse, Roxas even threatened to

denounce the Katipunan to the Spanish authorities.

Jacinto prepared a list of uncooperative Filipinos
and had their movements monitored and their
signatures forged on Katipunan papers which
stated that they were not only sympathizers but
contributors to the Katipunan fund.
These incriminating documents were then left in
Katipunan hideouts to be found by the Spanish
authorities. A wave of arrests followed all
implicated men denied their involvement with the
Katipunan, the Spaniards did not believe them,
Francisco Roxas was one of the first to be executed.
While Jacinto established his secret headquarters in
the hills of Majayjay he contracted malaria and died
on April 16, 1899, he was 24 years old.

A polinario M abini y
M aranan

Apolinario The Mystery

Mabini

Apolinario Mabini y Maranan (July

23, 1864May 13, 1903), also known
as the "Sublime Paralytic", was a
Filipino theoretician who wrote the
constitution for the first Philippine
republic of 1899-1901, and served as
its first prime minister in 1899. He
was born in Talaga, Tanauan City,
Batangas of poor parents, Inocencio
Mabini and Dionisia Maranan. On May
13, 1903 Mabini died of cholera in
Manila

M abinithe M ystery
Born a peasant but he had no interest in

agriculture
He calls himself a man of letters but he
shows no interest in arts, literature and
other field outside law.
He showed no interest in human
relationships, moved apart from his
classmates, formed no real friendships.
The only tie he formed during his period
was with Adriano, who was an older man.

 Mabini never fell in love, never

indulged in flirtation.
Love was never a factor in his life.
The Brains of the Philippine
Revolution
Crown him with the title Sublime
Paralytic because he has sublime
ideals despite his paralysis.
He began his life as a lawyer
He refused to take an oath of
allegiance to the United States and
he was exiled in Agana Guam.

Riddle in M yth
Mabinis disability was a recurrence of

childhood sickness. The young Mabini

had his formal school in the Poblacion of
Tanauan and, he daily hiked the distance
from his isolated barrio to the town
proper, getting burn by the sun and
chilled by the rains, and falling many a
time, for Tanauan is rugged mountain
country. His habit of taking a bath
whenever he came home from school, he
contracted an illness that led to infantile
paralysis.

 He recovered but between 1895and

1896 when Mabini found himself

exposed to the world of men and
women, the ailment mysteriously
returned leaving him paralyzed.
Mabini was a victim of trap known as
pikot. He had a friend he
sometimes visited and during these
visits he came to know the friends
sister who was much younger than

And Mabini was persuaded to stay the

night in the house. In the middle of
the night, he discovered that he had
been trapped, not only by the girl
and her parents. Horrified, he
jumped out the window and fled
through the cold rain, then he
developed paralysis
Some say that he fell sick because he
got soaked to the bone, he had fallen

Jos R izal

Jos Rizal (full name: Jos Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso

Realonda) (June 19, 1861 December 30, 1896, was a Filipino
polymath, nationalist and the most prominent advocate for
reforms in Jos Rizal the Philippines during the Spanish
colonial era and its eventual independence from Spain. He is
considered a national hero and the anniversary of Rizal's death
is commemorated as a Philippine holiday called Rizal Day.
Rizal's 1896 military trial and execution made him a martyr of
the Philippine Revolution

 At the age of 3 he knows his alphabet

Age of 5 he can read and write
Age of 8 he made his first poem entitled Sa

Aking Mga Kabata

Age of 16 he finished his Bachelor of Arts in
Ateneo Municipal
At the age of 23 he was granted his Licentiate
in Medicine at University Central de Madrid but
wasnt able to take his examination for
doctorate for some reasons, so technically
speaking Jose Rizal could not carry his
academic title Dr. Jose Rizal, but he could
practice his profession.
At the age of 24 he obtained his Licentiate in
Philosophy and Letters

 He was a polyglot because he

mastered 22 languages
A polymath because he was an
engineer by an experience, artist,
novelist, poet, entrepreneur, artist,
economist

Oh, what a beautiful

morning!

 The slow walk to Bagumbayan began

at 6:30 a.m. Rizal was dresses

appropriately, in black. Black coat,
black pants. He was tied elbow to
elbow. He walked in the middle
between 2 Jesuits. Behind Rizal walked
Lt. Luis Taviel de Andrade his defender.
The streets were lined with people who
wanted to see the condemned man.
Rizal was a bit pale not because he was
afraid to die but because he did not
have any breakfast.

 Rizal was given 3 hard-boiled eggs.

Eight Filipino soldiers armed with

remingtons formed the firing squad,

behind them were 8 Spanish soldiers with
mausers, ready to shoot the Filipino if
they refused to shoot Rizal.
When everyone was in their places, there
was a delay because Rizal refused to be
blindfolded and he asked that he face the
firing squad. The Spanish captain had to
insist that he be shot in the back as
ordered because he was a traitor to
Spain

 Rizal declared that he had never been a

traitor to his country or to Spain, Rizal

has to turned his back again refused to
be blindfolded and refused to kneel. His
last request is to spare his spare head
and shoot him in the back toward the
heart. The captain agreed. The captain
raised his saber in the air he ordered his
men to be ready and shouted Prepare,
the order to aim the rifles followed:
Apunten! And he order to fire Fuego!
Rizal shouted 2 last words
Consummatum est! (it is done)

 The bullet it their mark and Rizal made a

carefully choreographed twist he practiced

years before that would made him fall face up
on the ground.
A soldier came up to the corpse and gave
Rizal the tiro de gracia one last merciful shot
in the head at close range to make sure he
was dead.
A small dog, the military mascot ran round the
corpse whining. The soldiers kept silence, the
Spaniards in the audience shouted Long live
Spain! Death to the traitor!. The crowd did not
respond, and to fill the gap the military band
played the Marcha de Cadiz. At 7:03 a.m. the
show was over.