Presentation Skills

Objective:
Presentation Skills
Discussing the Imperatives
Elements of a Good Presentation
Preparing the Presentation
Presentations and Feedback

The imperatives:

Planning
Preparation
Practice
Pauses
Facing Your Fears

Difference
Presentation
To present what
audience knows to
need
Homogenous
audience
Complete detail
about the topic
More interactive

Public speaking
To present what
audience wishes to
hear
Heterogeneous
audience
Less
less

Kinds of speeches
Persuasive
Informative
Entertainment
Graceful
Presentation speeches

Elements of a Good
Content Presentation

Structure
Packaging
Human Element
Good delivery
Appropriate Body language

The Borden Formula

Ho Hum!
Why bring that up
For instance
So what?-Join! Contribute! Vote!
Boycott!
!

PlanningThe 4 Whys of presentation

Why
Why
Why
Why

this audience
at this time
this speaker
this subject

Audience

Educational background
Basic attitude
Friendly, indifferent or hostile
Their knowledge
Their likes- sincerity, short sentences, simple
phrases, pauses

Their dislikes- late starts, too many points, a

displeasing voice-stutter, stammer, hesitant,
indistinct, nasal, husky or harsh delivery
Delay

Purpose
To
To
To
To
To
To
To

gain acceptance
introduce changes
give detailed information
gain/imbibe a specific skill
represent a group
suggest a solution
entertain

Preparation/Subject matter
Research and collect matter
Divide then intoMust say matter
Should say matter
Could say matter
Need not say matter
Arrange them as per Borden Formula

Subject matter
Introduction-main points, be to the
point
Body-logical progression of thought
through anecdotes, visual aids, real
life experiences
Conclusion-brief recapitulation, what
now aspect

Organization
Chronological pattern
Spatial
Topical
Cause and effect
Problem & solution
Climactic

Preparation (contd.)
Use cards, highlight points
For quantitative data use charts,
visual aids
Can give handouts but preferably
only after the presentation
Power points- follow the rules

Practice
Voice recording/VOICE MODULATION
MIRROR PRACTICE
Practise before someone you trust
Learn the introduction and conclusion
Remember, Practice makes a man perfect
BUT DONT MEMORIZE YOUR SPEECH

Pauses
Pause when you speak. Dont rattle
Pause where punctuation is
necessary
When you pause, pause clearly
Dont pause after a preposition or an
article
Vary the length of the pauses

Gestures
Should not be repetitious
Should not be overwhelming/
dramatic
It should appear natural, easy
DONT TALK WITH YOUR HANDS

Ten Commandments

Dont commence with apology

Less of statistics
Dont be overly sentimental
Do not exaggerate
Do not be sarcastic or unfair
Do not be dull
Do not exceed the time limit
Do not overdress
Do not try to fool

Do not use so many do nots- be

positve,sound positive

Do
Write your intro and conclusion
Anticipate
Be early
Divide and rule
Move
Watch what you eat

The Voice
Remember to modulate your voice in
terms of:
Volume
Tone
Pitch
Pace

Delivery
Word pictures
Warm words
Simile and metaphors
Impact words
Smooth flow

Smooth flow

Bridge- moving to a new thought-meanwhile

Number item- 1st advantage,2nd benefit
List
Trigger- rept.of the word or phrase
Interjection- to highlight the importance- and this
is important, Perhaps the best of all
Internal summary
Rhetorical questions
Anecdotes, Quotes ,Jokes
Flash backs
Pause

Body Language
Eye contact
Facial expressions
Gestures
Posture and body orientation
Proximity
Voice modulation

Tips for Getting Started

Conquer nervousness by preparing well.
Practise, practise, practise.
Face your fears.
Start by speaking clearly and confidently with
peers.
Act confident!

Great speakers arent born

they are trained

Reducing Speech Anxiety

Know your audience

Re-create the speech environment
Rehearse Success
Use visual aids
Dont expect perfection

Know that most nervousness is not

visible

Prepare, prepare, prepare

Preparation is the Key

Vocal Skills
Project & resonate your voice.
No UMs and ERs. (Pause
instead).
Silence is a tool (To draw attention).

Visuals
Design
Focus on one idea per visual
Stay conceptual
Dont over design
Copy
Use headlines that hammer
main ideas
Write like you speak

A speaker may put his entire presentation on

his slides. He turns his back to the audience
and reads the slides aloud. Perhaps he feels
this approach guarantees all the information
will get to the audience.
This may be the most annoying way to give a
presentation. Audience members feel insulted:
they already know how to read! They wonder
why the lecturer doesnt simply hand out a
copy of the slides.
The visual presentation dominates the
presenter. The presenter is not adding any
value to what is on the slides.

Speaker Interprets Slides

Slides dominate
Provide all content
Audiences attention
Speaker supports
Faces slides
Helps audience understand
Lens Lyceum

Slides Enhance Speaker

Speaker dominates
Faces audience
Provides content
Slides support speaker
Reinforce message
Orient listeners

Preparation
Preparing the Presentation:
Research
Structure - introduction, body and
conclusion.

Introduction
Introductions and an icebreaker.
State the objective of the presentation.

Body
Outline main points on index cards.
Ask yourself:
What

is

the

purpose

of

the

presentation?
Who will be attending?
What does the audience already know?
What is the audience's attitude
towards me?

Conclusion

Ask for questions,

Provide a wrap-up (summary),

Thank the participants for attending.
Notice that you told them what they are
about to hear (the objective), told them
the content (the body), and told them
what they heard (the wrap up).

The few things the listener

looks for

Information
New ideas
Clarity in voice& vision
Thought provoking
Keeps me awake!

Feedback