Electrochemical Studies of Nickel

Based Superalloy GTM SU718

ACHARYA RAGHAV
M.TECH (2ND YEAR) 3rd SEM
INDUSTRIAL METALLURGY
ROLL NO : 155501

GUIDE :
Dr. M.K Mohan (NIT Warangal)
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CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
L I T E R ATU R E S U RVE Y
OBJECTIVE
F L O W C H A RT
E X P E R I M E N TAL P R O C E D U R E
R E S U LTS AN D D I S C U S S I O N S
PLAN OF WORK IN THE NEXT SEMESTER
REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION
GTM SU718 Nickel Based Super Alloy
GTM SU 718 is used in Kaveri Engine-Gas Turbine
Engine
Chemical Composition Addition of Cr Most
effective in increasing Hot Corrosion Resistance of
Super Alloys.
High Content of Tantalum increases tensile and
toughness.
Major Applications High Pressure Turbines(as
vanes & blades), Compressor Main Shaft, Exhaust
Cone, Structural parts, casings[1,2,6]

Materials

Weight
Percent

Nickel

50

Chromium

20

Cobalt

0.05

Niobium

3.01

Aluminium

0.54

Tantalum

1.3

Titanium

2.5

Iron

19.0

Molybdenum

3.1

Magnesium

0.2

Silicon

0.3

Table 1- Chemical Composition of

GTM SU 718[2]
3

LITERATURE SURVEY

Fig : Section of a gas turbine

Necessity of Impedance Studies:

Oil operated and dual fuel
engines experience hot
corrosion(surface temperature
above 850C)
Corrosion is an Electrochemical
process & molten salts acts as
electrolytes.
Electrochemical Impedance
Spectroscopy is used, either to
measure corrosion rate or
reaction mechanisms.
4

LITERATURE SURVEY
Na2SO4 induced hot corrosion of MAR247(59wt% Ni and
8.25 wt % Cr) at 1200 K causes depletion of protective
layer of Cr2O3 , Al2O3 due to high solubility in acid fluxes.[7]
Titanium, aluminium, chromium and tungsten form metal
chlorides which are very volatile, causing cracks[8]
Corrosion rate increases with temperature, rate is
controlled by diffusion step(slowest step). At higher
temperature charge transfer resistance is dominating, so
Linear Polarisation Technique gives better results. Normal
potential is -0.02V to 0.02V[9]
5

Objectives of the present study

To study the corrosion behavior of GTM SU718 alloy in
different molten salts
To propose mechanism of hot corrosion of GTM SU718
To study surface morphology of the corroded alloy
To determine corrosion rate (mpy) using potential dynamic
polarization studies

F LO W C H A RT
OF THE WORK
PLAN

Cleaning
with
distilled
water
and
acetone

Grinding
8001200 Sic
Emery
Paper

Sample
Cutting by
Wire EDM(Size
2cm*1cm*0.5
cm)

Hot Corrosion
Impedance and
Polarisation Studies in
various Environments
Nyquist Plot
from
Impedance
Studies

Corroded
Sample

Corrosion
Mechanism
Results
and
Discussio
n

Polarization
StudiesCorrosion
CurrentCorrosion Rate
Measurement

Drilling
with
Carbid
e Drill
Bits

Surface
MorphologySEM(EDX)
and XRD
7

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
Platinum wires as reference and counter electrode for
conducting EIS and Polarization Studies- Change in the
impedance during test causes phase shift of around +4 per
100kHz frequency results in wrong interpretation of
capacitance (only for materials having lower impedance)

Fig : Electrochemical Workstation

Sample is grinded with SiC emery paper 800 and 1200 grade, polished and rinsed with distilled water
and ethanol.
Sample is joined with the lead wires (Nichrome 80/20 wires) with 1 cm 2 area dipped in the molten
salts and muffle furnace is used to create hot corrosion environment.
Platinum wires is attached to Nichrome wires and was taken outside the furnace. Alumuna beeds is
used to insulate the lead wires to avoid cross connection.
8

Three Electrode Electrochemical Cell

Design and Fabrication of 3-electrode electrochemical cell for hot
corrosion

Figure 3 electrode electrochemical cell

IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT &

CHARACTERIZATION
Metal-Electrode
System

Impedance
Spectroscopy
Theory

Physica
l Model

Curve
Fitting

Equivalent
Randle
Cell

System
Characterizati
on
10

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Equivalent Circuit

Red pointsExperimental
Green points
Best fitted

Figure - Nyquist Plot for GTM SU 718 immersed in Na2SO4 Temp- 1183 K Immersion time- 1 hr

11

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Calculated values of Charge Transfer Resistance is 1.209 cm2 values
calculated are with using Platinum as Reference and Counter Electrode.
Values using two identical electrode, charge transfer resistance = 0.6926 cm2
Values are almost nearby because the sample is having high impedance [9]
The maximum phase angle calculated is 26 degrees which suggest that the material is
behaving more like resistor (kinetically controlled electrochemical reaction, charge is
transferred from the electrolyte to sample with certain speed causing corrosion) [7,10]

12

PLAN OF WORK IN THE NEXT SEMESTER

Polarization and Impedance Spectroscopy in Molten NaCl, 95% Na2SO4 + 5% NaCl,

90% Na2SO4 + 10% NaCl, 95 % Na2SO4 + 5% V205, 90% Na2SO4 + 5%

NaCl + 5% V205
Study the surface Morphology; XRD and SEM analysis
Determination of Time Constant from the equivalent circuit fitted
Determination of corrosion rate (mpy)
Compilation of data

13

REFERENCES
B.N Raghunandan, Charlie Oommen, R.K Sullerey Air Breathing Engines and
Aerospace Propulsion (2004)
V. S. Yashwanth, A.K. Gogia, I. Gurrappa , The Behaviour of
Superalloys in Marine Gas Turbine Engine Conditions, Journal of
Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology (2011),Page
(144-149)
[3] Otsuka N, Rapp RA, Effects of Chromate and Vanadate anions on the Hot
Corrosion of Pre-Oxidized Ni by a thin fused Na 2SO4 at 900C , J Electrochem society
(1990); Page (53-60)
[4] N. Das, US patent 5,925,198, July (1999)
[5] M. Konter, M. Thumann, Materials and Manufacturing of advanced Industrial Gas
Turbine Components, (2001)
[6] N.Eliaz, G. Shemesh, R.M Latanision, Hot Corrosion in Gas Turbine
Components,Engineering Failure Analysis (2002)

14

References
[7]Chsur-Jeng Wang, Jiann-Sheng Lin, The oxidation of MAR M247 super
alloy with Na2SO4 Coating, Materials Chemistry and Physics Vol 76
(2002) Page (123-129)
[8] I Gurrappa, Hot Corrosion Behavior of CM 247 alloy in Sodium
Sulphate and sodium chloride environments , May 27, 1997
[9] Ed. Evgenij Barsoukov, J. Ross McDonald, Impedance Spectroscopy
Theory, Experiment and Applications, Wiley Publication 2005
[10]Garmy instruments Basics of Electrochemical Impedance Studies
http://www.gamry.com/application-notes/EIS/basics-of-electrochemical-i
mpedance-spectroscopy/
[11] C. Cuevas-Arteaga, J. Porcayo, G. Izquierdo, Study of hot corrosion
of alloy 800 using linear polarization resistance and weight loss
measurement, (2000)
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THANK YOU

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