WATER SUSTAINS LIFE.

The world suffers

from several
problems regarding
the environment.
One of these
problems is about
water.

Water Problems

Heavy consumption of
freshwater causes a
number of

1. Water Scarcity
It occurs when
the demand
for water from
all sectors is
higher than
the available
resource.

2 Types of Water Scarcity

occurs
when there is
Physical
not enough water to
meet our needs
Arid regions are
generally associated
with physical water
scarcity.

Economic
occurs when human,
institutional and
financial capital limit
access to water even
though water in
nature is available for
human needs

Water Stress
The symptomatic consequence of
scarcity which may manifest itself as
increasing conflict over sectoral usage,
a decline in service levels, crop failure,
food insecurity etc..
This term is analogous to the common
use of the term "drought".
is the difficulty of obtaining sources of
fresh water for use, because of
depleting resources.

2. Seawater Intrusion
Contamination of freshwater with
saltwater

3. Land Subsidence
Depression of the land above an
area where massive extraction of
water leaves voids underground.
4. Depletion of
the water table

Water Pollution

What is Water
Pollution?
contamination ofwaterbodies

occurs
whenpollutantsare
discharged directly or indirectly into
water
bodies
without
adequatetreatment
to
remove
harmful compounds
physical or chemical change in
surface water or ground water that
can
adversely
affect
living

Causes of Water
Pollution

Increase of Human
Population

Industrial waste

Agricultural runoff

Sewage and wastewater

Sep

t ic

Tan
ks

Ocean and marine

dumping

ollution

Effects of water
pollution

Death of
aquatic
(water)
animals

Disruption of
food-chains

Diseases

Eutrophication
Too much
nitrates and
phosphates
Algae

Causes algae
in water

Flooding

Harms animals

Prevention and
Solutions

Never throw
rubbish
away
anyhow.

Use water wisely.

,
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Buy more
environmenta
lly safe
cleaning
liquids for the
use at home
and other
public places.

If you use
chemicals
and
pesticides
for your
gardens
and
farms, be

If you live close to

a water body, try
to plant lots of
trees and flowers
around your
home, so that
when it rains,

INDICATORS OF WATER
QUALITY

Parameters to determine the

quality of water
Dissolved
Oxygen
Oxygen
Demand
Biological
refers to
the amount
is the amount of
diatomic oxygen
(O2) dissolved in
water

of oxygen that
microorganisms in
water need to
survive
High BOD indicates
poor water quality.

A
high
DO
indicates
good A high BOD results
water quality.
to a rapid depletion
of DO.

Parameters to determine
the
Total
Total
quality of water
dissolved
suspended
solids
solids
is a measure of
indicates
the
the amount of
turbidity of water
dissolved
contaminants in
the water
High TSS means
high turbidity. It
TDS
results
to
a High
indicates
poor
decrease in DO.
water quality.

Parameters to determine the

quality
of water
Coliform
Planktons and
bacteria
Benthos

Planktons
microorganisms
(microscopic
which come from
water plants and
animal
dung
or
animals)
human feces
Benthos (marine
A
high
fecal
species which live
coliform
count
in the sediments
indicates very poor
or bottom part of
water quality.
the body of water

Water Changes
Everything!

References:
Wikipedia
http://www.all-recycling-facts.com

http://eschooltoday.com/pollution/
water-pollution.html