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Bay Controller

6MD85, 6MD86

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Bay Control devices

SIPROTEC 5

All are Modular!


Basic Device
6MD85
Full IO amount possible (modular)
No Autoreclosure, no Breaker Failure
Protection
Allows a lot of functions

Advanced Device
6MD86
Full IO amount possible (modular)
Can contain Autoreclosure and
Breaker Failure Protection
Allows a lot of functions without
Function Points (e.g.Synchrocheck)

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Page 2 2013-03
Bay Control devices

Available Protection functions


Overcurrent Protection (50 / 51N)
Overvoltage Protection (59)
Undervoltage Protection (27)
Overfrequency Protection (81O)
Underfrequency Protection (81U)
Thermal Overload Protection (49)
Breaker Failure Protection (50 BF) (only for 6MD86)
Autoreclosure (79) (only for 6MD86)
Power Protection (active/reactive) (32/37)

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Page 3 2013-03
Selection table Functionality
for Bay Control Devices

Functionality 6MD85 6MD86


Breaker Failure Protection - Optional
Autoreclosure - Optional
CFC Switching sequences Optional
CFC Arithmetic Optional
CFC Measurement Processing Optional
Number of Switching Devices >4 Optional
Synchrocheck Optional

A lot more functions are available table shows only the features which are different
between 6MD85 and 6MD86

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Page 4 2013-03
Hardware possibilities in platform V4.0

More IO through 2 new developments:


1) IO230 (48 BI in extension module) *
Example: 1/1 device, 1 x IO202, 4 x IO230: 4 x U, 4 x I, 155 BI, 72 BO

2) 2nd Row with additional 5 extension modules


Example: 1/1 device, 1 x IO202, 4 x IO230: 4 x U, 4 x I, 155 BI, 72 BO
plus 5 x IO230: 240 BI

Sum: 4 x U, 4 x I, 395 BI, 72 BO

* planned for 02/2014

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Page 6 2013-03
Bay Controller 6MD85 / 6MD86
Profile

Control and Automation for


Substations of all voltage levels
Phasor Measurement Unit
(IEEE C38.118)
Backup protection available
Suitable for 1,5 CB method
IEC 61850 (Edition 1 and 2)
Applications

and further standard protocols

Suitable device 6MD85 / 6MD86


Synchrocheck Ethernet redundancy protocols
PMU Integrated control buttons
Breaker Failure Protection Removable terminal blocks
Autoreclosure Settable threshold for binary inputs
Overcurrent Protection 9 function keys
functions
Device

Over / Undervoltage Protection Standard functions for protection,


Over / Underfrequency protection control and monitoring
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Page 7 2013-03
Application Templates

Idea: Offer preconfigurations for typical applications


Faster Engineering
Learn how to use the functionality of the device
Expand and adapt the preconfiguration to your needs and save for future use

Application Templates contain:


Routings of Signals to BI, BO, measurements (minimum amout of device
hardware is precondition, see device manual)
CFC-plans for switchgear interlockings, switching sequences, voltage selection,

Display pages
LED signalling
Protection and automation functions (Breaker Failure, synchrocheck, )

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Page 8 2013-03
Application Templates
Content

6MD85 Standard: Double Busbar Feeder

1 Circuit Breaker (1pole open, 2pole close),


3 Disconnectors (each 2pole open, 2pole close),
Measurements (4 x U, 4 x I)
Interlocking conditions in CFC
Single Line Control page for large display

HW-Requirements: Base module, IO207,


large display (standard variant 2)
Function Point requirement: No FPs required

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Page 9 2013-03
Application Templates
Content

6MD85 Extended Control


Same Bay Type as Template 6MD85
Standard
Additional Functions:
CFC switching sequences:
Switchover of busbar initiated by
display element (40 function points)

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Page 10 2013-03
Application Templates
Content

6MD86
Standard Double Busbar
1,5CB Type 1 (1 device for the bay)

1,5CB Type 2 (2 devices for the bay)

Additionally available: Not configured for both device types

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Page 11 2013-03
The Smart Grid - Constant Energy in a World of Constant Change

SIPROTEC5 Control Function

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Control Function

Structure follows
IEC61850 model
Function Group
Circuit Breaker

Parameter:
Evaluation of: Interlocking Conditions
Switching authority (engineered in CFC)
Parameter: (local/remote)
Parameter: Command type,
Switching mode
Output time SW-Filter time,
(interlocked/uninterlocked)
Chatter blocking Feedbackmonitoring
Interlocking conditions
time, Double operation blocking
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Blocking by protection
Page 27 2013-03
3 Basic types of Circuit Breakers

Type 1: Circuit Breaker which allows


protection function

Type 2: Circuit Breaker which allows


only control function

Type 3: Circuit Breaker which allows


only status query (no control)

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Page 28 2013-03
Representation of Control Structur in DIGSI5
Example 1: Circuit Breaker

Representation of CB in routing matrix

XCBR

CSWI

CILO

New: Circuit Breaker includes CB-related protection function blocks

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Page 29 2013-03
Representation of Control Structur in DIGSI5
Example 2: Disconnector

CSWI

CILO

XSWI

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Page 30 2013-03
Engineering Basic Definitions

Function Blocks Settings


Signals Properties

Function
Group

Function
Block

Signal

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Page 31 2013-03
Representation of Control Structur in DIGSI5
Details of Circuit Breaker

- Select logging options (for example event log)


- For transmission from and to system interface

Possibility for external aquisition blocking

Physical position as connected to binary inputs


of device

For input into interlocking conditions

Physical output of commands as


Connected to binary outputs

- Use these signals for results of interlocking CFC plans

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Page 32 2013-03
Control related settings: Chatter blocking

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Page 33 2013-03
Control related settings:

Control model
Switching Authority
Interlocking conditions

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Page 34 2013-03
Control related settings:
Command Output times

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Page 35 2013-03
Sync check with voltage selection
CB1 selection logic

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Page 37 IC SG EA PRO LM1
Sync check with voltage selection
CB1 selection logic

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Page 38 IC SG EA PRO LM1
Sync check with voltage selection
CB1 selection logic

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Page 39 IC SG EA PRO LM1
Sync check with voltage selection
CB1 selection logic

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Page 40 IC SG EA PRO LM1
Sync check with voltage selection
Voltage measuring points

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Page 41 IC SG EA PRO LM1
Sync check with voltage selection
Voltage measuring points

Assignment of synchronisation point Vsync1(fix)


busbar 1 voltage MP V1-ph [ID 3]

Assignment of synchronisation point Vsync2 (variable)


feeder 1 voltage MP V3-ph [ID 2]
feeder 2 voltage MP V1-ph [ID 4]
busbar 2 voltage MP V1-ph [ID 6]

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Page 42 IC SG EA PRO LM1
Sync check with voltage selection
V sync select function

Matrix Library

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Page 43 IC SG EA PRO LM1
The Smart Grid - Constant Energy in a World of Constant Change

CFC and Interlocking

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Exercise 1:
Create Voltage Selection for Sync Check

Use 6MD85 with Application Template Standard

- Use new IO202 for connection of VT BA2


- Create FB Sync and FB V synch select for
CB QA1
- Create measuring points and assign them in the function
group connection
- Create CFC-chart for selection of VT for sync,
depending on position of disconnectors:

select BA1 when QB1 is closed


select BA2 when QB2 is closed
select BA1 when QB1 and QB2 are closed
do not synchronize when both QBs are open
do not synchronize when QBs have no valid position

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Page 50 2013-03
Solution Exercise 1

Create IO202
Create Voltage Measuring Point (1phase) and connect to new IO202
Create synchrocheck and voltage selection function blocks in FG QA1
Use editor function-group routing for routing of all voltage measuring points

to the Vsync inputs of QA1

Create CFC plan for selecting of vsync1 and vsync2

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Page 51 2013-03
Solution Exercise 1: Selection logic

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Page 52 2013-03
Solution Exercise 1: Selection logic

BOOL_INT

Data
Name Explanation Default
Type
Inputs IN1 BOOL Input value 1 0

IN2 BOOL Input value 2 0

IN3 BOOL Input value 3 0

IN4 BOOL Input value 4 0

MOD UINT Selection value for the mode: 1, 2, or 3 1

Output OUT UINT Output value 0 to 15, see value tables 0


Mode 1 IN1 IN2 IN3 IN4 OUT
0 0 0 0 0

not not not


1 1
relevant relevant relevant

not not
0 1 2
relevant relevant

not
0 0 1 3
relevant
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0 0 0 1 4
Page 53 2013-03
Solution Exercise 1: Selection logic

MUX_D

Name Data Type Explanation Default

Inputs IN1 DINT Input value 1 0

IN2 DINT Input value 2 0

IN3 DINT Input value 3 0

IN4 DINT Input value 4 0

K UINT Selection value 1

Outputs OUT DINT Value acc. to Selection value 0

Depending on a selection value, the MUX_D block transmits exactly one out of up to
4 whole-number input values to the output.

If a value lower than 1 is present, the value at input 1 is transmitted. If a value greater
than 4 is present, the value at input 4 is transmitted.

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Page 54 2013-03
Exercise 2:
Interlocking Conditions for Bus Coupler

Use 6MD85 type 2 with empty application template


Create one CB and 2 disconnectors
Create busbar coupler in display
Create interlocking conditions for all three switching devices:

QA1 can be opened and closed all the time


(QB1 and QB2 not in intermediate position)

QB1 or QB2 can be opened or


closed only if QA1 is open

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Page 55 2013-03
Solution Exercise 2

Hints:
Be sure to use signals from the right device in the project
Select CFC function chart task interlocking
To get more inputs in CFC blocks, deselect invisible for the inputs
in block properties
When ready, compile the plan to make it work in the device

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Page 56 2013-03
Solution Exercise 2

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Page 57 2013-03
Exercise 2a:
Simulation of correct switch positions

Use the same device and the same display screen


Create a CFC plan which sends (after execution of a switching command) the right
binary position information to the respective switching element (and keeps this
position till to the next switching command)
The position can be kept by Flip flops.
Use CFC task level Event triggered
The positions can be build up and given to the respective element using the
BUILD_DPS block:

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Page 58 2013-03
Exercise 2b:
Simulation of disconnector operating time

Disconnectors need a certain time to move from one end position to the other end position.
Using timers we can simulate the moving and so show on the display how the switching
elements are shown during their movement.

Use an operating time of 1s.

Add the appropriate timers to your CFC plan.

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Page 59 2013-03
Exercise 2c:
Setting open position after startup

CFC blocks cannot yet be set with a default value after start up.
A small trick is to use the device life contact signal and set the respective CFC blocks.

Extend your CFC chart using the device life contact signal after startup.

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Page 60 2013-03
Solution Exercise 2a:

BUILD_DPS
The BUILD_DPS block creates a double-point indication from 2 binary values.

Name Data Type Explanation Default

Inputs IS_ON BOOL Input value 1 0


IS_OFF BOOL Input value 2 0
BAD_00 BOOL 1: A 0 at both inputs at the same time is interpreted as a disturbed 0
position.
0: A 0 at both inputs at the same time is interpreted as an
intermediate position.
QL QUAL Quality information for the double-point indication to be created 16#0000
Output OUT SDPS *Quality of the created double-point indication: See value table DP:
*Value of the created double-point indication 16#0000
Q: 16#0000

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Page 61 2013-03
Solution Exercise 2a:

BUILD_DPS: Value Table

IS_ON IS_OFF BAD_00 OUT

0 0 0 Intermediate position
0 1 0 Off
1 0 0 On
1 1 0 Disturbed position

0 0 1 Disturbed position
0 1 1 Off
1 0 1 On
1 1 1 Disturbed position

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Page 62 2013-03
Solution Exercise 2a:

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Page 63 2013-03
Solution Exercise 2b:

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Page 64 2013-03
Solution Exercise 2c:

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Page 65 2013-03
Switching sequences in CFC

Relevant CFC-blocks:

DPC_DEF: Define which device shall be DPC_EXE: Execute operation


switched Check correct operation
Select direction (on/off) Supply feedback
Initiate operation

Use both blocks connected for one step in switching sequence

Connect OK of DPC_EXE with TRIG of DPC_DEF of successive switching command

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Page 66 2013-03
Switching sequences in CFC
ID: switching command (DPC)

EN_I: enabling of command


1: command output possible ID_OUT: Command forwarded from
0: command output canceled input ID
VAL:
1: close command EN_O: Enabling signal forwarded
0: open command from EN_I

SELECT: command selection


0: no selection before operate
2: SBO

OPERATE: command execution


1: command will be executed
0: command will not be executed ORIGIN: type of command cause
2: Field control
TRIG: Trigger with state change of signal 3: Substation control
4: Remote control
EDGE: definition of TRIG 5: Automatic field
1: trigger with both status changes 6: Automatic system
0: trigger only from 0 to 1 7: Remote automatic operation

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Page 67 2013-03
Switching sequences in CFC

ID: switching command (DPC)

EN_I: enabling of command


1: command output possible EN_O: Enabling signal forwarded
0: command output canceled from EN_I
CANCEL:
1: current command execution ACTIVE:
1: Command execution is active
is canceled
0: command is not canceled
SEL_OK:
1: Switching device has been
REL_x: removing of interlocking conditions
1: interlocking removed selected successfully
0: interlocking active
OK:
1: Command was executed
RQ_SYNC: switching with synchro check
1: synchro check is requested successfully
0: no synchro check request
ERR:
1: Unsuccessful command
PT: Delay time in milliseconds for output OK
execution

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Page 68 2013-03
Exercise 3:
Switching sequence

Create a switching sequence which switches the CB and the two disconnectors
off, triggered by Function Key F2

F2

Open QA1
Open QB1
Open QB2

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Page 69 2013-03
Solution Exercise 3

Create 2 SPS for start of sequence and for indication that it is


running. Create a user defined FG for these 2 SPS.
Connect start SPS with function key F2 in routing matrix
Create CFC chart with three switching sequence steps for the three
switching devices

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Page 70 2013-03
Solution Exercise 3:

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Page 71 2013-03
The Smart Grid - Constant Energy in a World of Constant Change

PMU and Wide Area Monitoring

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Benefits of Wide Area Monitoring
with SIGUARD PDP

Fast Monitoring System for


transmission and distribution
networks, showing events and trends
caused by heavy loaded lines or
fluctuating loadflows
Find the cause of disturbances with
intelligent applications like Power
Swing Recognition
Check and improve protection
settings

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Page 73 2013-03
Content
Introduction
SIPROTEC5 Phasor
Measurement Unit (PMU)
SIGUARD PDP
Wide Area Monitoring
Application
References
The SIGUARD Product Family

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Page 74 2013-03
Introduction
Why should we measure phasors?

Xs

U 1 U 2
P2 sin( ) U1 U2
Xs

This equation means that active power flow is proportional


to the phase angle difference between U1 and U2.

Thus it is possible to measure power flow without


complicated algorithms as state estimator, power flow etc.

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Page 75 2013-03
Phasor Measurement Unit

Idea: Increase awareness for dynamic


behaviour of transmission and
distribution network by timestamped
phasor measurements in realtime.

U1

U2

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Page 76 2013-03
Basics of Phasor Measurement

Measurements via RTU / Substation Synchrophasors via PMU


Automation

Update slowly (for example every 5 s) Continous update (measurement stream)


with for example 10 values per second (=
reporting rate)
No time correlation for measurements Every measurement has a timestamp

RMS values without phase angles Phasor values (Amplitude and phase
angle) for voltage and current

Dynamic View on Power Swings


and other dynamic phenomena
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Page 77 2013-03
SIGUARD Phasor Data Processor
How to measure phasors

GPS Signal

df
V, I, f ,
dt

IEEE C37.118

Requirement
time accuracy:
at 50Hz: 1ms
means 18 !
required: < 10s
GPS-Sync.
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Page 78 2013-03
PMU
The standard IEEE C37.118

At present, IEEE C37.118 is worldwide the only standard in electric energy


systems for the measurement of synchrophasors.

Specifications for the measurement and assignment of


synchrophasors:
Time reference= UTC (Universal Time Coordinated)
Angle reference = cos (0 if maximum at PPS-puls)
Reporting rate = 10Hz or 25Hz for nominal frequenzy 50Hz
Measuring error max. 1% TVE (Total Vector Error)
Communication model (structure of telegramms)

No specification for:
Speed of measuring
Measuring accuracy under transient conditions
Hardware / software of meter
Algorithm of measuring

The fixed specifications make a simple processing of synchrophasors of different


measuring systems possible, both in real time and offline.
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Page 79 2013-03
PMU
Further development of the standard IEEE C37.118

1) Requirements for dynamic behaviour of PMU


Splitting of the standard in
part 1 dynamic requirements and
part 2 communication protocol
New version IEEE C37.118 (2011) is released
2) Mapping to IEC61850
New standard IEC61850-90-5 (Use of IEC61850 to transmit synchrophasor
information according to IEEE C37.118) just released (as of May 2012)
For future PMUs and PDCs
Also for pure PMU-Applications (without PDC)

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Page 80 2013-03
Content
Introduction
SIPROTEC5 Phasor
Measurement Unit (PMU)
SIGUARD PDP
Wide Area Monitoring
Application
References
The SIGUARD Product Family

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Page 81 2013-03
SIPROTEC5
Typical PMU Device

Bay Controller 6MD85


6MD8
5
4 x VT
4 x CT (measurement)
11 BI, 8 BO
2 x Ethernet-module
1 x IEEE C37.118,1 x IEC61850 (optional)
Large Display (optional small)

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Page 82 2013-03
Function Group PMU
as Part of SIPROTEC5

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Page 83 2013-03
Stucture of Function PMU in SIPROTEC5

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Page 84 2013-03
Configuration of PMU in DIGSI5

1. Create an ethernet module in hardware configuration which is used seperately


for IEEE C37.118 Phasor Communication

ethernet module

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Page 85 2013-03
Configuration of PMU in DIGSI5

2. Configure protocol to IEEE C37.118 and set parameters

Protocol selection

Parameter selection

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Page 86 2013-03
Configuration of PMU in DIGSI5

3. Select channels to be transmitted

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Page 87 2013-03
Configuration of PMU in DIGSI5

4. Select source for time synchronization

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Page 88 2013-03
Content
Introduction
SIPROTEC5 Phasor
Measurement Unit (PMU)
SIGUARD PDP
Wide Area Monitoring
Application
References
The SIGUARD Product Family

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Page 89 2013-03
SIGUARD PDP
User Interface, Example

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Page 90 2013-03
SIGUARD PDP User Interface

Customer benefits:
Power system status curve
actual situation and history at
glance
Overview with coloured status on
map
Flexible configuration of
measurements for analysis of
events
Change from online to archive
mode by one click
Favourites for important UI
configurations
Support for multi-monitor system
Event List and Alarm List

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Page 91 2013-03
System Structure
SIGUARD Phasor Data Processor

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Page 92 2013-03
SIGUARD PDP
Components (1/2)

The SIGUARD PDP components are:

SIGUARD PDP Server with SIGUARD PDP Archive

The SIGUARD PDP server stores the information of the PMU devices and
makes it available to the other components. The SIGUARD PDP server stores
the information (measured values, events, and alarm indications) in an archive
and makes the further processing components, for example, SIGUARD PDP UI
available. The IEEE C37.118 protocol is used for communication with the
devices or another Phasor Data Concentrator.

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Page 93 2013-03
SIGUARD PDP
Components (2/2)

SIGUARD PDP ISD (Island State Detection)


This component evaluates frequency deviations and thereby detects the formation of an
island within the network.
SIGUARD PDP PSR (Power Swing Recognition)
This component checks for poorly damped or undamped power swings.
SIGUARD PDP VSC (Voltage Stability Curve)
This component shows the actual operating point on a voltage-power-curve.
SIGUARD PDP COM (Communication)
This component conveys the data and information via a IEEE C37.118 connection to
another PDP system (for example, a second SIGUARD PDP).
SIGUARD PDP UI (User Interface)
This component is the SIGUARD PDP user interface. You can use it to display and
analyze the information in online mode (real time) and offline mode (data from archive).
SIGUARD PDP Engineer
This component is the SIGUARD PDP parameterizing tool.

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Page 94 2013-03
Product Structure

SIGUARD PDP is a software product (like for exampleDIGSI5).


Delivery: DVD-Box, USB stick with license (we use ALM form Siemens Industry)

Typical Installation:

SIGUARD PDP Server on an industrial PC (for example SIMATIC rack PC 647B)

SIGUARD PDP User Interfaces on office PCs

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Page 95 2013-03
SIGUARD PDP
Power Swing Recognition - PSR

PSR What is this?


PSR means Power Swing Recognition
The data engineer can select two different types of observing objects:
A pair of PMU measured voltages, thus observing the phase angle
difference between the two PMU locations
Voltage and Current of one PMU location, thus observing the active power
measured on one particular line / of one particular generator
Those input data streams will be observed for characteristic oscillation
frequencies (0.1 2Hz or more). Found oscillations will be shown in a
diagram, in GoogleEarth map and as time curves (see following slides)

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Page 96 2013-03
SIGUARD PDP PSR
DOE

DOE = degree of exposure


A well damped oscillation with high magnitude is as dangerous
as a weak damped oscillation with small magnitude

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Page 98 2013-03
SIGUARD PDP PSR
Output of application

Following values will be send back to PDP for archiving and monitoring:

Input value (
U or P)
Per each identified power swing mode:
Frequency [Hz]
Magnitude [W or deg]
Damping ratio
Degree of exposure
Events (appearing / disappearing) for each detected oscillation mode;
significant changes will be sent as events also.

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Page 99 2013-03
SIGUARD PDP
Representation of PSR results in map

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Page 100 2013-03
SIGUARD PDP
PSR overview diagram

All identified oscillations will be shown in a frequency - damping - chart:

Damping 3%
Damping 5% Colour is set by DOE
Power Swing Recognition overview
(contains magnitude)
f / Hz

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2 Damping [1/s]


Damping [%] =
0.1 2f

-0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2


damping / 1/s

uncritical critical
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Page 101 2013-03
SIGUARD PDP
Selection of detailed PSR result curves in UI

All result values can be shown as charts (as


known from measurements)
Available curves per observing object:
Source signal
Per power swing mode:
Frequency
Magnitude
Damping ratio
Criticality (Degree of Exposure)
Additionally traffic light indication shows the
actual DOE per observing object and mode

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Page 102 2013-03
Content
Introduction
SIPROTEC5 Phasor
Measurement Unit (PMU)
SIGUARD PDP
Wide Area Monitoring
Application
References
The SIGUARD Product Family

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Page 103 2013-03
Application of Wide Area Monitoring

Support analysis of critical system status by control center experts


During disturbance: Fast and precise measurement display
After disturbance: Use PMU measurements to understand the dynamic
behaviour of the system to be able to improve it; create report.
Load monitoring (stress) of lines based on angle differences
Synchrophasors give a clear picture without the need of using system
topology data
Reference Phasor provides the view for the relevant difference
Clear indication of system separation
Example disturbance Nov 4th 2006, Europe: System separation was not
recognised by all TSOs immediately
Optimal loading of transmission corridors with Voltage-Power-Curve
Gives an actual picture of load situation and reserves
Check results of state estimation with real measurements

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Page 104 2013-03
Future applications

Synchrophasors as base for Wide Area Control System


Control of HVDC, FACTS as fast reaction to power swings based on
synchrophasor measurement
Algorithms will have a strong project specific component
Synchrophasors as base for Wide Area Protection System
Direct transmission of phasors between protection devices
Could improve reaction of protection device
PDC will probably not be involved

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Page 105 2013-03

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