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Computing
An opening caveat ...
This talk is based on speeches
at conferences, discussions
with people in industry, and
some experimentation.
A lot of people think they will
make a lot of money so there
is lots of hype!
But there seems to be
something fundamental going Some sun
on. behind the
clouds?
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Two Technologies for Agility
Virtualization:
The ability to run multiple operating systems
on a single physical system and share the
underlying hardware resources*
Cloud Computing:
The provisioning of services in a timely (near
on instant), on-demand manner, to allow the
scaling up and down of resources**
* VMware white paper, Virtualization Overview
** Alan Williamson, quoted in Cloud BootCamp March 2009
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
The Traditional Server Concept
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
And if something goes wrong ...
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
The Traditional Server Concept
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
The Traditional Server Concept
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
The Traditional Server Concept
Pros Cons
Easy to conceptualize Expensive to acquire and
Fairly easy to deploy maintain hardware
Easy to backup Not very scalable
Virtually any Difficult to replicate
application/service can be Redundancy is difficult to
run from this type of setup implement
Vulnerable to hardware
outages
In many cases, processor
is under-utilized
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
The Virtual Server Concept
Server Server
Clustering
1 2
Guest OS Guest OS
Service
Console
x86 Architecture
Intercepts
hardware
requests
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
The Virtual Server Concept
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
The Virtual Server Concept
Pros Cons
Resource pooling Slightly harder to
Highly redundant conceptualize
Highly available Slightly more costly (must
buy hardware, OS, Apps,
Rapidly deploy new
servers and now the abstraction
layer)
Easy to deploy
Reconfigurable while
services are running
Optimizes physical
resources by doing more
with less
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Virtualization Status
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Suppose you are Forbes.com
9 AM - 5 PM,
M-F
Rate of
Server
Accesses
ALL OTHER
TIMES
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Forbes' Solution
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Cloud computing takes
virtualization to the next step
You dont have to own the hardware
You rent it as needed from a cloud
There are public clouds
e.g. Amazon EC2, and now many others
(Microsoft, IBM, Sun, and others ...)
A company can create a private one
With more control over security, etc.
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Goal 1 Cost Control
Cost
Many systems have variable demands
Batch processing (e.g. New York Times)
Web sites with peaks (e.g. Forbes)
Startups with unknown demand (e.g. the
Cash for Clunkers program)
Reduce risk
Don't need to buy hardware until you need it
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Goal 2 - Business Agility
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Goal 3 - Stick to Our Business
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Any Nasty Details?
(loads of them!)
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
And One Really Important Caveat*
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
(footnote)
How come Amazon?
Grew out of efforts to manage Amazons
own services
(Each time you get a page from Amazon, over
a hundred servers are involved)
See reference Amazon Architecture on their
service design concepts
They got so good at it that they launched
Amazon Web Services (AWS) as a product
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing Status
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
So Whats the Take-Away?
20090909_VirtualizationAndCloud
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Where do we go from here?
20090909_VirtualizationAndCloud
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CT024-3-3- Distributed Computer Systems Virtualization and Cloud Computing