THE BRAIN

LO: EXPLAIN ONE STUDY

RELATED TO LOCALIZATION
OF FUNCTION IN THE BRAIN
LOF: THE IDEA THAT SPECIFIC LOCATIONS IN THE
BRAIN CONTROL SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS OR BEHAVIORS.
IN THE VIDEO, WATCH FOR:

WHAT HAPPENED TO PHINEAS GAGE?

WHAT KIND OF FUNCTIONS ARE CONTROLLED IN

THE OLD BRAIN?

WHAT KIND OF FUNCTIONS ARE CONTROLLED IN

THE LIMBIC SYSTEM?

WHAT KIND OF FUNCTIONS ARE CONTROLLED IN

THE NEW BRAIN?
DID YOU CATCH IT?
What happened to Phineas Gage?

What kind of functions are controlled in the old brain?

What kind of functions are controlled in the Limbic

System?

What kind of functions are controlled in the new brain?

DID YOU ALSO CATCH THESE? T/F?

We only use 10% of our brain.

The Brain requires 30% of all the bodys
energy.
Artistic people use the right side of their
brain more often than analytical people
LOOK AT THE BLA VOCAB LIST TO SEE
THE PARTS OF THE BRAIN YOU NEED TO
KNOW

SPEND 5/10 MINUTES WORKING WITH A

FRIEND TO TRY TO CREATE A
MNEMONIC (MEMORY TRICK) FOR
REMEMBERING THE FUNCTION OF THE
BRAIN
STUDYING THE BRAIN: THE HARVARD
BRAIN BANK
the brain results in a drastic loss in its corresponding function.

ONE OF THE FIRST:

This view can be contrasted with the generalization view that functions are widespread and spread across
large regions of the brain so that damage to any one small area causes only minimal loss of function. We know
BROCA AND THE CASE OF TAN (1861)
a great deal about brain localization from studies of patients with brain injury.

Broca ( 1861 ) Case study of Tan

The process of identifying the parts of the brain that are involved in language began in
1861, when Paul Broca, a French neurosurgeon, examined the brain of a recently
deceased patient who had had an unusual language disorder. Though he had been
able to understand spoken language and did not have any motor impairments of the
mouth or tongue that might have affected his ability to speak, he could neither speak a
complete sentence nor express his thoughts in writing. The only articulate sound he
could make was the syllable tan, which had come to be used as his name.

When Broca autopsied Tans brain, he found a sizable lesion in the left frontal lobe. Subsequently, Broca
studied eight other patients, all of whom had problems producing speech but were able to understand it. All
had similar language deficits along with lesions in their left frontal lobe an area of the brain later known as
Brocas area. This led him to conclude that there was a specific area of brain was associated with language.
This condition became known as Brocas aphasia. Tans brain is embalmed and preserved in a museum in
Paris, and the damaged area is clearly visible. (thebrain.mcgill.ca) ( Eysenck, p. 404)

Wernicke ( 1874 )A decade later Carl Wernicke, a German neurologist, identified a syndrome with the
STORY TIME
A KEY STUDY FOR LOCALIZATION OF
FUNCTION
THE CASE OF HM

LISTEN