Introduction

Fatigue fracture of several engineering components such as transmission

shafts, pipes and springs occurs under combined torsional and axial
loading. Notches or stress concentrations are the common site of crack
initiation and usually weaken the fatigue strength of components.
The assessment of the notch weakening effect on the fatigue strength and
life is essential in fatigue designs.
The fatigue life of notched bars was found to be longer than that of smooth
bars, and to increase with increasing stress concentration factor under the
same amplitude of the nominal shear stress.
In torsional fatigue of circumferentially notched bars, a factory roof type
fracture surfaces are formed under low stress cycling and the sliding
contact of fracture surfaces causes the retardation of crack propagation
 At high stress cycling, flat fracture surfaces are formed and the crack
retardation due to sliding contact is less pronounced.
Cracks formed near notches decelerate and then stop at low stress amplitudes
Non-propagating cracks are usually found near notches in unbroken
specimens fatigued at the fatigue limit.
A number of different multi-axial predictive models have recently been
proposed in the technical literature to deal with notches of different
geometry, capable of provoking stress concentrations of different severity.
A non-conventional extension of the Wohler curve has been presented by
Susmel and Lazzarin for the design of components weakened by blunt
notches. The modified Wohler curve plots the fatigue strength in terms of the
maximum macroscopic shear stress amplitudes, the reference plane being
thought of as coincident with the fatigue micro-crack initiation plane.
The position of the fatigue strength curve also depends on the stress
component normal to such a plane and the phase angle as well.
 Literature Review

Celalettin Karaagac[ 1]: In this paper is concerned with the fracture

analysis of an agitator shaft of a large vessel and predicting its high cycle
fatigue life. The agitator shaft has a circumferential notch around it and is
subjected to remote bending and torque created by the mixing operation.

R. Rihan [2] :In this paper a novel fracture mechanics technique has been
employed for the determination of crack growth rate and threshold stress
intensity factor (KIscc) for stress corrosion cracking (SCC) using small
circumferential notch tensile (CNT) specimens. The technique was applied
successfully for testing SCC susceptibility of spheroidal graphite (SG) cast
iron in 5M NaOH at 100 and 120 C. Crack growth rate of SG cast iron in
5M NaOH solution at 100 and 120 C has been determined at different
stress intensity factors (KI), and the KIscc have been determined to be 11.2
and 9MPam1/2, respectively.
P. Lazzarin [3]: In this paper closed form solutions for the stress fields created by
a semi-elliptic circumferential notch in an axi-symmetric shaft under torsional
loading are developed. The boundary value problem has been formulated by an
approach using complex potential functions and the natural elliptic coordinate
system.

R.K. Singh Raman [4]: In this paper a fracture mechanics-based novel approach,
i.e. circumferential notch tensile (CNT) testing has been employed for
determination of threshold stress intensity factor for susceptibility of engineering
materials to stress corrosion cracking (KISCC) using small specimens.

M. Zappalorto [5]: This paper deals with the determination of analytical

expressions for the mode III notch stress intensity factors for circumferentially-
sharply-notched rounded bars under torsion loading, starting from the theoretical
stress concentration factors of the corresponding notch problem.
David Taylor [6]: This paper is the first of a two-part series reporting an
experimental and theoretical study of the fracture of circumferentially
notched samples of a commercial aluminium alloy, i.e. Al6082, subjected to
tension, torsion and mixed tension/torsion loading.

N.V. Londe [7]: This paper contributes to the evaluation of plain-strain

fracture toughness (KIC) of Al 2014-T6 alloy with a new technique, which
is based on the fracture mechanics approach.

Mehmet Firat [8]: In this paper a cyclic plasticity model suitable for
fatigue damage modelling of metallic structures is presented and its finite
element (FE) implementation is described within the small strain plasticity
framework.
F. Berto [9]: All static tests are carried out at room temperature under torsion
loading conditions. Semi-circular notches as well as U- and V-notches (with
an opening angle equal to 120_) are considered, with a root radius ranging
from 0.1 to 7.0 mm. Plots of torque loads versus twist angles are recorded
varying the notch root radius and the notch depth. In all cases static failure
occurs under large scale yielding conditions.

K. Tanaka et al [10]: In this paper a Circumferentially notched bars of

austenitic stainless steel, SUS316L, and carbon steel, SGV410, with three
different notch-tip radii were fatigued under cyclic torsion without and with
static tension. The torsional fatigue life of SUS316L was found to increase
with increasing stress concentration under the same nominal shear stress
amplitude. Electrical potential monitoring revealed that the crack initiation
life decreased with increasing stress concentration, while the crack
propagation life increased. This anomalous notch-strengthening effect was
ascribed to the larger retardation of fatigue crack propagation by sliding
contacts of fracture surfaces.
 Literature Gap

From the above literature review[1-10], It is observed that many

researchers were calculated the crack growth length SIF(stress
intensity factor) and fracture toughness for circumferential round
cracked specimen perpendicular to the axis of the work specimen.

This work focus on calculate the crack growth length, SIF and
fracture toughness for CCRB EN90 steel specimen with inclined 1
mm V-notch groove.
 Objective
Selection of EN90 steel

Preparation of specimen as per the ASTM standards

Experiment is carried out on R-R moore fatigue testing machine applying

the bending load. M1>M2>M3>M4 for N1<N2<N3<N4

Measuring the crack growth length using SEM

Calculation of SIF and fracture toughness

 Methodology

Selection of material

Preparation of model using cad software

Manufacturing of specimens (20 nos.)

Testing on RR moore fatigue strength machine

Measuring the CGL using SEM

Calculation of SIF and fracture toughness