3DMARINE GEOMETRY

OVERVIEW of PROCESSING METHODOLOGY

Introduction
This 3D MARINE GEOMETRY tutorial is provided as a
production workflow from reformat through to creation
of fold maps from the seismic data.
The presentation also details a suggested workflow for
deriving a Claritas .3dgrid file for use with the BIN3D
module.
The tutorial also provides useful examples for how to use
JCS to industrialise Claritas job flows for multi line 2D
or 3D.

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How to Restore a Claritas Archive file.
Claritas tutorials are generally supplied as self contained project
archives, created by the ARCHIVE option under the launchers
PROJECT tab.
To RESTORE a Claritas Archive (*.ca) select the RESTORE option
on the project tab. The following are the key parameters from
the form:_
The Project Parent Directory parameter defines where you wish to
output the restored project to.
The Archive filenameto unpack parameter defines where to read
the *.ca file from.
The Project Name parameter allows you to define the name to save
the project as.
The Data Parent directory parameter allows you to optionally define
a disk area for the seismic data only.

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Input Dataset

Data supplied are single sample Claritas internal format

datasets after reformat from SegD. Six datasets are
included, and contain all 61 saillines as concatenated
onto LTO tapes.

Shotpoint Interval : 25 Metre Flip-Flop

Group Interval : 12.5 Metres
Number of Channels : 6x240
Cable Length : 3000 Metres
Data Length : 2ms
Sample Rate : 2ms

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Job 00 - Reformat

Initial job flow for the supplied production processing

sequence reformats from standard SegD format to
Claritas internal format, the following additional
processing is applied.
Data is truncated to 1 sample.
Key headers MIN/MAX values are listed using the
range module.
Reformat QC job then lists key headers for channel 1
on every shotid. SHOTID header has been
renumbered from 1 sequentially for all shots on each
tape. This enables extraction of individual saillines from
concatenated datasets.

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Defining a 3D GRID file.
In this example we will take four corner points for the
survey from the P190 navigation files for the HB3D
survey.
For new acquisition this could be collated from the survey
pre-plot information.
These corner points should then be plotted on an excel
spreadsheet (open office equivalent).
Then using the plot, define a suitable origin point and angle
in degrees or second xy coordinate position on the
same inline as the origin.
Take care to ensure that origin is specified such that no
data falls outside the defined grid, as this would not be
binned.

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Example Excel plot

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 3D GRID Definition Utility
Information defined in the EXCEL
spreadsheet can be transposed into
the 3D Grid definition utilities param
form.
INLINE_CDP parameter defines how the
Claritas 3D CDP number can be
broken down into its constituent
INLINE and CROSSLINE numbers.
Typically INLINE_CDP = 10000
Inline & Crossline range parameters define
min and max values for IL and XL
these can be over specified.
Inline & Crossline spacing defined in
metres.

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Job01 Nav-Seis merge and Binning.
The initial job flow reads in datasets output from READSEGD, selects
data volumes related to particular SAILLINES, creates desired
headers such as Line_SEQ, SAILLINE and Gun Mask etc.
The NAVHDR module is required in the job flow as this creates some
key headers which are used by ADDP190. These are as follows:-
SAILLINE : 16 Character line name i.e. 1630P1-001, 1630R1-
005 1630I1-010, supports alphanumeric character strings.
LINE_SEQ : Acquisition sequence number ie 001, 005 or 010.
SEISTIME : Time of shot from the Acquisition system in
Julian seconds derived from day, hour, minute, second
seismic trace headers.
NAVTIME : Time of shot from the navigation P1/90 files, also
in Julian seconds.

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Job01 Nav-Seis merge and Binning.
SEISGUN : Gun-code if available taken from seismic trace
header.
NAVGUN : Gun-code taken from navigation P1/90 files.
CABLENO : Cable-number from P1/90 files.
CABLETR : Sequential trace count within the cable/channelset.
GUNCABLE : Concatenation of seisgun and cablenumber in order
that unique 2D sailline profiles can be extracted from any 3D
sailline.
The created SAILLINE/LINE_SEQ headers are used to match the
correct navigation data to the supplied seismic line. SEISTIME
along with SHOTID are used when merging navigation into the
seismic trace header on a shot by shot basis or confirm the validity
of the data merge along with SEISGUN.
The additional headers CABLENO, CABLETR and GUNCABLE
are used to apply processes to individual 2D shot gathers, or for
QC purposes.

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Job01 Nav-Seis merge and Binning.
The ADDP190 requires an .sfl list file containing input P190
datasets and creates *.navline file which lists
SAILLINES and MIN/MAX SHOTID or NAVTIME for the
lines encompassed by the supplied P190 files.

Navigation can be merged with seismic data based on

shotpoint or timestamp.

The quality of the merge can be checked based on Shotpt,

Time, Shotpt & Guncode (Mask) and Time and
Guncode.

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Job01 Nav-Seis merge and Binning.

As well as writing the Shot and Receiver XY coordinates

into the trace headers it also creates a unique SP
number which is a concatenation of the SHOTID
header and the Line Sequence number, this can be
written to a user specified header word to create a
unique SP number.

The ADDP190 module also outputs *.sht and *.txy files

which contain source position and receiver position XY
coords. This information if required can be input into the
Claritas Geometry application in order to generate a
fold map from navigation rather than seismic data.

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Job01 Nav-Seis merge and Binning.
The following headers are created or updated by ADDP190:-
The following seismic trace headers are always updated by
ADDP190:-
SOURCE_X SOURCE_Y REC_X REC_Y OFFSET
SOURCE_WATER
Additionally the following extended trace headers can also be
updated if required:-
D_LON D_LAT D_SRC_X D_SRC_Y
D_REC_X D_REC_Y F_OFFSET F_WATERDEP
F_CABLEDEP VESSELID TAILBUOYID NAVTIME
NAVGUN CABLENO CABLETR GUNCABLE
The headers pre-fixed D_ are double precision integer format,
and F_ are floating point format headers.

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Job01 Nav-Seis merge and Binning.
The BIN3D module uses the previously created 3dgrid
definition to bin the supplied traces based on the
Source and Receiver XY coordinates.
The 3D CDP Grid can be supplied in the form of a .
3dgrid file as previously covered or as Claritas
.geom file from the geometry application.
The module writes the following seismic trace
headers:-
CDP INLINE CROSSLINE CDPTRACE
CDP-X CDP-Y
In addition a number of extended trace headers can be
created.
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Job01 Nav-Seis merge and Binning.
BIN3D also has the capability to create the following
dynamic trace headers if required:-
GC_SOURCE_X GC_SOURCE_Y
GC_REC_X GC_REC_Y
GC_CDP_X GC_CDP_Y
These will contain the rotated grid coordinates of
the source, receiver and CDP bin centres in IEEE4
format.

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Job02 Partial Stack.
Once the data has been binned and navigation applied
to the headers we then move onto stacking the
data in order to create fold maps and other QCs.
The initial job reads the output from JOB01 and
performs a partial stack on a sailline by sailline
basis.
The Claritas HORI_SUM header contains on output
the stack fold for each CDP on output, with the
stack scalar also optionally preserved in the
STACK_LIVE dynamic trace header.

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Job02 Full Volume Stack.
Using DISCGATHM read in all 60 sailline datasets into
a single processing flow and using the various
HEADER manipulation capabilities available
generate the desired headers which will be used to
generate the Fold and other QC maps required.

The output dataset is then used as input for the

JOB02_FV_AREAL.job. This job outputs QC
displays which allow the user to check the stack
fold, and where holes exist try and correlate with
the SAILLINE/LINE_SEQs processed.

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Producing a Fold map from the P190 data.
If required you can generate a Fold Map from the
UKOOA P1/90 data.

Initially the raw P1/90 files need to be reformatted to

inputs suitable for the Geometry applications.

This can be done using either the P190->SHTTXY

utility, or using the outputs from ADDP190 which
also generate .SHT and .TXY files.

The individual SHT or TXY files need to be merged

which can be done using the UNIX cat command.
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Producing a Fold map from the P190 data.
If required you can generate a Fold Map from the
UKOOA P1/90 data.

Initially the raw P1/90 files need to be reformatted to

inputs suitable for the Geometry applications.

This can be done using either the P190->SHTTXY

utility, or using the outputs from ADDP190 which
also generate .SHT and .TXY files.

The individual SHT or TXY files need to be merged

which can be done using the UNIX cat command.
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P190->SHTTXY utility.
Only mandatory parameters are
for Input and Output datasets.

I would recommend defining the

no of Channels and supplying a
multiplier for the Sequence
number.

The Sequence Number

multilpier defines how a unique
SP number is defined,
particularly useful for 3D surveys
where each Sailline will have
similar SP numbers.

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Geometry Application
Initial input to the geometry application is the
concatenated .sht file.

On input you are likely to be asked if you would like to

sort the .sht file, if yes you will create a new .sht file
which will be saved to the GEOMETRY partition of
the project.
Sorting may provide faster input if you reload the data
later on.
Then select create 3D geometry database from the
Make menu, this reads in the .txy file associated
with the original input .sht file.
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Geometry Application - Continued
Before creating 3D CDP gathers, you must first define
your 3D bin grid using the specify 3D grid option
from the HITPOINTS menu. The applicable options
are to a) define based on Origin and IL/XL azimuth
(in degrees), or b) based on Origin and IL/XL
coordinates.
The HITPOINTS (Grid) can then be plotted on the
Geometry Applications Map grid to confirm its
suitability.
Once you are happy with your grid definition you can
move onto the next step in the Geometry process.

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Geometry Application - Continued
From the MAKE drop down menu select 3D CDP
Gather, and parameterise the pop up form as
required for your dataset, correctly defining
inline/crossline increments in metres.
Once you have accepted the parameters the
application goes of an bins the data according to
your supplied grid and parameters.
When the binning process is complete a pop up
diagnostic window will appear providing first level
QC of the binning process. Allowing you to identify
where the binning process maybe compromised.
Further interactive QC can be carried out using the
different display options for the Map interface.
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Comments

All Master job decks and JCS files are provided for this
tutorial, suggested workflows for deriving the 3dgrid
files are our preferred methodologies, you may develop
or have your own workflows.

When you have finished working through the tutorials you

should have produced a fold map for the HB3D survey.

The tutorial should also supply you with robust example

workflows you would need to generate fold map for
your own projects.

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