14.

2
14.2DC
DCMotors
Motors
FORWARD

BACK BASIC STRUCTURE OF DC MOTOR

HOME
STATOR IS STATIONARY / DOES NOT MOVE
FIRST
SLIDE INSTALLED TO FRAME OR YOKE
LAST FIELD WINDING INSTALLED
SLIDE
PRODUCED MAGNETIC FIELDS FLUX

ROTOR ROTATION PART

CENTRAL PART OF MACHINE
CONNECTED TO THE SHAFT
 DC
DCMachines
Machines
FORWARD
Outside part of machine does Central part of
BACK not move, is stationary machine rotates

HOME
Is called stator Is called Rotor
FIRST
SLIDE

LAST
SLIDE

Shaft will
Held stationary rotate within
through vibration some form of
damping bearing.
attachments
 Main Parts of DC Motor
FORWARD

BACK CARBON
BRUSHES
HOME

FIRST
SLIDE

LAST COMMUTATOR MAIN PARTS

SLIDE OF DC ARMATURE
MOTOR

FIELD WINDING
 Main Parts of DC Motor

FORWARD
(a) ARMATURE
BACK
ROTATION PART
HOME RECEIVE ELECTRICAL
FIRST ENERGY
SLIDE
PARTS OF ARMATURE :
LAST
SLIDE

(i) ARMATURE CORE

(ii) ARMATURE
WINDING
(iii) SLOT
 Main Parts of DC Motor

FORWARD

ARMATURE
BACK

HOME Armature core functions as electromagnet

Armature magnetic field will react with stator
FIRST
SLIDE magnetic field to produce rotation force
LAST
SLIDE
Field winding current flow produces
electromagnetic armature core

Slot armature winding are placed

to separate armature to a few
segment
 Main Parts of DC Motor

FORWARD
(b). COMMUTATOR
BACK
Function to supply current from source
HOME to the armature through carbon brush.
Cylindrical components
FIRST
SLIDE Fitted with the shaft
LAST Made of wedge shaped segments of hard-
SLIDE
drawn copper.
The armature coils end are connected to the
to the commutator
 Main Parts of DC Motor

FORWARD
(c). FIELD POLE
BACK
Functioning to produce permanent magnetic field
HOME
Small DC motor uses permanent magnet as a field
FIRST
SLIDE
pole
LAST Large DC motor uses electromagnet (field winding)
SLIDE
as a field pole.
- Field winding produce a strong electromagnetic
field.
 Main Parts of DC Motor

FORWARD
Carbon Brushes
BACK

HOME

FIRST
SLIDE

LAST
SLIDE

Functioning to connect a
rotation electrical circuit to a
stator part of motor.
Shape small carbon block
To carry the current from or
to armature winding.
 Principal Operation of DC Motor

FORWARD

BACK
Basic operation of DC Motor is based on the
interaction between two magnetic fields (field
HOME windings and armature windings)
FIRST
Permanent magnetic field react with armature
SLIDE magnetic field to produce torque.
LAST
SLIDE
Torque

Force to rotate the armature

Its strength depends on the strength of both
magnetic field
 Produce of Torque

FORWARD

BACK

HOME

FIRST
SLIDE

LAST
SLIDE

Magnetic flux produced between two field

 Produce of Torque

FORWARD

BACK

HOME

FIRST
SLIDE

LAST
SLIDE

Magnetic flux produced by armature conductor

 Produce of Torque
FORWARD
Right Hand Rule
BACK

HOME

FIRST
SLIDE

LAST
SLIDE
 Produce of Torque
FORWARD

BACK

HOME

FIRST
SLIDE

LAST
SLIDE

Interaction between field flux and

conductor flux will produce a torque in
a conductor
 Produce of Torque
FORWARD
Diagram shows the reaction of field flux and armature
BACK
conductor flux.
Torque is produced
HOME The direction of force can be determined using
FIRST Flemming left hand rules.
SLIDE

LAST
SLIDE
 Basic Operation of DC Motor

FORWARD

BACK

HOME

FIRST
SLIDE

LAST
SLIDE

When a coil at 0o position

The current passes through a coil in pqrs direction.
Magnetic force produces torque.
The coil will rotates in a clock wise direction until it reaches at
90o position.
 Basic Operation of DC Motor
FORWARD

BACK

HOME

FIRST
SLIDE

LAST
SLIDE At 90o position, the current stop
flowing in a coil.
The torque has no longer exist.
Rotating momentum in armature causes the coil to rotates
further until it passes 90o position.
When the rotation of coil passes 90o position (90o 180o),
current flows again in srqp direction.
 Basic Operation of DC Motor
FORWARD
The torque produced again
r in the same direction with
BACK

s
the original position (0 - 90o)
HOME
q The process continues
FIRST
SLIDE Armature consists of more
p than one coil
LAST
SLIDE
The number of coil
determine the torque
strength
When the armature rotates in a magnetic field, voltage induced.
The direction is against the source voltage, as stated in :
-Faradays Law :
-Lenzs Law:
 Back Electromotive Force (emf)

FORWARD

When the armature rotates, its winding intersects

BACK
the magnetic fields and produces reverse
HOME
electromotive force.
FIRST
SLIDE This voltage opposes the supply voltage direction.
LAST
SLIDE
Reverse electromotive force directly proportional
to motor speed and magnetic flux

Reverse electromotive force determine the amount

of current flows to the armature winding.
 Basics circuits of DC motor

FORWARD

BACK
Series Shunt
HOME DC Motor DC Motor
FIRST
SLIDE

LAST
SLIDE
Basics circuits
of DC motor

Compound
DC Motor
 Basics circuits of DC motor

FORWARD
Series DC Motor Field windings and armature
windings are connected
BACK
series to a power source.
Field winding
HOME Armature winding When the power is supplied,
FIRST
there are no back emf in
SLIDE armature.
LAST
SLIDE
This will enable a high
starting current to flow in
both winding.
Winding connection
Produce a high starting
torque
Usage crane, belt
conveyer, CNC machine etc.

Circuit
 Basics circuits of DC motor

FORWARD
Shunt DC Motor Field windings and
BACK armature windings are
Field winding Armature winding connected parallel to a
HOME
power source.
FIRST
SLIDE
The current in field
winding is at a constant
LAST
SLIDE meanwhile, the armature
current is depend to back
emf.
Constant speed
Usage sprayer motor
etc
 Basics circuits of DC motor
FORWARD
Compound DC Motor Consists of two field
BACK winding
Armature
Series field winding winding Combine the
HOME
Shunt field winding characteristic of series
FIRST and Shunt DC motor.
SLIDE

LAST The number of series

SLIDE windings is less than
shunt winding.
good starting torque
Constant speed
Usage overload
machine, cutting machine,
blender etc.
 Reversing The Direction of Armature Rotation

FORWARD
Series Motor
BACK

HOME

FIRST
SLIDE Basic circuit
LAST
SLIDE

Reversing the armature

winding connection

Reversing the field

winding connection
 Reversing The Direction of Armature Rotation
FORWARD
Shunt Motor
BACK

HOME

FIRST
SLIDE

LAST
SLIDE

Reversing the
armature winding
connection

Reversing the field

winding connection
 Reversing The Direction of Armature Rotation
FORWARD
Compound Motor
BACK

HOME

FIRST
SLIDE

LAST
SLIDE

Reversing the armature

winding connection

Reversing the field

winding connection
 APPLICATION

FORWARD

BACK
Electric
Scooter
HOME

FIRST
SLIDE

LAST
SLIDE Electric APPLICATION OF Radiator
Wheel DC MOTOR Fan
Chair

CPU Cooler
Fan