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AN ALTERNATE FUEL
Dr. J. P. Nath
Baripada
What are Biofuels ?
Renewable fuels from bio sources
Include
Ethanol
Biodiesel
Bio-hydrogen
Biogases
WHY BIOFUELS?
SUSTAINABILITY
POLLUTION THREAT
SECURITY OF SUPPLY
FIRST USE OF PEANUT OIL IN
1895 BY DR RUDOLF DIESEL
The use of vegetable
oils for engine fuels
may seem insignificant
today. But such oils
may become in course
of time as important as
petroleum and the coal
tar products of the
present time."
France 328,000
Germany 246,000
Italy 78,000
Austria 27,600
Belgium 20,000
Total 700,600
JMU-07/01
Biodiesel Production
1,000
900
800
700
600
Mil gal
500
400
300
200
100
0
2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015
TOTAL 98 74 73 61 66 96 __
WHAT IS BIODIESEL ?
Biodiesel is vegetable oil processed to
resemble Diesel Fuel
High Cetane
High lubricity
Comparable BTU content
Readily mixes with diesel
Ready to use in diesel run engines
IMPORTANCE OF BIODIESEL
Environment friendly
Clean burning
Renewable fuel
No engine modification
Increase in engine life
Biodegradable and non-toxic
Easy to handle and store
BIODIESEL
Beef tallow (Ireland), lard, used frying oil (Austria), Jatropha (Nicaragua &
South Americas), Guang-Pi (China)
BASIC REACTION
Fossil CO2
Release to Atmosphere
Refining
Renewable CO2
Biodiesel Production
BUS POWERED ALTERNATIVE FUELS
WIDE ACCEPTANCE
EXXON STUDY
B20 PROVIDE, SIGNIFICANT, QUANTIFIABLE IMPROVEMENTS IN WEAR
FILM FORMING ABILITY 93% FILM (B20); 32% FILM (DIESEL)
B100 0.50
BIODIESEL IS REALITY NOW
An increase of $1 per barrel of crude oil prices adds $425 million to our oil
import bill
Oil import constitutes a major part of our trade deficit and has an
enormous impact on our economy and creation of new jobs
The US dept of Energy estimates that each $billion of trade deficit costs
the US 27,000 jobs
Oil pool deficit & Subsidies Rs 16,000 crores , Rs 18,440 crores (1996-97)
Our domestic production would meet only 33% of demand at the end of
10th plan and only 27% by 2010-11
India with just 2.4% of global area supports more than 16% of the human
population and 17% of the cattle population
IF
10 MILLION HECATRES OF WASTE LAND IS BROUGHT UNDER
JATROPHA CULTIVATION
Can yield 15 million tons of seed (@1.5 Tons / Hectare )
4.0 million tons of oil
An equivalent amount of biodiesel, almost one tenth requirement of
diesel in the country
Enormous employment generation potential in rural areas
If only 1 person/family is employed per 5 hectares for jatropha cultivation,
additional 2 million new jobs
200 new extraction units of 250 tpd capacity to crush the seeds
11 Million tons of excellent organic manure
0.4 million tons of technical grade glycerol
Effect on Rural Economy
Seed price Rs. 4/Kg.
Seed yield 3000Kg / hectare.
5 hectare plantation / family.
60,000 Rs / year income.
Additionally :
Waste lands converted to productive national assets.
Creation of jobs in downstream processing.
GAINFUL employment in rural sector.
Contribution to national energy pool.
INDIAN INITIATIVE ON BIODIESEL