Measure

s of
Variation
Variationis a way to showhow
data is dispersed, or spread
out. Several measures of
variation are used in statistics.
RANGE
A range is one of the most basic measures of
variation.
It is the difference between the smallest data
item in the set and the largest.

Formula:
Range = Maximum Value- Minimum Value
Example:
73, 79, 84, 87, 88, 91, 94

94- maximum value

73- minimum value

Range = Maximum Value- Minimum Value

94-73
Range =
2
1
Quartile Deviation
We know about median, which divide the
whole data set into two equal parts, one part
less than median and the other is greater than
median.

Formula:
Quartile deviation= Q3-Q1
2
Example
Calculate the Quartile Deviation for a group of
data, 241,521,421,250,300,365,840,958.

Step 1:
First, arrange the given digits in ascending order
= 241,250,300,365,421,521,840,958; (n) = 8.
Step 2:
Calculate the center value (n/2) for the given data
{241,250,300,365,421,521,840,958}. n=8
n/2 = 8/2
n/2 = 4th
From the given data,
{241,250,300,365,421,521,840,958 } the fourth
Step 3:
Now, find out the n/2+1 value.
n/2 +1
= 4+1
=5th
From the given data,
{ 241,250,300,365,421,521,840,958 } the fifth
value is 421.

Step 4:
From the given group of data,
{241,250,300,365,421,521,840,958 }
Consider, First four values Q1 = 241,250,300,365
Last four values Q3 = 421,521,840,958
Step 5:
Now, let us find the median value for Q1.
Q1= {241,250,300,365}
250+300
550/2
=275

Step 6:
Let us now calculate the median value for Q3.
Q3= {421,521,840,958}
521+840
1361/2
= 680.5
Step 7:

Now, find the median value between Q3 and

Q1. Quartile Deviation =Q3-Q1/2
680.5 - 275
2

= 202.75
Mean Absolute Deviation
The absolute deviation of a data set is
defined as the average of the absolute
deviations of each value, thusit is also
known as anaverage absolute
deviation.
Formula:
Mean Deviation = |x - |
N
Example
The maximum speeds of eight roller
coasters are 58,88,40,60,72,66,80 and 48.
N= 8

Step 1: Find the mean.

58+88+40+60+72+66+80+48
8
512
8
= 64
Step 2: Find the absolute value of the
differences between each value in the data
set and the mean.

|64- 58| = 6
|64- 88|= 16
|64- 40|= 24
|64- 60|= 4
|64- 72|= 16
|64- 66|= 2
|64- 80|= 24
|64- 48|= 16
Step 3: Find the average of the absolute
values of the differences between each
value in the data set and the mean

16+24+2+16+4+24+16+6
8
100
8
= 12.5
Standard Deviation

The Standard Deviation is a measure ofhow

spread out numbers are.
Formula:
Variance
Average Deviation"
The range only involves the smallest and
largest numbers, and it would be desirable to
have a statistic which involved all of the data
values.
The first attempt one might make at this is
something they might call the average
deviation from the mean and define it as:
The problem is that this summation is always
zero. So, the average deviation will always be
zero. That is why the average deviation is
Variance

Formula:
2= ( Xi-X)2
N
2= variance
(X - )2= The sum of (X - )2for all
data points
N= the number of values
Example
You and your friends have just measured the
heights of your dogs (in millimeters)
The heights (at the shoulders) are: 600mm,
470mm, 170mm, 430mm and 300mm.

Step 1: Find the mean.

Mean = 600 + 470 + 170 + 430 + 300
5
= 1970
5
= 394
Step 2: Calculate each dog's difference from the
Mean
600- 394 = 206
470- 394 =76
170- 394=-224
430- 394=36
300- 394= -94
Step 3: To calculate the Variance, take each
difference, square it, and then average the result:
Variance: = 206 +76+(-224) + 36+ (-94 )
5
=42,436+ 5,776+ 50,176+ 1,296+ 8836
5
= 108, 520 =21,704
5
Standard Deviation
The Standard Deviation is a measure of how
spread out numbers are.
Its symbol is(the Greek letter sigma)
The formula is easy: it is thesquare rootof
theVariance

2= ( Xi-X)2
N
Example
Step 1: Find the mean.
Mean = 600 + 470 + 170 + 430 + 300
5
= 1970
5
= 394
Step 2. Then for each number: subtract the
Mean and square the result
600- 394 = 206 = 42,436
470- 394 =76 = 5,776
170- 394=-224 = 50,176
430- 394=36 = 1,296
300- 394= -94 = 8836
Step 3. Then work out the mean of those
squared differences.
206 +76+(-224) + 36+ (-94 )
5
=42,436+ 5,776+ 50,176+ 1,296+ 8836
5
= 108, 520
5
=21,704

Step 4. Take the square root of the result.

= 21,704
= 147.32
GROUP 4
Malijan, Felix
Mallorca, Louis
Mangubat, Divine
Faith
Maya, Fatima
Mendoza, Michaela
Ocampo, Babylyn
Olympiada, Mary
Khrys