GROWTH AND

DEVELOPMENT
ASSESSMENT OF
PRESCHOOLER
 INTRODUCTION:-
The combined biologic, psychosocial, cognitive and
spiritual and social achievements during preschool
period prepare preschooler for their most significant
change in lifestyle entrance into school.
BIOLOGIC DEVELOPMENT:-
The average weight:-14kg at 3 years
16.7 kg at 4years
18.7kgat 5 years
The average weight gain remains approximately 2.3kg
per year
The average height :- 95 cm at 3 years
103 cm at 4 years
110 cm at 5 years
 GROSS AND FINE MOTOR
BEHAVIOUR
36 MONTHS:-
Walking, running, climbing,
refinement in eye-hand and muscle co-ordination
are well established.
3 YEARS:-
Rides a tricycle, walk on tiptoe, balances
on one foot for few seconds ,and broad jumps.
4YEARS:-
Skips and hopes one foot , catches a ball
reliably.
5 years:-
Skips on alternate feet, jumps rope, and
begins to skate and swim.
 DRAWING
3YEARS:-
copies a circle, imitates a
cross, horizontal and vertical lines.
4-5YEARS:-
Copy a square and trace a
cross. The triangle and diamond are
usually the last geometric figures to be
mastered.
3 years of age is shape stage and 4-5
years is pictorial stage.
 PSYCHO SOCIAL
DEVELOPMENT
A/c to Ericksons theory , this phase is
characterized by vigorous and intense
behavior and strong imagination.
Children explore the physical world with all
their senses and power.
Children sometimes undertake goals or
activities that are in conflict with those of
parents or others .
The lasting outcome are directions and
power.
 PSYCHOSEXUAL
DEVELOPMENT
They begin to realize, that there are
categories of objects.
One of the main goal is learning sex
differences and sexually appropriate
behavior.
There are two complexes in this stage
-Oedipal complex
-Electra complex
 COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
3YEARS:-
It is a pre conceptual stage.
Child is egocentric in thoughts and
behavior.
Good orientation to time, place and
person.
Talks about past and future and
pretends to tell time.
Has improved concept of space.
 SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT:-
Forms more attachment to opposite sex
parents.
There is a sex role initiation and dressing up
like father or mother.

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT:-
Tolerate brief separations from parents with
little or no protest.
Prolonged illness and hospitalization is difficult.
Takes up responsibilities and trust worthy.
 4YEARS:-
Obeys parents.
Unable to conserve the matter.
Has poor mathematical concept of
numbers.
5 YEARS:-
May begins to show understanding of
numbers through counting.
Notices prejudice and bias.
 MORAL DEVELOPMENT:-
Punishment and obedience can judge
whether an action is good or bad.
Actions are directed towards satisfying
their needs.
Have a concrete sense of justice.

SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT:-
Children's knowledge of faith and religion
is learned from parents and their religious
practices.
Influenced by their cognitive level.
 DEVELOPMENT OF BODY
IMAGE:-
Recognize that individuals have
undesirable and desirable behavior
Recognize differences in skin color.
Aware of the words such as pretty
and ugly.
By 5years conscious of being large
or short.
 FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS:-
Attends to please parents and confirm
their expectations.
Less jealous of younger siblings and is
aware of family relationships and sex
role functions.
Enjoys activities such as sports, working
and shopping.
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT:-
3YEARS:-
Vocabulary of about 900 words.
Uses telegraphic speech
Asks many questions.
Begins to sing songs.
4YEARS :-
Vocabulary of 1500 words
Tells exaggerated stories
Names one or more colours
Makes comprehensive analogues like ice is cold
 5YEARS:-
Vocabulary of 2100 words
Follows command in success
Describes a drawing or picture
Child knows names of weeks,
months and other associated words
PERSONAL SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR
Preschoolers are much more sociable and willing
to please.
They are increasingly aware of their position and
role in the family
PLAY:-

Preschoolers enjoy associative play

Play also includes jumping,
Running ,climbing. tricycles, wagon gym and
sports equipments.
The most characteristic and pervasive preschooler
activity is initiative , imagination and dramatic
play.
ASSESSMENT OF BEHAVIOURAL
PROBLEMS IN PRESCHOOLER
AGRESSION::: Behavior that attempts to
hurt a person or destroy property
FRUSTRATION::: Continuous thwarting of
self satisfaction by parents disapproval
MODELLING::: Initiating the behavior of
significant others
SPEECH PROBLEMS::: The usual problem
occurring is stuttering of speech.
COPING WITHN STRESS::: To help parents
deal with stress is to be aware of stress
and identify the source .
 THANK YOU

PRE SCHOOLER