Noise and vibrations

cont.
Audiometry- the extent of loss of hearing is measured by the tone.
Protection Against Noise
a) Protective Planning ------architect level
i) Use of proper building materials.
ii) Proper division.
b) Tackling Noise Source- Control of noise at the source.
metal tyres replaces by rubber tyres.
absorbing sound panels are used in
the crowded places.
Personal Protection- the safe level of noise is also
maintained at personal level by taking several
precautions.
a) Ear plugs of various materials can be used to reduce
noise upto 30dB.
b) Protective caps especially designed for high level
noise above 100dB is used.
c) Periodic audiometry test should be carried out for the
workers working at noisy places.
INDOOR CLIMATE
The physical conditions for carrying the work.

a) Air temperature.
b) Surrounding Surfaces
temperature.
c) Air humidity
d) Air movements.
 Thermal Regulation- A const. body temperature of 35degree with
small fluctuations is necessary for vital functions of the body parts.
Control Process- the brain is the centre of the heat control by the
help of the temperature sensing nerves.
a) in summer it is lost by sweat.
b) in winters balance by increasing metabolism.
 Heat Exchange of Human Body-
Chemical mechanical heat
energy energy excess of heat to outside
Conduction

convection

Radiations
Recommendations for Indoor
Comfort---------
Air temperature of 21- 25 degree is comfortable in all
seasons for working.
Relative humidity must lie between the 30%-60% in all
seasons with slight variations according to the climate.
Sedentary manual work 21degree
Sedentary light manual work 19 degree
Standing light work 18 degree
Standing moderate work 17 degree
Heavy manual work 15 degre
Ergonomics guidelines for working
in very hot
conditions----------
Working time should be increase progressively 10%
everyday.
According to the heat stress cooling pauses should be
given.
Water or fluid drinking at the regular intervals of almost
15 mins.
Drinks should be placed close to the worker.
If working in excessive radiant light working should be
provided with the radiant glasses.
MENTAL ACTIVITY-
Processing of incoming information.
a) brain work
b) Information processing.
Brain Work- it includes-
information received --------planning--------------
actions
Information Processing
Part of man- machine system: a) perception
b) interpretation
c) mental processing.
This process constitute new information with the existing
processes to take the appropriate action.
Mental Load-a) maintain high level of alertness over
period.
b)need to take decision
Memory
Memory is storing information in the brain. It is of two
types-
a) Short- term memory.
b) long- term memory.
Sustained Alertness-