TYPES OF CONCRETE

Ar. C.N.Vaishnavi
Ar. M.Padma
 CONCRETE
Concrete is one of the most commonly used building materials.
Concrete is a composite material made from several readily available constituents
(aggregates, sand, cement, water).
Concrete is a versatile material that can easily be mixed to meet a variety of special
needs and formed to virtually any shape.
Concrete is most vital material in modern construction.
In addition to normal concrete, other varieties in use are, high strength and high
performance concrete, self compacting, light weight, high density, fibre reinforced,
polymer, coloured concrete etc.
The making of concrete is an art as well as a science.

CONSTITUENTS OF CONCRETE:

Cement
Water
Fine Agg.
Coarse Agg.
Admixtures
SPECIAL TYPES OF CONCRETE
Special types of concrete are Types of special concrete are :
those with out-of-the-ordinary
properties or those produced by 1. High Volume Fly Ash Concrete.
unusual techniques. Concrete is 2. Silica fume concrete.
by definition a composite 3. GGBS, Slag based concrete.
material consisting essentially of 4. Ternary blend concrete.
a binding medium and aggregate 5. Light weight concrete.
particles, and it can take many 6. Polymer concrete.
forms. 7. Self Compacting Concrete.
These concretes do have 8. Coloured Concrete.
advantages as well as 9. Fibre-reinforced Concrete.
disadvantages. 10. Pervious Concrete.
11. Water-proof Concrete.
12. Temperature Controlled Concrete.
 By-product of the iron manufacturing
industry, replacement of Portland cement
with GGBS will lead to significant reduction
of carbon dioxide gas emission.
GGBS powder is almost white in colour in
the dry state Fresh GGBS concrete may
GGBS, show mottled green or bluish-green areas
on the surface mainly due to the presence
Slag based of a small amount of sulphide.
GGBS concrete requires longer setting times
concrete than Portland cement concrete, probably
due to the smooth and glassy particle forms
of GGBS. If the temperature is 23oC or
replacement level of portland cement by
GGBS is less than 30% , the setting times
will not significantly be affected.

Ternary Ternary concrete mixtures include three different cementitious

materials i.e. combinations of portland cement, slag cement, and a
blend third cementitious material. The third component is often fly ash, but
silica fume is also common.
concrete Other material in combination with portland and slag cement, such
as rice husk ash are not currently in common usage.
Slag cement has been used in ternary mixtures for decades.
5.Light weight concrete
Water-proof concrete:
 Ready Mix Concrete
Ready mix concrete is concrete whose components are
proportioned away from the construction site for delivery to the
construction site by the truck in a ready-to-use-condition.
Need for Ready Mix concrete
Requirement for higher grades of concrete
Correct accountability ingredients
Rapid development of infrastructure industry
Increased demand of concrete
Possibility of manufacture of desired grades
Mega project demands higher output
Timely supply of reliable concrete
MERITS OF R.M.C.
1. Better quality concrete is
produced.
2. Elimination of storage space for
basic materials at site.
3. Elimination of Hiring plant and
machinery
4. Wastage of basic materials is
avoided.
5. Labour associated with
production of concrete is
eliminated.
6. Time required is greatly reduced
7. Noise and dust pollution at site
is reduced.
8 .No wastage at site
9. Environment friendly
DEMERITS OF R.M.C.
1. Need huge initial investment.
2. Not affordable for small projects (small
quantity of concrete)
3. Needs effective transportation system from
R.M.C to site.
4. Traffic jam or failure of vehicle creates
problem if proper dose of admixture is not
given.
5. Labours should be ready on site to cast the
concrete in position to vibrate it and compact
it.
6. Concrete's limited time span between
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
READY MIX CONCRETE AND SITE MIX
CONCRETE
 Consistent Quality- concrete is made inSMC
high
Quality
tech batching
is inconsistentbecause
plants in a comput
con
RMC SMCQuality is inconsistentbecause con
RMCLarge quantities of concrete can be ordered.
SMC This allows you to upgrade yours
RMCLarge quantities of concrete can be ordered.Large
This allows
quantities
you of
to concrete
upgrade yours
can b
LIGHT WEIGHT CONCRETE

concrete which uses lightweight aggregates

May consist of lightweight aggregates are used in ordinary concrete of
coarse aggregate and sand, clay, foamed slag, clinker, crushed stone,
aggregates of organic and inorganic.
Methods of preparation of lightweight concrete

2.Without
providing concrete
smoother (rough
1.Preparation
1.Preparation of
of concrete)
porous
porous concrete
concrete

3.Providing lightweight
aggregate concrete
1.PREPARATION OF POROUS CONCRETE
 Characteristics of Lightweight Concrete

Thermal insulation
Advantages Disadvantages
1 1
 Rapid hardening cement
Rapid Hardening Portland Cement (RHPC) is a special purpose cement
used in concrete to achieve a higher rate of early strength development,
compared to using Normal Cement. The improved early performance of
RHPC is achieved principally through increased product fineness.
Rapid hardening cement is similar to Ordinary Portland cement but with
higher tri-calcium silicate (C3S) content and finer grinding. It gains
strength more quickly than OPC, though the final strength is only slightly
higher. This type of cement is also called as High-Early Strength Portland
Cement. The one-day strength of this cement is equal to the three-day
strength of OPC with the same water-cement ratio.
Applications
Typical applications of RHPC include :
precast concrete production
concrete masonry
urgent repair work
coldweather concreting
 Advantages and uses of the rapid
hardening portland cement:
Following are theadvantages and uses of the rapid hardening
portland cement:

(a) It is used where formwork has to be removed as early as possible

in order to reuse it.

(b) It is used where high early strength is required.

(c) It is generally used for constructing road pavements, where it is

important to open the road to traffic quickly.

(d) It is used in industries which manufacture concrete products like

slabs, posts, electric poles, block fence, etc. because moulds can be
released quickly.

(e) It is used for cold weather concreting because rapid evolution of

heat during hydration protects the concrete against freezing.
 CONCRETE SURFACE FINISHES

STUCCO OR CEMENT PLASTER FINISH

BRUSHED FINISH
EXPOSED AGGREGATE FINISH