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. Question 1 Explanation:
. In right ventricular hypertrophy the increased
muscle mass of the right ventricle causes
increased signal on the ECG. As a result the axis
of the heart is shifted to the right with lead III
becoming more positive and lead I & II becoming
less positive.
2. If ST-elevation was seen in leads II, III &
aVF what would it suggest?
Question 2 Explanation:
Leads II, III & aVF all look at the heart in the
inferior plane. Therefore ST-elevation in only
these leads suggests that the inferior portion of
the heart has had an infarction.
3. Which artery is most likely to be affected if
ST elevation in seen in leads V3 & V4?
Question 3 Explanation:
Leads V3 & V4 view the heart anteriorly. Therefore
ST elevation in these leads suggests an anterior
infarct. The anterior portion of the heart is
supplied mainly by the left anterior descending
artery therefore this is most likely to have been
affected.
4. What is the common cause of left axis
deviation?
Question 4 Explanation:
Left axis deviation is rarely the result of left
ventricular hypertrophy and more often due to
defects in the conduction system of the heart.
5. The absence of P-waves and an irregular rhythm
would suggest a diagnosis of.....
Atrial fibrillation
Question 10 Explanation:
In atrial fibrillation the atria no longer conduct
electricity from the SA in an orderly fashion. Therefore
P-waves are lost and often show a characteristic
'sawtooth' pattern. As a result of disordered atrial
activity only occasional waves of depolarisation pass
through to the AV node and cause ventricular
activation. This causes the typical irregular rhythm.
6. If there were 3 large squares in an R-R
interval what would the heart rate be?
90 bpm
70 bpm
100 bpm
80 bpm
Question 6 Explanation:
Question 7 Explanation:
n normal individuals the PR-interval is between
0.12-2.0 seconds. A PR interval longer than this
can suggest the presence of heart block and a
short PR-interval can suggest an accessory
pathway between the atria & ventricles
8. What is often the earliest ECG change
seen during myocardial infarction?
Tall peaked T-waves
ST-elevation
ST-depression
Tall P-waves
Question 8 Explanation:
Question 9 Explanation:
A.Lead I
B.aVF
C.aVL
D.V1
E.V6
A.Conduction Analysis
B.PU interval
C.Waveforms
D.Rhythm Analysis
E.QT interval
A.The width
B.The height
A.Q wave
B.Hyperacute T wave