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SS RNA
Protein membrane bilayer
envelope
Rabies Virus
Morphology
Bullet shaped, 180 X 75 nm
One end round/ conical and other planar or concave
Outer lipoprotein envelope spikes
Beneath it protein membrane bi layer invaginated at planar end
Membrane project outward of planar end and form bleb
Core contains helically arranged RNA
Resistance
Sensitive to ethanol, iodine preparations, quartenary ammonium
compounds, lipid solvents ether, chloroform, acetone
Inactivated by phenol, formalin, BPL, UV irradiation & sunlight
Dies at Room Temperature, survive at 4C
Antigenic Properties
Surface spikes glycoprotein induces formation of antibodies
Purified glycoprotein safe & effective subunit vaccine
Induces complement fixing antibodies, Haemagglutination
Nucleocapsid protein - Induces complement fixing antibodies
Two membrane proteins, glycolipid & RNA dependent RNA
polymerase
Host range and Growth Characteristics
1. Animals
Warm blooded animals
Rabies virus from natural human / animal infection street virus
on inoculation fatal encephalitis
Several serial intracerebral passages in rabbits virus changes
Fixed virus more neurotropic
2. Chick embryos
Yolk sac development of attenuated vaccine like Flury & kelev.
Duck eggs high yield of virus preparation of inactivated
vaccines
3. Tissue culture
Virus in primary & continuous cell culture chick embryo
fibroblast, porcine/hamster kidney
Virus yield low
Rabies
Latin word Rabidus Mad
Disease in man characterised by hydrophobia intolerable thirst
incapable to drink
1881 Pasteur inoculated rabies virus in brains of infected animals,
on serial intra cerebral passage fixed virus in series of injection
of graded infectivity rendered immunity.
Vaccine piece of spinal cord (fixed virus) Joseph Meiser 13
inoculation boy survived milestone in medicine development.
Pathogenesis
Man infected by bite of rabid dog (other animals)
Virus present in saliva(animal) deposited in wound
Rarely infection by lick/aerosol
Virus multiply in muscle, connective tissue/ nerves (deposition site)