Material Selection

CNG STORAGE
T U G A S M ATA KU L IA H D E S A IN D A N P E M IL IH A N M AT E R IA L

ANDRI WIDIANTO (1606842820)

MIFTAKHUR ROHMAH (1606842890)

Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia 201

 COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS
(CNG)
Gas alam (natural gas) diproduksi dari sumur gas atau bersamaan dengan proses
pengolahan minyak mentah (crude oil)
CNG merupakan salah satu sumber energi alternatif yang disimpan dalam pressure
vessel (2400, 3000 dan 3600 psi (165, 206, 248 bar)

Manufacture Standart

ISO 11439:2000,
ANSI/IAS NGV 2-1998,
ISO 9809-1/1999
ASME Section VIII Div
(1)

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 CNG STORAGE
Terdapat 4 tipe tangki CNG
Proporsi Kandungan
Lifetime
Tipe Material (%)
tangki
CNG Logam Komposit

Tipe 1 100 - 20 tahun Tipe 1 Tipe 3

45
Fiber glass /
serat karbon
Tipe 2 55 pada bagian 20 tahun
tengah
(Hoop Tipe 2 Tipe 4
Wrapped)
80
Tipe 3 20 15 tahun
Full wrapped
Fakultas
Tipe 4 Teknik- Universitas
100 Indonesia20 tahun
 DESIGN REQUIREMENT
CNG Storage
Function to store high capacity of compressed natural gas (to resist a working
stress form volume CNG)
Constrains All force specified (can get strength and Youngs modulus)
Geometry specified (length specified)
Must no fail by yielding (yield before leak) thin wall
Must not fail by fast fracture (leak before break) thin wall
Side Strength and Youngs Modulus specified
Constrains Fracture Toughness Maximized
Fatigue Streng Maximized
Internal Corrosion Resistant
Cost must be minimized
Objective Minimized Radius
Free Materials
Variables
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 Dimension (ISO 11439 )
Kapasitas CNG Storage Fracture Toughness
V = phi * (4/3 ri3 + ri2L)
K= (2r)1/2
= 3.14 * {(4/3 (4.5)3 + (4.5)2 (19.5)} = = (62.05)*(2*3.14*0.5)1/2
1621,4175 in3 = 62.25 * 1.77
= 110.1825 Mpa in1/2
Hoop Stress = 17.52 Mpa m1/2
1 = Pi ri / t
= 1000 psi * (4.5) / 0.5 = 9000 psi Safety factor 1.5 1.5 x
17.52 = 26.28 Mpa m1/2
Asumsi : Silinder (62.05 MPa)
1 = Pi ri / t (Hoop Stress)
Longitudinal Stress
2 = Pi ri / 2t 2 = Pi ri / 2t
(Longitudinal Safety
= 1000 Factor
psi 1.5 1.5
* (4.5) / 2 x* 62.05
0.5 = = 93.076
4500 psi
Stress) ( 31.025 MPa) Mpa
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 Material Indices for fracture Toughness
Tengangan = 93 Mpa ;
Fracture Toughness = 26.28 Mpa.m1/2 Geometry Function
atau f(1)
M1 = 26.28 M2 = 0.28
M3= 7.42 M4 = 93 Material Function
atau f(2)
Tegangan Leak Before
untuk Yield Before
Break Break
propagasi Crack length
crack 2ac=t

Thin wall,
strong

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 Ashby Plot
Tengangan = 93 Mpa ; Fracture Toughness = 26.28
Mpa.m 1/2
Yield before break Engineering Alloys (Steel,
copper alloys, and aluminum alloys, komposit)
SESUAI
Standart ISO 11439 baja dan paduannya, paduan
alumunium ataukomposit.

Kandidat materiala yang umum digunakan untuk

tabung CNG adalah :
AA 6061-T6
AISI 4130X Low alloy steel
AA 6061-T6 / fiber Glass hoop
AA 6061-T6 / fiber Glass full
Plastic / E-Glass full

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 MATERIAL SELECTION (Weighting
factors)
Decision Number
n(n-1)/2 TOTAL
POSTIV WEIGHT-
Property E ING
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 DECISI FACTOR
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 21
0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 ON

Fracture
toughness
1 1 1 1 1 1 6 0.29
Impact
strength
0 0 1 1 1 1 4 0.19
Tensile
strength
0 1 1 0 0 1 3 0.14
Young
modulus
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.05

Density 0 0 1 1 1 0 3 0.14
Fakultas
Fatigue Teknik Universitas Indonesia
0 0 1 1 0 1 3 0.14
 Candidate Material
sumber : (matweb.com) (material properties database
(Composite Materials- Design and Applications, Third Edition - Daniel Gay

FT Cost
Material IS TS YM D FS CR * Categor
(Mpa.
(J) (Mpa) (Gpa) (kg/m3) (Mpa)
m1/2) y
AA 6061 T6 (Tipe 1) 29 50 310 68.9 2700 96.5 2 10.25 $/lb
AISI 4130X Low alloy
steel 48 87 560 205 7850 225 3 3.36 S/lb
(Tipe 1)
1040 (Tipe 1) 54 49 525 200 7845 234.42 1 2.14 $/lb
AA 6061 T6 / fiber Glass
hoop 73 66 2187 77 2610 190 3 12.45 $/lba
(Tipe 2)
AA 6061 T6 / fiber Glass
full 83 70 3648 83 2540 240.5 4 20.5 $/lba
(Tipe 3)
Epoxy (PE) / carbon fiber
full 94 76 2500 80 2680 293 5 34 $/lb
(Tipe 4)
AISI 4130 / fiber Glass hoop
105 83 2725 145.95 5155 330 3 5.56$/lb a
(Tipe 2)
SS 316 L 195 129 580 193 8000 270 2 17.87 $/lb
* ketahanan korosi dinyatakan dengan nilai 1 5, dimana nilai 1 buruk dan nilai 5 sangat bagus
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 MATERIAL SELECTION (Perfomance
Index)
Scaled Properties
FT IS TS YM D FS CR Rangk
Material WPI
(x0.29 (x0.19 (x0.14 (x0.05 (x0.14 (x0.14 (x0.05 ing
) ) ) ) ) ) )
AA 6061 T6 4.31 7.36 1.19 1.68 13.17 4.09 2 33.8 8
AISI 4130X Low
7.14 12.81 2.15 5 4.53 9.55 3 44.18 6
alloy steel
AISI 1040 8.03 7.22 2.01 4.88 4.53 9.95 1 37.62 7
AA 6061 T6 / fiber
Glass hoop
10.86 9.72 8.40 1.89 13.62 8.06 3 55.55 5

AA 6061 T6 / fiber
12.34 10.31 14 2.02 14 10.20 4 66.87 4
Glass full
Epoxy / carbon fiber
14.05 11.2 9.6 1.95 13.27 12.43 5 67.5 3
full
4130 / fiber Glass
15.62 12.22 10.46 3.56 6.9 14 5 67.76 2
hoop
Fakultas Teknik Universitas
SS 316 29Indonesia
19 2.23 4.71 4.44 11.45 2 72.83 1
 MATERIAL SELECTION
5. Ranking of Materials
Cost of
Relative unit Figure of
Material WPI Rank
cost strength merit
x100
AA 6061 T6 4.79 3.31 33.8 10.22 8
AISI 4130X Low alloy
1.57 0.60 44.18 73.63 5
steel
AISI 1040 1.00 0.41 37.62 92.92 4
AA 6061 T6 / fiber
5.82 0.57 55.55 97.58 3
Glass hoop
AA 6061 T6 / fiber
9.58 0.56 66.87 119.00 2
Glass full
Epoxy / carbon fiber full 15.89 1.36 67.5 49.63 6
4130 / fiber Glass hoop 2.60 0.20 67.76 332.10 1
SS 316 8.35 3.08 72.83 23.64 7
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 CONCLUSION
Kandidat material terbaik yang cocok digunakan sebagai bahan tabung CNG
adalah material 4130 / fiber Glass hoop (Tipe 2)

Opsi 2 : AA 6061 T6 / fiber Glass full (Tipe 3)

Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia