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248 Protocol
Objectives
Limited Function
PSTN/ISDN extensibility
Limited system capacity
GK
extensibility
GW
Media translation
H323 Terminal
Signaling switch
Call control
Evolution of H.248
Questions in mind
Who will use H.248 to communicate with each
other?
BICC/SIP-T
Control Softswitch
SIGTRAN H.248
RTP/RTCP
Edge
SG MG
MG H.248
H.248
IAD
Answer of Q2.
What is the function of H.248?
Media Gateway
Termination
Termination
Termination
Termination
Termination
Termination
Termination
Termination
Term. X Context. X
Terminations Contexts
Terminology Interpretation
Termination
Definition Source and Destination of a media stream.
Semi-permanent termination: physical termination. For
example: ports in a IAD
Ephemeral termination: a information stream. For
example: a RTP voice media.
Root termination: Device itself.
Context
Definition: represents the relationship between a group
of terminations. (who hears/sees whom)
Null context: empty context. Represents terminations
that havent establish relationship with others.
Connect Model
Media Gateway
CONTEXT
Termination
Termination
SCN Bearer
SCN Bearer
Channel
Channel
Null Context
Media Gateway
Null CONTEXT
Termination
Termination
SCN Bearer
Channel SCN Bearer
Channel
Call waiting Sample
Media Gateway
CONTEXT C1
Term. T2 Term. T1
SCN Bearer
RTP Stream
Channel
CONTEXT C2
Term. T3
SCN Bearer
Channel
Call waiting Sample
Media Gateway
CONTEXT C1
Term. T1
SCN Bearer
Channel
CONTEXT C2
Term. T2 Term. T3
SCN Bearer
RTP Stream
Channel
Context
Context Characteristic
ContextID: Identification of Context
Topology: Direction of media stream flow
Priority: Priority information related to context
Emergency call id: identification of emergent call info.
Call
Termination
Termination ID
Identification of termination, assigned by MG
Termination descriptor
Property: service status, media passage property
Event: on_hook, off_hook etc.
Signal: dialing tone, DTMFsignaling etc.
Statistics: accumulate statistical data and report to
MGC
Descriptor
Descriptor
Definition: a syntax element (data structure), used
to describe the property of termination
H248 V1. defines 19 descriptors 7 categories
Status: TerminationState, Modem;
Media stream: Media_stream, local, remote, local
control
multiplex;
Event related: Event, digitmap, eventbuffer,
Observedevents; Signals;
Package
Package
Definition: systematic extensibility of defining
characteristics that havent been defined in termination
Common Packages
al (analog line management package)
cg (call procedure management package)
dd (DTMF detection package)
au (audio unit package)
Transaction
Sender Receiver
TransactionRequest
TransactionReply/
TransactionPending
TransactionResponseAck
Transaction
TransactionRequest(TransactionId {
ContextID {Command _ Command},
...
ContextID {Command _ Command } })
Transaction
TransactionReply(TransactionID {
ContextID { Response _ Response },
API ...
ContextID { Response _ Response } })
Structure
TransactionPending(TransactionID { } )
TransactionResponseAck(TransactionID { }
TransactionID{ })
Commands
MGC MG
Add
MGCMG
Add a termination
to a context,
Create a context
when contextID is
not specified
Commands
MGC MG
Add
Modify MGCMG
Modify the
property,event or
signal parameters of
a terminal
Commands
MGC MG
Add
Modify MGCMG
Delete a terminal
subtract from a context
Delete the context
if there is no more
terminals in the
context
Commands
MGC MG
Add
Modify MGCMG
Move a terminal
subtract from one context to
another
Move
Commands
MGC MG
Add
Modify MGCMG
Obtain the current
subtract status, event, signal
and statistics
Move
information of a
AuditValue terminal
Commands
MGC MG
Add
Modify MGCMG
Obtain the possible
subtract capacity
(characteristics,
Move
event, signal) of a
AuditValue MG
AuditCapability
Commands
MGC MG
Add
Modify MGMGC
Allows the MG to
subtract notify the SS for
any event change
Move
AuditValue
AuditCapability
Notify
Commands
MGC MG
Add
Modify MGCMG or
MGMGC
subtract MGCMG
Start service
Move Quit service
MGMGC
AuditValue
Start service
AuditCapability Quit service
Registration
Notify
ServiceChange
Transport
H.248
Softswitch
TCP/UDP
IP
H.248
Three-way Handshake
IAD SS
MEGACO/1
[10.66.100.12]:2944
SVC_CHG_REQ Transaction = 9998 {
Context = - {
ServiceChange =
ROOT {Services {
MEGACO/1
[10.66.100.1]:2944 Method=Restart,
Reply = 9998 {
Context = - ServiceChangeAddress=2944
{ServiceChange = ROOT { SVC_CHG_REPLY , Profile=ResGW/1}
Services }
{ServiceChangeAddress=294
}
4, Profile=ResGW/1} } }
}
}
Call Setup
IAD SS IAD
MEGACO/1
Off_hook
[10.66.100.12]:2944
NTFY_REQ
Transaction = 49414
{ Context = -
NTFY_REPLY
{
Notify = AG58900 {
IAD SS IAD
MEGACO/1
Off_hook
[10.66.100.12]:2944
NTFY_REQ
Reply = 25218
{
NTFY_REPLY
Context = -
MOD_REQ {
Modify = AG58900
Dial-tone MOD_REPLY
}
}
MEGACO/1
[10.66.100.1]:2944
T=25218{ C=-{
MF=AG58900{
DM=DM999264604954 {
(0x.|11x|[2-
8]xxxxxxx)},E=2002{
dd/ce{ DM=DM999264604954
},al/on,al/fl},SG{
cg/dt}}}}
Call Setup
IAD SS IAD
MEGACO/1
Off_hook
[10.66.100.12]:2944
NTFY_REQ
Transaction = 49415
{
NTFY_REPLY
Context = -
MOD_REQ { Notify = AG58900{
ObservedEvents = 2002 {
Dial-tone MOD_REPLY
20020403T08131500 :
Dialing dd/ce
NTFY_REQ
{ ds = 26778086" ,
MEGACO/1 NTFY_REPLY Meth = UM } } } } }
[10.66.100.1]:2944
Reply=49415{
Context=-{Notify=
AG58900}}
Call Setup
IAD SS IAD
MEGACO/1
Off_hook
[10.66.100.12]:2944
NTFY_REQ
Reply = 10003 {
Context = 2000 {
NTFY_REPLY
Add = AG58900,
MEGACO/1 MOD_REQ Add=RTP/00000{
[10.66.100.1]:2944
Media {
Transaction = 10003 MOD_REPLY
{Context = $ { Stream = 1 {
Add = AG58900,Add = $ NTFY_REQ Local {
{Media {Stream = 1 v=0
{LocalControl {Mode = NTFY_REPLY
c=IN IP4 10.66.100.12
ReceiveOnly,nt/jit=40 ; in
ADD_REQ m=audio 2222 RTP/AVP 0 4
ms},Local {v=0 c=IN IP4
a=ptime:30
$ m=audio $ RTP/AVP 0 ADD_REPLY a=recvonly}}}}}}
4 a=ptime:30}}}}}}
Call Setup
MEGACO/1
[10.66.100.1]:2944
IAD SS IAD Transaction = 50003
{Context = $ {
Off_hook
Add = AG58901 { Media {
NTFY_REQ Stream = 1 {LocalControl
{Mode=SendReceive} }},
NTFY_REPLY Events=1234{al/of},
Signals {al/ri}},Add = $
MEGACO/1 MOD_REQ {Media {Stream =1
[10.66.100.13]:2944 {LocalControl
Reply = 50003 { MOD_REPLY {Mode=SendReceive,
Context = 5000 { nt/jit=40 ; in ms}, Local {
NTFY_REQ
Add = AG58901, v=0
Add = RTP/00002{ c=IN IP4 $
NTFY_REPLY
Media { m=audio $ RTP/AVP 0 4 8
Stream = 1 { ADD_REQ a=ptime:30},
Local { Remote {
v=0 ADD_REPLY v=0
c=IN IP4 10.66.100.13 c=IN IP4 10.66.100.12
m=audio 1111 RTP/AVP 0 ADD_REQ
m=audio 2222 RTP/AVP 0 4
}} ; }}}} a=ptime:30} ;}}}}}
ADD_REPLY ring
Call Setup
IAD SS IAD
MOD_REQ
Ring_back MOD_REPLY
MEGACO/1
MEGACO/1 [10.66.100.12]:2944
[10.66.100.1]:2944 Reply = 10005
Transaction = 10005 { { Context = 2000
Context = 2000 {
Modify = AG58900
Modify = AG58900 {
Signals {cg/rt}}, Modify = RTP/00000
Modify = RTP/00000 { }
Media { }
Stream =1 {Remote {
v=0
c=IN IP4 10.66.100.13
m=audio 1111 RTP/AVP 0
}} ;}}}}
Call Setup
IAD SS IAD
MOD_REQ
Ring_back MOD_REPLY
IAD SS IAD
MOD_REQ
Ring_back MOD_REPLY
IAD SS IAD
MOD_REQ
Ring_back MOD_REPLY
IAD SS IAD
Onhook
NTFY_REQ
MEGACO/1 NTFY_REPLY
[10.66.100.13]:2944
Transaction = 50008 { MEGACO/1
Context = 5000 { [10.66.100.1]:2944
Notify = AG58901 Reply = 50008 {
{ObservedEvents =1235 { Context = 5000
19990729T24020002:al/o {Notify = AG58901}
n} } } } }
Call Termination
IAD SS IAD
Onhook
NTFY_REQ
MEGACO/1
MEGACO/1
NTFY_REPLY [10.66.100.12]:2944
[10.66.100.1]:2944
Reply = 10007 {
Transaction = 10007 { MOD_REQ
Context = 5000 {
Context = 2000 {
Modify = AG58900 }}
Modify= AG58900 MOD_REPLY
{signals { cg/bt }}}}
Call Termination
IAD SS IAD
Onhook
MEGACO/1
[10.66.100.13]:2944 NTFY_REQ
Reply = 50009 {
NTFY_REPLY
Context = 5000 {
Subtract = AG58901 { MEGACO/1
MOD_REQ
Statistics { [10.66.100.1]:2944
nt/os=45123, ; MOD_REPLY Transaction = 50009 {
nt/dur=40 ; }}, SUB_REQ Context = 5000 {
Subtract = RTP/00002{ Subtract = AG58901
SUB_REPLY
Statistics { {Audit{Statistics}},
rtp/ps=1245, Subtract = RTP/00002
nt/os=62345, {Audit{Statistics}}}}
rtp/pr=780,
nt/or=45123,
rtp/pl=0,
rtp/jit=27,
rtp/delay=48 }}}}
Call Termination
IAD SS IAD
Onhook
NTFY_REQ MEGACO/1
[10.66.100.12]:2944
NTFY_REPLY
MOD_REQ Reply = 50009 {
Context = 2000 {
MEGACO/1
[10.66.100.1]:2944 MOD_REPLY Subtract = AG58900 {
Transaction = 50009 { SUB_REQ Statistics {
Context = 2000 { nt/os=45123, ;
SUB_RERLY
Subtract = AG58900 nt/dur=40 ; }},
SUB_REQ
{Audit{Statistics}}, Subtract = RTP/00000 {
Subtract = RTP/00000 SUB_REPLY Statistics {
{Audit{Statistics}}}} rtp/ps=1245,
Conversation Terminated nt/os=62345,
rtp/pr=780,
nt/or=45123,
rtp/pl=0,
rtp/jit=27,
rtp/delay=48 }}}}
SS7 - H.248 SS7 signaling
Application
Database
Server
3. Analysis & Routing
1.
I AM
14 TG
M
19 . AC
IA
TG
9.
.A M
M
NM M
AC
AN
.
ZTE
.
10
LS1 ZTE 15
LS2