REQUIREMENT OF MANAGING CHANGE

AND CREATIVITY IN BRICK INDUSTRY

PRESENTED

BY

MS. MADHURI BHATTACHARYA

&

DR. ABHIJIT CHAKRABORTY

1
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION

Back ground
Introduction

Case study

Methodology

Analysis

Proposed Model

Conclusion

2
INTRODUCTION

Innovation in any industry principles and processes can

create long-lasting advantage and produce drastic change in
competitive position. Over the past 100 years, management
innovation, more than any other kind of innovation, has
allowed companies to cross new performance thresholds.

Change requires learning. Business change provides

additional motivation to explore existing knowledge, needs
involvement and empowering people.

Indian coal is of low grade with ash content of the order of

30 45%. Large quantity of ash is being generated every
year in India. This fly ash from Thermal power plants not
only requires large area for disposal but is one of the
sources of air and water pollution.
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Central electricity Authority (CEA) on behalf of Ministry
of Power has been monitoring the fly ash generation
and its utilization in the country since 1990. Although
there are many ways to consume the fly ash but the
steps taken is insufficient. This paper deals with the
utilization of fly ash for brick production to save
valuable top soil used for traditional brick production.

This research paper is planned to inculcate the process

of change in the brick manufacturing industry by
looking after the environment by saving the top soil
and reducing the pollution of fly ash by encouraging
fly ash bricks as that of traditional bricks.
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CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FLY ASH

Compounds (%) Fly Ash

SiO2 38-63
Al2O3 27-44
TiO2 0.4-1.8
Fe2O3 3.3-6.4
MnO b.d-0.5
MgO 0.01-0.5
CaO 0.2-8
K2O 0.04-0.9
Na2O 0.07-0.43
LOI 0.2-5.0
pH 6-8 5
A detailed analysis has to be made of its present
situation and then to find out a solution for brick industry
STRENGTH:

CLAY BRICK FLY ASH BASED BRICK
Availability of the raw
Compressive strength is good
material.
enough for ordinary
Durability of Fly Ash bricks.
construction FA bricks are eco-friendly
product.
Raw material(top soil) is
Required less time in
easily available
production compared to clay
Hard and durable burnt brick.
Can be produced in every
Easy to market penetration
season.

Utilization of waste material

in FA brick manufacturing is
possible.
No top soil erosion for brick
production. 6
WEAKNESS:
CLAY BRICK FLY ASH BASED BRICK
Storage of raw material
Time consuming for longer period may
construction destroy its quality.
Since bricks absorb water Transportation cost of Fly
easily, therefore, it Ash is high if the Thermal
causes fluorescence when Power Plant is not in the
not exposed to air vicinity of the Fly Ash
Very Less tensile brick factory.
strength Market penetration is
Rough surfaces of bricks weak/slow.
may cause mold growth if Fly Ash bricks are not
not properly cleaned popular among common
Color of low quality brick man till today.
changes when exposed to Negative perception
sun for a long period of about the Fly Ash brick. 7
OPPORTUNITY:

CLAY BRICK FLY ASH BASED BRICK

It is traditional so Project- now a days FA
people accept this brick bricks are used in
very easily. different projects.
Loan- banks are helping
to arrange finance for
starting a project.
Market share- possibility
to increase the market
share of FA brick if it gets
the proper patronage
from the government.
Better working
conditions- due to the
better working condition
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than traditional brick
THREATS

CLAY BRICK FLY ASH BASED BRICK

Not eco friendly No support from
Causing pollution government.
Using valuable top Tax payment- Unorganized
soil of agriculture
traditional bricks plants
are exempted from tax.
Fuel charge/ power-cut- In
case of power cut plant
will run with diesel, so
with the increase in the
price of fuel there will be
the threat to decrease the
production.
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Loose disposal of Fly Ash
ANALYSIS

Central Electricity Authority of New Delhi is monitoring

fly ash generation and its utilization at coal/ lignite
based thermal power stations in the country since
1996 on behalf of Ministry of Power. They made a
report for the year 2014-2015( April,2014 to march,
2015) on 145 coal/lignite based Thermal Power
Stations of India which generates Fly Ash & utilize
them in different areas. Here we have only mentioned
the data of West Bengal.

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SUMMARY OF FLY ASH GENERATION AND
UTILISATION DURING THE YEAR 2014 15
Description Year 2014 15

Nos. of thermal Power Stations : 145
from which data was received
Installed capacity (MW) : 1,38,915.80

Coal consumed (Million tons) : 549.72

Fly ash generation ( Million tons) : 180.11

Fly ash utilization ( Million tons) : 102.54

Percentage utilization : 56.93

Percentage average ash : 32.76

content(%)

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 FLY ASH GENERATION AND ITS
UTILISATION IN WEST BENGAL DURING
THE YEAR 2014 15

Name Nos. of Install Fly ashFly Ash Percen

of TPS ed Genera Utilisat tage
state Capaci tion ion Utilisat
ty (Millio (Millio ion %
(MW) n n
tonne) Tonne)

West 17 12468.0 19.0883 14.7969 77.52
Bengal 0

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Sl. Mode of Utilisation Quantity of fly ash
No. utilized in the mode of
Utilisation

Million - ton Percentage (%)

1 Cement 43.3300 42.26

2 Mine filling 13.3311 13.00
3 Bricks & tiles 12.0216 11.72
4 Reclamation of low 11.0398 10.77
lying area
5 Ash dyke raising 9.8025 9.56
6 Roads & flyovers 3.4086 3.32
7 Agriculture 1.9748 1.93
8 Concrete 0.7606 0.74
9 Hydro power sector 0.0054 0.01
10 Others 6.8690 6.70
Total 102.5433 100.00
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Fig.1 (Source: CEA Report, 2015-16)
14
Fig. 2(Source: CEA Report,2015-16)

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 The Main Problem Faced by the Fly Ash Brick
Industries are:
Quality ash: Different origin of coal and different burning condition leads to
variation in quality of fly ash.

Disposalsystem: location of power plants being away from the consumption

places makes costly

Technology: lack of appropriate technology, training regarding fly ash utilization

Co-ordination: it is observed that lack of direct interaction among manufacturer

of fly ash products and power generation plants.

Awareness about fly ash bricks: lack of awareness and promotional measure

Marketing organization: Non availability of separate marketing group to

promote this fly ash based brick.

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MoEF Notifications for Fly Ash Utilization:

Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF) has issued various

Notifications on fly ash utilization:

First Notification was issued on 14th September, 1999 which was

subsequently amended in 2003, 2009 and 2016 vide Notifications
dated 27th August, 2003, 3rd November, 2009 and 25th January,
2016 respectively. The said Notifications prescribe targets of Fly Ash
utilization for all Coal/Lignite based Thermal Power Stations in the
country with an aim to achieve 100% utilization in a phased manner.

Now this is the right time to think to safe human civilization, decrease
the pollution rate and say good bye to traditional bricks. Every year
India has huge demand for bricks which are not fully fulfilled.

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Fig. 3 18
PROPOSED MODEL

The traditional brick industry canFig. 4 manufacturing fly ash brick by a

go for
change in its vision, mission through management involvement in that
regard totally. The thought process of change towards fly ash brick is to
be communicated across the hierarchy by involving the staff totally into
it. The new technology training to be provided to the workers to equip
themselves with the modern gadgets and other requisites towards the
production of fly ash bricks. This will in turn ultimately help the company
to move forward towards the redefined vision and mission for fly ash 19
CONCLUSION
The human mankind is very much affected by pollution, so we
have to go for those options that are going to reduce pollution.
The society is very much dependent on energy as a result of
which a number of the thermal power plant has been established.
As the years goes on, it has been found Fly Ash that is generated
as a waste from those Thermal power plants are creating
pollution. Due to the development of technology, we can utilize
that fly ash for the manufacturing of fly ash bricks in place of
traditional bricks that is being manufactured by top soil. In turn, it
will save our environment regarding soil and the fly ash bricks are
also fire resistant in nature. As waste is termed as misplaced
resources so we can minimize it by proper and effectively by
manufacturing fly ash bricks that are economical as that of
traditional bricks. The SWOT analysis also had shown the positive
attributes of the fly ash brick industry also. This can be done by a
change in the thought process of the society and the
management and to look at the various aspect of change in the
brick industry for the betterment of the society and the country . 20
THANK YOU

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