Biological

Wastewater Treatment
M. Lukman Khakim
155100300111007

Dino Nurfatah Dewantara

155100300111013

Nadiyah R. Fatin
155100300111089
Wastewater Threatment
Pre-Treatment : Chemical
Treatment

Pre-Liminary Treatment : Phsycal

Treatment

Primary Treatment : Phsycal

Treatment

Secondary Treatment : Biological

Biological Treatment

The biological treatment of industrial wastewater is a process

that uses bacteria and various microorganisms such as fungi,
ciliates, algae, protozoa, nematodes, worms, and et cetera.
These bacteria feed on organic substances which then are
broken down systematically.

Bacter Algae
ia
Biological Treatment Process
Biological Treatment

Biological
Treatment

aerobic anaerobic

In the biological treatment of industrial

wastewater, there are two classification of
biological treatment which is aerobic and
anaerobic
Aerobic Treatment
An example of a suspended growth system which is an aerobic treatment is
the activated sludge. The system of activated sludge is first, the wastewater that is
formerly pretreated enters the aeration tank. Then, it is mixed with a suspension of
microbes with oxygen. These microbes then metabolize the organic pollutants in
the wastewater, converting then to more microbes, carbon dioxide, water, and
low-molecular-weight organics. Then, the mixed liquor (mixture of wastewater
and suspension of microbes) is flowed into the clarifier so that the solids settle on
the bottom of the tank. Then, the clarified wastewater exits the system. The solids
that are settled are either returned to the aeration tank or are wasted.
 Biological Treatment
Aeration by pump
Addition aerob bacteria use
activated sludge

Flocculant mass will precipitate in the

bottom of the tank, discard a part and the
other will circulate to aeration tank
Blower will blow the air to help the
microbe flocculate the mass to a big
Biological Treatment

The
sludge
disposal

Activated sludge
flow to the aeration
tank
AnaerobTreatment
Anaerobic wastewater treatment is a microbiological degradation of
organic substances in wastewater in the absence of dissolved oxygen. Anaerobic
systems can treat some substances that cannot be treated by aerobic system such
as cellulosic materials, certain aromatic compounds, and certain chlorinated
solvents. Anaerobic treatment is a progression of events that starts with
hydrolysis, then acidogenesis, and ends with methanogenesis. For example,
complex organics such as lipids are broken down to their elemental building
blocks by hydrolysis. COD is not reduced. Then, exoenzymes are secreted. The
basic building blocks include fatty accids are then further broken down again by
hydrolysis into alcohols and then to fatty acids or small molecular sizes. The
product of this process is acetic acid. The process is known as acidogenesis. The
final setp is the conversion of hydrolysis and acidogenecis products to methane
and carbon dioxide. The process is known as methanogenesis.
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Biological Treatment
An example of a suspended growth system which is an aerobic treatment is
the activated sludge. The system of activated sludge is first, the wastewater that is
formerly pretreated enters the aeration tank. Then, it is mixed with a suspension of
microbes with oxygen. These microbes then metabolize the organic pollutants in
the wastewater, converting then to more microbes, carbon dioxide, water, and
low-molecular-weight organics. Then, the mixed liquor (mixture of wastewater
and suspension of microbes) is flowed into the clarifier so that the solids settle on
the bottom of the tank. Then, the clarified wastewater exits the system. The solids
that are settled are either returned to the aeration tank or are wasted.