Diverse Voices--Committed Organizations: African American Leaders of the 1920s Struggled for civil rights in the era of Jim Crow laws and lynchings.
Were role models for James Weldon Johnson
thousands of followers as they stood for the rule of law. Marcus Garvey Connected with colored people of every nationality. W.E.B. DuBois Tried to change public policy to reflect democratic ideals. Phillip Randolph The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Advocated for civil rights
1921-22--Fought for Dyer Anti-lynching Bill
First Publicized barbaric mob behavior in a Hand country that was supposed to be devoted to accounts rule of law of NAACP NAACP First campaign by a civil rights organization to lobby Congress A Short Won favorable publicity and goodwill Video History of the NAACP NAACP website National Urban League: Empowerment A historic civil rights organization dedicated to economic empowerment in order to elevate the standard of living in historically underserved urban communities.
Founded in 1910 and headquartered in New York City
Spearheads the efforts of its local affiliates through the
development of programs, public policy research and advocacy.
Today, the National Urban League has 88 affiliates serving
300 communities, in 36 states and the District of Columbia, providing direct services that impact and improve the lives of more than 2 million people Brief Video History of nationwide. First Hand Accounts Urban League Urban League UNIA Response to Racism Promote racial pride: Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA)
Foster cooperation among
peoples of African descent
Exert diplomatic influence Brief video
history of UNIA through Pan African congresses Liberate the minds of men, and UNIA website Primary Source ultimately, you will liberate the s bodies of men. --Marcus Garvey Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
First Hand Accounts of the Sleeping Car Porters
Songs, Stories, Details on Porters
Struggle for Rights Video Documentary
W.E.B. Dubois: Journalist, Educator, Civil Rights Activist(18681963)
W.E.B. Du Bois was one of
the most important African- American activists during the first half of the 20th century. He co-founded the NAACP and supported Pan- Africanism.
Brief Biography of DuBois
The problem of the twentieth century is the problem of W.E.B. Dubois Documents the color-line -- the relation of the darker to the lighter races of men in Asia and Africa, in America and the Primary Sources islands of the sea. It was a phase of this problem that caused the Civil War. Voices: James Weldon Johnson: Activist and Poet Field Secretary, CEO of NAACP, 1916-30
Worked to increase NAACP membership
from 9,000 (1916) to 90,000 (1920)
Diplomat and negotiator
Published descriptions and photographs of
lynchings
Blamed both Democrats and Republicans
for ignoring needs of black people
Urged blacks to vote against Republicans
who are in league with the KKK Lift Every Voice and Sing Johnsons Contradictory Ideas about Racial Issues Johnson But also... supported...
Equal access to Supported all-
public facilities black YMCA in Harlem
Equal treatment Separate
of blacks in training of black military Army officers
NAACP building Do not move
on 5th Avenue NAACP building in NYC to Harlem Johnsons Building all Poem: The Creation Supported black black veterans pride, but hospital in thought back to Alabama staffed Africa Marcus Garvey: Black Pride Marcus Garvey Memorial A. Phillip Randolph: Agitator, Activist, Labor Leader Trailblazing leader: Brotherhood of Video: Randolphs Influence Sleeping Car Porters Championed equitable labor rights for African-American communities during the 20th century Driving force in ending racial discrimination in government defense factories and desegregating the armed forces Organized the March on Washington, 1963 Primary Sources Randolph: Brief Biography