Anjuman-i-Islams

M. H. Saboo Siddik College of Engineering

Department OF Civil Engineering

DESIGN OF CONNECTIONS
AS PER IS: 800 (2007)

Dr. Ganesh S Kame

Professor
B. E. (CIVIL), M. E.
(STRUCTURE),
Ph.D. (IITB)
Teaching: 19 Years,
Research: 03 Years,
Others:01 Year
FDP ON IS 800-2007 IN DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES
JAN. 20, 2017 : JAN. 22, 2017
AIKTC - ANJUMAN-I-ISLAM'S KALSEKAR TECHNICAL CAMPUS
4/13/17 1
 INTRODUCTION
ANATOMY OF STEEL STRUCTURE:
An assembly of pieces of sections joined together to form a structure
as whole

VIDEO\01 Structural Steel Frame Anatomy and Process.mp

4
4/13/17 2
 Types of connections
Based on the rigidity of the joint

1.Simple or 2. Rigid or moment 3. Semi-rigid

resisting .Designed in such a
flexible
way that it offers
. It does not offer .Designed in such a way
that it offers resistance resistance against
resistance against
against rotation and also rotation but less
rotation and also
termed as a moment than rigid
termed as a hinged or
resisting connections. connections
pinned connections.
.Along with axial or
. It transfers only axial Along with axial or shear
forces it transfers shear forces it
or shear forces and it
moment. partially transfers
is not designed for
It is generally connected moment.
moment
by multiple bolts/rivets .The rotations are
. It is generally
and therefore rotation is allowed but the
connected by single
not allowed. magnitude is less
bolt/rivetSimple (shear)and
VIDEO\1_1 VIDEO\7 MOMENT CONNE VIDEO\5 SEATED CONNEC
Connection in Typical S CTION.mp4 than
TION.mp4the rigid
therefore full rotation
teel Structures.mp4
connections
Note:
is allowedIn actual practice, connections are neither simple nor
perfectly rigid,
but they can be idealized as simple, rigid and semi-
4/13/17 3
rigid.
 Types of connections
ased on the internal forces transferred
B
1. Beam end 2. Axially loaded 3. Eccentrically loaded
connections: connections connections:
I. Framed .These are assumed I. Connections in which
connections: Web of to be hinged moment acting in the
the beam is .Ideally, members plane of joint (i.e. joint
connected directly should be connected subjected to shear force
to the column or by one bolt. and torsional moment)
another beam .If, connected by two II. Connections in which
II. Seated connections: or more bolts or moment acting
a) Stiffened welds, results in to perpendicular to the plane
b) Unstiffened the development of of joint (i.e. joint
flange of the beam is small partial fixity subjected to shear force
connected to column which can be ignored. and bending moment)
with the help of Question: In which
Question: In which Question: Give
seating arrangement category it will fall in
category it will fall in category
previous classification?
previous classification? and an example of this
classification? Answer :
Answer Answer :
1. Simple or flexible 2. Rigid or
1.Simple or flexible moment
4/13/17 Truss member joints 4
 Types of connections Few
Video
VIDEO\1SHEAR CONNECTION.mp4

VIDEO\2 SHEAR CONNECTION WELD

ED.mp4
VIDEO\3 SHEAR CONNECTION WELD
ED.mp4
VIDEO\5 SEATED CONNECTION.mp4

VIDEO\9 END PLATE MOMENT CONNECTION.mp4

VIDEO\10 BEAM SPLICING.mp4

VIDEO\12 COLUMN SPLICING.mp4

4/13/17 5
 FRAMED CONNECTIONS

4/13/17 6
 SEAT CONNECTION

Unstiffened Seat Connections

4/13/17 7
 SEAT CONNECTION

Stiffened Seat Connections

4/13/17 8
 BRACKET CONNECTIONS

1)Bolted bracket type I connections

2)Bolted bracket type II connections
3)Welded bracket type I connections
4)Welded bracket type II connections

4/13/17 9
 Eccentric Connections

Applied load does not pass through C.G of connections

Fig 2
4/13/17 10
 Forces On Bracket Type
1

4/13/17 11
 Bolted Bracket Connections
Type 2

4/13/17 12
 Bolted Bracket Connections
Type 2

4/13/17 13
 Welded Bracket Connections
Type 1

4/13/17 14
 Welded Bracket Connections
Type 2

4/13/17 15
 Design considerations for
connections
Designed more conservatively than members
because they are more complex to analyse and
discrepancy between analysis and design is large

In case of overloading, failure in member is

preferred to failure in connection

Connections account for more than half the cost

of structural steel work

Connection design has influence over member

design

Similar to members, connections are also classified

as idealised types effected through rivets, bolts or
weld

4/13/17 Codal Provisions 16

 Types of Fasteners

Rivets:
Use of rivets is becoming obsolete as it requires
preheating, skilled supervision, more labour and riveting
equipment.
Therefore, emphasis is given on design of bolts and design
of rivets is similar to design of bolts.
 Types of Fasteners
Bolts
Black Bolts: (IS:1363 -Part 1, 2 and 3, 2002)
made up of mild steel bars with square of
hexagonal head
commonly used and less expensive.
commonly used for light structures
not recommended for connections subjected to
impact, fatigue and dynamic loads.

h of black bolt
ade: Grade 4.6 :- fu = 400 N/mm2 and fy = 0.6*400 = 24
 Types of Fasteners
Bolts
High strength bolts:
They are made up of bars of
medium carbon steel bars
The bolts of property class 8.8
and 10.9 are commonly used
in steel construction and
identified by 8.8S and
10.9S marking on the bolt
head. Suffix S denotes high
strength bolt.
grade 4.6 to 8.8
 Types of Fasteners
Bolts
High strength friction grip (HSFG) bolts:
They conform to IS:3757-1985
These are the bolts with induced initial tension.
They do not allow slip between the connected members
Due to the high strength, no. of bolts required are less and size of gusset
plate required is also less.
grades from 8.8 to 10.9
 Parts
Partsof
ofthe
theBolt
BoltAssembly
Assembly
Grip Washer
Washer Nut
Face

Shan Thread
Head k
Length

Grip is the distance from behind the bolt head to the back of the nut
or washer
It is the sum of the thicknesses of all the parts being joined
exclusive of washers
Thread length is the threaded portion of the bolt
Bolt
4/13/17 length is the distance from behind the bolt head
21to the end of the
bolt
 Types of Fasteners

Advantages Disadvantages
The bolting operation is
very silent. If subjected to
Bolting is cold process vibratory loads, results
hence there is no risk of in reduction in
fire. strength get loosened.
Bolting operation is more Unfinished bolts have
quicker than riveting. lesser strength
Less man power is because of non
required in making the uniform diameter.
connections.

4/13/17 22
 Design using Bolted
Connections

4/13/17 23
 Essential background
Table 1 Tensile Properties of Structural Steel Products, IS
800:2007, (Clauses 1.3.113, 1.3.119 and 2.2.4.2)

24
0
32
0

4/13/17 24
 Essential background
Table 5 Partial Safety Factor for Materials, m
(Clause 5.4. 1)

4/13/17 25
 Some typical
arrangement
ssification based on type of force in the bolts

Single
shear

Double
shear
a) Lap b) Butt
Connection Connection
Shear Connections

(a
(b)
)
Tension Connection Tension
4/13/17 plus Shear Connection 26
 Force Transfer
Mechanism
(a) Bearing
Connection
T
Bearing stresses

(b) Friction
Connection
T
Tension
Frictional Force in bolt
Clamping Force, T
PO T

Clamping Force,
PO
Bolt Shear Transfer Free Body Diagram

4/13/17 27
 Failure Of
Connections
hear Connections with Bearing Bolts

(a) Shearing of Bolts

Bearing Bearin
Yield g
Fractur
e
(b) Bearing on Bolts

(c) Bearing on Plates

Bearin
g
Fractur
e
Bearin
Zone of
4/13/17 g Yield 28
plastification
 Bearing Joints

In a bearing joint the connected elements are assumed to

slip into bearing against the body of the bolt
If the joint is designed as a bearing joint the load is
transferred through bearing whether the bolt is installed
snug-tight or pretensioned
4/13/17 29
 Threads in the Shear Plane
The shear plane is the
plane between two or
more pieces under load
where the pieces tend to
move parallel from each
other, but in opposite
directions
The threads of a bolt
may either be included
in the shear plane or Threads Included In The Shear Plane
excluded from the shear
plane
The capacity of a bolt is
greater with the threads
excluded from the shear
plane

4/13/17 Threads Excluded From The Shear Plane30

Codal Requirements of Bolted
Connections
Clearance of fastener holes (10.2.1):
Sr. No. Nominal Standard Oversize Clearance in
size of clearance in clearance length of the
Fastener diameter and in diameter slot in mm
in mm (d) width of slot in mm Short Long
in mm slot slot

1 12-14 1.0 3.0 4.0 2.5d

2 16-22 2.0 4.0 6.0 2.5d
3 24 2.0 6.0 8.0 2.5d
4 >24 3.0 8.0 10.0 2.5d
Minimum Spacing (10.2.2):
Minimum pitch = 2.5d,
Where d = nominal diameter of the fastener
 Codal Requirements of Bolted
Maximum Connections
Spacing (10.2.3):
In general, max. pitch = 32t or 300 mm
whichever is less
For tension member, maximum pitch = 16t or
200 mm whichever is less
For compression member, maximum pitch = 12t
or 200 mm whichever is less
For consecutive fasteners in a line adjacent
and parallel to an edge of an outside plate
maximum gauge = 100+4t or 200 mm
whichever is less
where t = thickness of thinner plate in
connection
Codal Requirements of Bolted
Connections
Edge and end distances (10.2.4):
Minimum edge and end distances = 1.5 times the hole
diameter in case of rolled, machine-flame cut, sawn
and planed edges measured from centre of any hole
to the nearest edge of a plate.

Minimum edge and end distances = 1.7 times

the hole diameter in case of sheared or hand-
flame cut edges
 Codal Requirements of Bolted
Connections

Effective areas of bolts (10.3.1)

For shear plane in plain part o
effective areas of bolt is given by
bolt at shank. (i.e)
For shear plane in threaded part
effective areas of bolt is given by
bolt at root of the thread (i.e)
In absence of data,
 Codal Requirements of Bolted
Connections
Design Strength of Bolt

Shear capacity of the bolt (10.3.3):

The nominal shear capacity of the bolt is give
where

Asb =Nominal plain shank area of the bolt

An =Net shear area of bolt at threads corresponding
b
to the root diameter of the thread
fub =Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt
nn = No. of shear planes with threads intercepting the shear
plane
ns = No. of shear planes without threads intercepting the
shear plane
 Codal Requirements of Bolted
Connections
Design Strength of Bolt

Shear capacity of the bolt (10.3.3

The design shear capacity of the bolt is given
 Codal Requirements of Bolted
Connections
Design Strength of Bolt

Bearing capacity of the bolt (10.3
The nominal bearing capacity of the
plate is given by: where
kb =
e, p = End and pitch distances of fasteners along
bearing direction
do = Diameter of bolt hole
fub,fu = Ultimate tensile strength of the bolt & plate respectively
t = Thickness of the connected plates experiencing bearing
stress in the same direction
Codal Requirements of Bolted
Connections
Design Strength of Bolt
 Codal Requirements of Bolted
Connections
Design Strength of Bolt
Design strength of the bolt
(10.3.2):
The design strength of the bolt,
Vdb :
Shall be taken as the smaller of the
value as governed by,
1. Shear, Vdsb and
2. Bearing, Vdpb.
 Codal Requirements of Bolted
Connections
Design Strength of Bolt

Reduction in design strength of t
Long joints (10.3.3.1):
When the length of the joint, lj containing
two bolts (i.e. the distance between the fi
rows of bolts in the joint measured in the
the load) exceeds 15d in the direction
nominal shear capacity Vdb shall be redu
factor lj given by
 Codal Requirements of Bolted
Connections
Design Strength of Bolt

Reduction in design strength of t
Large grip lengths (10.3.3.2):
When the grip length, lg (equal to the tot
of connected plates) exceeds the conne
exceeds 5 times the diameter, d of th
design shear capacity shall be reduced by
given by
 Codal Requirements of Bolted
Connections
Design Strength of Bolt

Reduction in design strength of t
Packing plates (10.3.3.3):
The design shear capacity of bolts car
through a packing plate in excess of 6 m
decreased by a factor pk given by

Where tpk = thickness of the thicker packin

 Codal Requirements of Bolted
Connections
Design Strength of Bolt

Tension capacity of the bolt (10
The nominal tension capacity of the bolt is

The design tension capacity of the bolt is g

Where

fub = Ultimate tensile strength of the

bolt
An = Net tensile area of the bolt
Asb = Shank area of the bolt
 Example 1

Q. Determine the bolt value of 16 mm

diameter bolt 4.6 grade connecting 8
mm thick plate of 410 grade in
(i) Single shear and (ii) Double shear

For 4.6 grade bolt,

fub = 400 Mpa, Asb = 201 mm2
fyb = 60% of fub Anb = 0.78 x Asb
= 0.6x400 = 156 mm2
= 240 Mpa
 Example 1

= 0.462x400x(1x156)x10-3 = 2x1x16x8x
= 28.8 kN in single shear = 104.96 kN
= 57.6 kN in double shear

Bolt value = 28.8 kN in single shear

= 57.6 kN in double shear
 Example 2

Q. Design a lap joint between the plates of size

80x10 mm and 80x8 mm thick so as to transfer
a factored load of 80 kN using single row of
bolts of grade 4.6 and grade 410 plate

For 4.6 grade bolt of 16 mm diameter,

fub = 400 Mpa, d = 16 mm Asb = 201 mm2
fyb = 60% of fub d0 = 18 mm Anb = 0.78 x Asb
= 0.6x400 e = 1.7x18 = 30.6 mm = 156 mm2
= 240 Mpa Say 35 mm
p = 2.5x16 = 40 mm
 Example 2

= 0.462x400x(1x156)x10-3
= 28.8 kN in single shear

Kb = Smaller of
Kb = 0.49
 Example 2

= 2x0.49x16x8x410x10-3
= 51.43 kN in bearing
Bolt value = 28.8 kN
No. of Bolts =
Check: Lj = 2x40 = 80 mm < (15d = 15x16 = 2
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
Lg = 10+8 = 18 mm < (5d = 5x16 = 80 mm)
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
No reduction for packing plate.
 Example 3

Q. A bridge truss diagonal carries an axial pull of

250 kN. Two plates of 200x10 mm and 200x16
mm are required to be joined together by butt
joint. Design suitable double cover butt joint
with bolts of grade 4.6 and grade 410 plate

For 4.6 grade bolt of 20 mm diameter,

fub = 400 Mpa, d = 20 mm Asb = 314 mm2
fyb = 60% of fub d0 = 22 mm Anb = 0.78 x Asb
= 0.6x400 e = 1.7x22 = 37.4 mm = 245 mm2
= 240 Mpa Say 40 mm
p = 2.5x20 = 50 mm
 Example 3

Packing plate 6 thick

200x16 plate
200x10 plate
250
250 kN kN
Cover plates 8 thick
35 35 35 40 40
 Example 3

= 0.462x400x(2x245)x10-3
= 90.55 kN in single shear

Kb = Smaller of
Kb = 0.58
 Example 3

For connection on 16 mm plate

= 2x0.58x16x20x410x10-3
= 152.19 kN in bearing on 16m
Bolt value = 90.55 kN
No. of Bolts =
Check: Lj = 0 < (15d = 15x20 = 300 mm)
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
Lg = 20+8+8 = 36 mm < (5d = 5x20 = 100 mm
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
No reduction for packing plate.
 Example 3

For connection on 10 mm plate

= 2x0.58x20x10x410x10-3
= 95.12 kN in bearing on 10mm
For packing plate = 1-0.0125x10 = 0.875
Bolt value = 0.875x90.55 = 79.23 kN
No. of Bolts =
Check: Lj = 50 < (15d = 15x20 = 300 mm)
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
Lg = 20+8+8 = 36 mm < (5d = 5x20 = 100 mm
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
 Example 4

Q. Figure shows the joint in the bottom chord

member of a truss, design the connection using
M16 black bolt of property class 4.6 and grade
410 steel sections.

75 kN
(ISA50X50X8) 135 kN
B C
(ISA75X75X8)

370 kN (2- 250 kN (2-

ISA100X100X8) A O D ISA100X100X8)
 Example 4

For 4.6 grade1 bolt of 20 mm diameter,

6
fub = 400 Mpa, d = 16 mm Asb = 201
fyb = 60% of fub d0 = 18 mm Anb = 0.78
= 0.6x400 e = 1.7x18 = 30.6 mm =1
= 240 Mpa Say 35 mm
p = 2.5x16 = 40 mm

= 0.462x400x(1x156)x10-3
= 28.8 kN in single shear
= 57.6 kN in double shear
 Example 4

Let gusset plate be 10 mm thick

Kb = Smaller of
Kb = 0.49
 Example 4

For connection on 8 mm plate

= 2x0.49x16x8x410x10-3
= 51.43 kN in bearing on 8mm
For connection on 10 mm plate
= 2x0.49x16x10x410x10-3
= 64.29 kN in bearing on 8mm
For single angle members, bolt value = 28.8 kN
For single
doubl angle members, bolt value = 57.6 kN
e
 Example 4

For member OB
No. of Bolts =
Check: Lj = 80 < (15d = 15x16 = 240 mm)
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
Lg = 10+8 = 18 mm < (5d = 5x16 = 80 mm)
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
No reduction for packing plate.
 Example 4

For member OC
No. of Bolts =
Check: Lj = 160 < (15d = 15x16 = 240 mm)
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
Lg = 10+8 = 18 mm < (5d = 5x16 = 80 mm)
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
No reduction for packing plate.
 Example 4

For member OA if OA and OD are discontinuous

No. of Bolts =
Check: Lj = 240 < (15d = 15x16 = 240 mm)
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
Lg = 10+20 = 30 mm < (5d = 5x16 = 80 mm)
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
No reduction for packing plate.
 Example 4

For member OD if OA and OD are discontinuous

No. of Bolts =
Check: Lj = 160 < (15d = 15x16 = 240 mm)
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
Lg = 10+20 = 30 mm < (5d = 5x16 = 80 mm)
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
No reduction for packing plate.
 Example 4

For member OA and OD if they are continuous a

No. of Bolts =
Check: Lj = 80 < (15d = 15x16 = 240 mm)
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
Lg = 10+20 = 30 mm < (5d = 5x16 = 80 mm)
Therefore no reduction in strength as per l
No reduction for packing plate.
 Welded connections

4/13/17 63
 Types of Fasteners
Welds: They conform to IS:816-1969, IS:9595-
1996.
Efficient and direct way of connecting is by welding
Metallurgical bond by heat or pressure or both

Types of weld
Gas welding - Oxyacetelene welding , simple , slow,
repair and maintenance work

Arc welding - All structural welding

Electric arc by use of electric energy

4/13/17 64
 Types of Fasteners
Classification of welds

(b) Fillet welds

(a) Groove welds
Ends shall be semi
circular

A A A A

Section A-A
Section A-
A

(d) Plug weld (c) Slot weld

 Types of Fasteners
Fillet welds: Advantages
Ease of fabrication and adaptability
Less precision
No special edge preparation
Throat of a weld Weld and leg size
Concave and convex surfaces
Face of weld
Theoretical throat
(t=0.707s)
s

t
Te
Root of weld

4/13/17 66
 Types of Fasteners
Symbolic representation of welds

(Ref. IS:813 - 1986 Scheme of symbols for welding )

When the welding is to be done in the field

A continuous weld all around a joint is indicated by a

small circle
4/13/17 67
 Types of Fasteners
Drawing Example

4/13/17 68
 Requirements of Welded
Connections
Size of the weld S (10.5.2):
Minimum size of weld =3 mm
Depending on the thickness of the thicker
plate to be connected, minimum size of weld
should be
Thickness of Minimum size of
thicker plate weld in mm
Upto 10 mm 3
11 to 20 mm 5
21 to 32 mm 6
33 to 50 mm 10 - 8 (first run)
 Requirements of Welded

Connections
General (10.5.1):
Minimum end return 2S
(important for sides carrying bending tension)
For lap joint Minimum lap 4t_ or 40 mm whichever
is greater
Single fillet weld is not subjected to moment about its
longitudinal axis
 Requirements of Welded
Connections
Size of the weld S (10.5.2):
If minimum size of weld is greater than the
thickness of thinner member, minimum size of
weld should be thickness of thinner member
Size of butt weld is specified by effective
throat thickness
 Requirements of Welded
Connections
Effective throat thickness - t
(10.5.3):
For fillet weld t 3 mm
t 0.7x tmin of member
For stress calculation in fillet weld, t =
Angle 60- 91- 101- 107- 114-
K.
between 90 100 106 113 120
fusion faces
in degrees
K 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.50
 Requirements of Welded
EffectiveConnections
throat thickness - t (10.5.3):
For full penetration butt weld, t = tmin of
connected members
For incomplete penetration butt weld t =
minimum thickness of weld metal common to the
parts joined.
 Requirements of Welded

Connections
Effective length of weld - l (10.5.4):
w
For fillet weld, actual length of weld = lw+2S
4S
For butt weld, lw 4S

Intermittent welds (10.5.5):

For fillet weld,
lw 4S or minimum of 40 mm
Clear spacing between weld lengths
12t or maximum of 200 mm for compression
member
16t or maximum of 200 mm for tension member
Where t is the thickness of the thinner part.
 Requirements of Welded

Connections
Intermittent welds (10.5.5):
For butt weld,
lw 4S or minimum of 40 mm
Clear spacing between weld lengths
16 times the thickness of the thinner member

Note: Intermittent welds shall not be used for

members subjected to dynamic loads, and
reversal of stresses.
 Design Strength of Weld

Design stresses in welds (10.5.7

Fillet welds
Design strength of fillet weld
Where

mw = 1.25 and 1.5 for shop weld and

respectively
Butt welds
Stresses in welds are same as that of pa
 Design Strength of Weld

Reduction Factor
When the length of the welded join
than 150 tt, the design capacity of w
reduced by the factor

Where
lj = length of the joint in the directi
transfer
tt = throat size of the weld.
 Example 5
Q. An ISA 125x95x10 carries a factored tensile
force of 420 kN and it is connected by its longer
leg to 8 mm thick gusset plate. Design a
suitable welded joint using
(i) 6 mm fillet weld on toe and heel
(ii) 6 mm fillet weld on toe heel and at end also
(iii) 6 mm fillet weld on toe and 8 mm fillet weld at heel
and end.
 Example 5

(i) 6 mm fillet weld on toe and heel

Let Pu1 and P
acting on toe
P is acting
of angle sect
38.9 mm from
Taking momen
about heel
Pu1 =
Pu2 =
 Example 5

(i) 6 mm fillet weld on toe and heel

Smin = 3 mm
Smax = > 6 m
Therefore we
weld i.e. S = 6
Throat thickne
4.2 mm
Strength of we
= 236 Mpa
= = 189 MPa
 Example 5

(i) 6 mm fillet weld on toe and heel

Strength of w
length
=
= 189 x 4.2 =
Length of we
heel
=

Length of we
toe
 Example 5

(ii) 6 mm fillet weld on toe, heel and end

Let Pu1 Pu2 and
acting on toe
end P is
centroid of ang
e. at 38.9 mm
Smin = 3 mm < 6 mm
Smax = > 6 m
Therefore we can use 6 mm weld i.e. S = 6 mm
 Example 5

 Example 5

(ii) 6 mm fillet weld on toe , heel and end

Strength of
length
=
= 189 x 4.2 =
Length of weld required on heel
=

Length of we
toe
=
 Example 5

(iii) 6 mm fillet weld on toe and 8 mm on heel and

Let Pu1 Pu2 and
acting on toe,
P is acting
angle section i.
from heel.
On heel and to
Throat thickne
5.6 mm
Strength of we
Where = = 236 Mpa = = 189 Mpa

Example 5
(iii) 6 mm fillet weld on toe and 8 mm on heel and
Taking moment
heel
Pu1 = Pu2 =

Strength of weld per mm len

heel =
= 189 x 5.6 = 1058 N/mm
Length of weld required on heel = say 220 mm

Example 5
(iii) 6 mm fillet weld on toe and 8 mm on heel and
Strength of weld per mm len
toe =
= 189 x 4.2
Length of weld required on toe
= say 90 mm
 Eccentric connections

4/13/17 88
Bracket Connection - Type -1:
When torque or twisting moment is in
the plane of onnection the
connections may be termed as a
bracket connection type-I This
situation occurs when line of action of
load is in the plane of bolted
connection and centre of gravity of
connection is the centre of rotation

4/13/17 Forces on bolts bracket connection type-I 89

 The forces due to direct shear F1 and due to torque F2 are
given by,

4/13/17 90
 Examples: 6
Determine safe load P that can be carried by a bolted bracket connection
as shown in Fig. The bolts are 20 mm diameter of grade 4.6. The
thickness of the flange of l-section is 10.6 mm and that of bracket plate is
mm.

4/13/17 91
4/13/17 92
4/13/17 93
 Examples: 7
Design a bracket connection using 4.6 grade black bolt of
suitable size to
transmit a factored load of 135 kN (applied on a 12 mm thick
bracket plate)
to the flange of a column ISHB 225. The load eccentricity is
Solution
200 mm
(i) Load P for which bracket
measured from the column axis as shown in figure. (MU 2014,
designed :
10 Mark)
The design load P is always
considered 50% of the reaction
transferred by the beam. But
in this case P is directly given.
(ii) Design of bolts :
P = 135 kN
Using M20 black bolts of grade 4.6

Strength of bolt: (cl. 10.3.2, IS 800-2007)

Fub = 400N/mm2
d = 20 mm do = 20 + 2 = 22 mm
emin = 1.5 do = 1.5x22 = 33 mm,
Pmin = 2.5 xd = 2.5x20 = 50mm =
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60 mm 94
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 Detailing

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 Bracket Connection Type-ll :
When the bending moment of
eccentric force P is in a plane
perpendicular to the plane
of connection then the bracket
connection is termed as bracket
connection type-II

Forces on bolts bracket connection

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 Examples: 7
Determine P. Use 2ISA 100 x 100 x 12 mm angle. Use 20 mm dia bolts for
connection. The thickness of bracket plate is 16 mm as shown in
Fig. (MU 2013, 10 Mark)

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 Examples: 8
sign of Welded Bracket Connection :
Plate is conA10 mm thick
bracket nected with the
flange of an ISHB 250 @ 51
kg/m column using 8 mm
size of shop weld as shown
in Figure Find the maximum
value of load P that can
safely be applied on the
bracket.

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 Examples: 9
A bracket plate is welded to the
flange of a column section ISHB
300@ 618 N/m as shown in Fig.
Calculate the size of weld
required to support a factored load
220 kN. Assume shop welding.

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 References

1. Technical volume of National workshop on Design of steel

structures using revised IS800:2007 By Dr. M. R. Shiyekar
2. Dr. V. L. Shah, Veena Gore (2009), Limit State Design of Steel
Structures
3. N. Subramanian (2008), Design of Steel Structures, Oxford
4. IS800 (2007), General Construction in Steel - Code of Practice
Third Revision, BIS Publication
5. S. K. Duggal (2009), Design of Steel Structure - 3rd Edition,
Tata McGraw-Hill Education
6. S. S. Bhavikatti (2009), Design Of Steel Structures (By Limit
State Method As Per IS: 800 2007), I. K. International Pvt Ltd.
7. Pasala Dayaratnam (2008), Design Of Steel Structures, S
Chand
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 Thank you

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