Repairs In Long Span Rooms

Long Spans in Buildings

Any span that is greater than 8M or 12M is considered as long span.

Long spans are either or not supported by intermediate beams, girders.

Types of long spanning with different materials

o Wooden slab with girders or trusses
o Concrete slabs with reinforced beams
o Steel trusses with miscellaneous materials
o Wooden slab with wooden beams
 Failures In Long Spans
Crack Failures
Failures in long spans is caused due to the
following main reasons :
Improper structure designing
Excessive loading
Natural disasters

Crack & Spalling In Structural Members :

Cracks Occur Due To Settlement In Foundation

Cracks Due To Earth Quack ,Wind
Crack Due To Overloading Of Structure
Crack Due To Reduction in Load Carrying
Capacity of Structure Due To Weathering
Crack Due To Improper Design Of Structure
Crack due to Poor connection Of Structural
Members Resulted From Poor Workmanship
Failures In Long Spans
 Failures And Rehabilitation In Concrete Slabs
And Beams
Crack Investigation
o Location
o Profile (vertical, Horizontal, Diagonal)
o Crack Size throughout length (Width,Depth & length)
Thin crack< 1mm
Medium Crack >1 to 2 mm
Wide Crack > 2 mm
Crack may be non-uniform width. i.e. Tapper
in width(narrow at one end & wider at other end. )
Static or Live cracks
Failures And Rehabilitation In Concrete Slabs
And Beams

These Crack occur

around opening
due to drying
shrinkage &
thermal
movement in a
building resulting
Failures And Rehabilitation In Concrete Slabs
Failures And Rehabilitation In Concrete Beams
 Failures And Rehabilitation In TIMBER
SECTIONS

For high performing and long span timber members the

typical failure modes are described in detail in the
following sections:
CRACKS
The most common type of failure was observed as the
appearance of cracks in grain direction. The variation of
the surrounding climate at a timber beam changes the
moisture content and lead to shrinkage or swelling of
the cross section.
Non uniform distributions of the moisture content over
the cross section lead to internal stresses and leads to
cracks in the cross section which can significantly
reduce strength.
 Failures And Rehabilitation In TIMBER
SECTIONS

BENDING
Bending results in longitudinal tension and compression stresses
distributed over the depth of the cross section. The tension stress leads
to a brittle failure due to the rupture of the wood.
COMPRESSION
Failure under compression stress perpendicular to the grain can also be
described as a ductile failure with plastic deformations and occurs
mainly at supports or at loading points where high loads have to be
transferred.
TENSION
Tension stress has to be considered parallel to the grain and
perpendicular to the grain directions. When the tensile capacity of the
timber is exceeded, brittle failure occurs.
Failure under tension stress perpendicular to the grain occurs more
often. Therefore, wood products are mostly optimised to increase the
tension strength perpendicular to the grain.
 Failures And Rehabilitation In Timber
Structures
Crack & Spalling In Timber Structuers

cracks occuring due to rotting in timber

cracks due to earth quack ,wind
crack due to overloading of structure
crack due to reduction in load carrying capacity
of structure due to over weathering of timber.
crack due to improper design of structure
Poorly done rivetting and bolting
Far spaced intermediate beams.
Failures And Rehabilitation In Timber
Structures

FIXING WITH EPOXY GLASSFIBRE BARS

Failures And Rehabilitation In Timber
Structures

Jacking Of Wooden
Beams
Failures And Rehabilitation In Timber
Structures

Filling Minor Cracks With Epoxy Resin Injection

Failures And Rehabilitation in Steel Structures

Treating Of Steel
Members by

o Riveting and bolting steel

beams to girders
o Laminating with reinforced
timber section
o Riveting and bolting steel
beams to trusses
 Vinaya Pattur - 13041 AA 090
Bhavya - 13041 AA 104
Sameera Naazneen - 13041 AA 106
Jabili Sirineni - 13041 AA 107
Vasa Sravani - 13041 AA 115