Measurement While Drilling

Submitted to:-
Presentation by:-
Deptt. Of petroleum engg.
Himanshu Rajawat
UCE, RTU Kota
Final year
Including.

1. Introduction
2. Objective Of MWD
3. Telemetry Principle
4. Survey Sensors
5. Application of MWD
 Introduction

MWD is the process by which certain information is measured near

the bit and transmitted to surface without interrupting normal
drilling operations. The type of information may be :
(a) directional data (inclination, azimuth, toolface);
(b) formation characteristics (gamma-ray, resistivity logs);
(c) drilling parameter (downhole WOB, torque, rpm);
 Objectives of MWD

- Measurement the direction & inclination of

the wellbore
- Allow drilling tools to be oriented (mud
motors, whipstocks)
- provide mechanism for transmitting
downhole data to surface
- may provide gamma ray & drilling
mechanics measurements
- may provide power for lwd tools
 Telemetry Principle
Three types of telemetry systems are used:-
1. Positive Pulse System
2. Negative Pulse System
3. Continuous wave system
Positive Pulse System
Negative Pulse System
Continuous Wave
System
 Survey Sensors
1. Gamma-Ray Sensor
2. Resistivity Sensor
3. Temperature Sensor
4. Downhole WOB/ Torque
5. Turbine RPM
6. Standpipe Pressure Transducer
 Survey Sensors

1. Gamma-ray Sensor- Gamma-rays are emitted by

radioactive elements such as isotopes of potassium,
thorium and uranium. With this it is possible to identify
shale zones
2. Resistivity Sensor:- Resistivity is a measure of the
formations resistance to the flow of electric current. The
response from the formation will depend on the fluid
content. (Oil and gas act as insulator)
3. Temperature Sensor:- Monitors the annulus mud
temperature. The sensing element may be a strip of
platinum whose electrical resistance changes with
temperature.
 Survey Sensors
4. Downhole WOB/Torque:- Made by a system of
sensitive strain gauges mounted on the bit. The strain
gauges will detect axial forces for WOB and torsional
forces for torque.
5. Turbine RPM:- consists of a 2-in. diameter probe that is
placed very close to the top of the rotating turbine shaft.
As the shaft rotates, an electric coil within the probe picks
up voltage pulses due to the magnets. By counting the
number of pulses over a certain interval, the turbine speed
in rpm can be calculated.
 Application of MWD
1. Directional Surveying
2. Formation Evaluation
3. Drilling Parameter
Thank You For Your
Precious Time