Evolution and Inheritance

W hat do these term s m ean?

Evolution: change over time

Inheritance: when something is

passed on to the next generation
e.g. eye colour, skin-colour, height
etc.
W hen living things produce
off
spring,they pass on
characteristics to their off
spring
W hat characteristics have you
inherited from your parents?
D N A tells the cells w hat to do

DNA is the boss!!!! It tells the

cells how to make a human body.
Ge G enes
contain D N A
 Extinct Prim ates

A. Afarensis (Lucy) Homo erectus Neanderthal

Shared ancestor?
D ogs
W hat w ould happen ifa
Labrador crossed w ith a
poodle?
Labradoodle!!!!
W hy are offspring not identical
to their parents?
Lesson 2

Evolution: change over tim e

It is a theory,an idea w ith lots

ofevidence
W hat is the evidence?????

Fossils

M any species have becom e

extinct and continue to do so.

Bacteria resist anti-biotics

BBC BITESIZE Evolution ofthe
horse
W hat is a species?
Evolution m eans a species can
change over tim e and even
split into 2 new species.

Can be advantage
OR
disadvantage
 H abitats
(w here a living thing lives)
 H abitats

polar ocea jungl

n e

woodlan desert
d
 Adaptation

Living things have had to

adapt to their environm ents
over tim e in order to survive in
its habitat.
 Adaptation
Cold climates
Every organism has certain features
or characteristics that allow it to live
successfully in its habitat.
These features are called
adaptations, and we say that the
organism is adapted to its habitat.
Organisms living in different
habitats need different
adaptations.
H ow has the polar bear adapted to
life in a cold clim ate? Clip 12669
 Adaptation to a cold clim ate

a white
appearance,
camouflage from
prey

thick layers of fat

and fur

a greasy coat
 Artic plants

It is cold,w indy,very little

rainfall.

G row close to ground

H ave sm allleaves

H elps conserve w ater and

avoid w ind dam age
H ow has the cam eladapted to
a hot clim ate?
 Adaptation to a hot clim ate

2 rows of eyelashes and

slit-like nostrils to keep
the sand out
ability to go without
water for a long time
bility to tolerate very
high temperatures
thick fur on top for shade
and thin fur in other
places to allow heat to
escape
 stem s that can
store w ater

w idespread root
system s

spines instead of
leaves
 Extinction!!!

Individuals that are

poorly adapted to their
environment are less
likely to survive and
reproduce than those
that are well adapted.
Som e factors that cause
extinction

change in clim ate

diseases

new predators
 D odo
large flightless bird

Mauritius was
uninhabited

1638- The Dutch

colonised Mauritius.

Brought animals like

pigs, cats.

Dodo eggs were eaten.

 Challenges ofthe D esert

avoiding heat

fi
nding w ater

keeping w ater