CIVIL WAR AND

RECONSTRUCTIO
N
9 MAY 2017
PART 2
9 MAY 2017
OBJECTIVES: STUDENTS WILL
Identify the contributions of key figures in the
Civil War.
Explain the purpose of Reconstruction.
Analyze the social, economic, and political
changes brought about by the Reconstruction.

Bellwork: Take out your Civil War and

Reconstruction Packet and prepare to take notes.
NO COMPOSITION NOTEBOOKS!
THE TIDE TURNS

The Battle of Gettysburg June 1863

Occurred after Lee attempted to attack
within Union territory (Pennsylvania) again
Key battle that turned the tide against the
Confederates in the war
Lee retreated to VA; Lincolns general
Meade did not follow and defeat them for
a decisive victory, which angered Lincoln
THE TIDE TURNS

William Tecumseh Sherman general that

Lincoln sent to strike the lower South and
bring a victory to the Union that would help
him win re-election
During his March to the Sea (late 1864), he
practiced total war
Total War destroying civilian and economic
resources (not just military targets)
SURRENDER

1864 General Grant was transferred

to VA with the hopes that he would take
Richmond for the Union didnt work
1865 Grant managed to surround
Lees army and cut off their escape to
the south
Appomattox Courthouse April 1865
Lee surrenders to Grant
EFFECTS OF THE WAR

Total population 620,000 deaths due to the

war
Former slaves homeless, jobless
Southern economy was destroyed
Relationship between North and South
hostility between former slave owners and
the newly victorious North; a question of
how much the South should be punished for
its actions
RECONSTRUCTION

What was Reconstruction?

RECONSTRUCTION

What was Reconstruction?

The process of readmitting the former
Confederate states to the Union (1865-
1877)
RECONSTRUCTION

What was the Northern v. Southern

conflict during Reconstruction?
RECONSTRUCTION

What was the Northern v. Southern

conflict during Reconstruction?
Northerners wanted to punish the
South
Southerners wanted to preserve their
way of life
 RECONSTRUCTION

Describe the following new Reconstruction

amendments:
13th Amendment
 RECONSTRUCTION

Describe the following new Reconstruction

amendments:
13th Amendment 1865 made slavery illegal
throughout the entire US
14th Amendment
 RECONSTRUCTION

Describe the following new Reconstruction

amendments:
13th Amendment 1865 made slavery illegal
throughout the entire US
14th Amendment 1866 All people born in US /
naturalized are citizens; equal protection under the
law; guarantees due process; banned former
Confederates from holding office; state laws are
subject to federal review; Congress has power to
enforce the amendment
15th Amendment
 RECONSTRUCTION

Describe the following new Reconstruction

amendments:
13th Amendment 1865 made slavery illegal
throughout the entire US
14th Amendment 1866 All people born in US /
naturalized are citizens; equal protection under the
law; guarantees due process; banned former
Confederates from holding office; state laws are
subject to federal review; Congress has power to
enforce the amendment
15th Amendment 1870 - gave African American men
the right to vote
 RECONSTRUCTION

How could Southern states be readmitted to the

Union?
 RECONSTRUCTION

How could Southern states be readmitted to the Union?

Lincolns 10% Plan southerners would be pardoned for
all illegal acts supporting the rebellion if they:
Swore an oath of loyalty to the US
Agreed that slavery was illegal
Get 10% of voters to do the above and form a government

Wade-Davis Bill only allowed southerners who had not

acted in rebellion to vote, a majority had to take the
oath before rejoining the Union; Lincoln vetoes this bill
RECONSTRUCTION

Describe Andrew Johnsons

Presidential Reconstruction.
RECONSTRUCTION

Describe Andrew Johnsons

Presidential Reconstruction.
Returned property (except slaves) to
former Confederates that pledged
loyalty
Allowed Southern states to create their
own laws (like Black Codes)
RECONSTRUCTION

How were African Americans treated in

the South during Reconstruction?
RECONSTRUCTION

How were African Americans treated in the

South during Reconstruction?
Black Codes laws that greatly limited the
freedom of African Americans
Continued to see discrimination, particularly
laws that disallowed them to do certain
kinds of work, pay different taxes, or
disallowed them to vote.
RECONSTRUCTION

What was Radical Reconstruction?

RECONSTRUCTION

What was Radical Reconstruction?

Reconstruction under Radical Republicans,
who sought to force change in the south
Fought for African Americans right to vote,
right to fair laws, economic and political
justice
Supported the Freedmans Bureau, passed
the Civil Rights act of 1866 and 14th
amendment
RECONSTRUCTION

What was the Freedmans Bureau? How

did Johnson respond to it?
RECONSTRUCTION

What was the Freedmans Bureau? How

did Johnson respond to it?
Freedmans Bureau a government
agency providing relief for freed-people
and African American veterans in the
South
Provided food, education, and legal
help
RECONSTRUCTION

What was the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

RECONSTRUCTION

What was the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

Provided for African Americans with the
same rights as white Americans
Johnson vetoed, Congress overrode the
veto
Fearing it would be overturned, the 14 th
Amendment was created
RECONSTRUCTION

Why was Andrew Johnson impeached?

Was the impeachment successful?
RECONSTRUCTION

Why was Andrew Johnson impeached?

Was the impeachment successful?
He resisted the Radical Reconstruction
and tried to veto many laws.
He was successfully impeached in the
House, but acquitted in the Senate and
never removed from office.
RECONSTRUCTION

Political impacts of Reconstruction:

What was the conflict occurring in the
Federal government?
RECONSTRUCTION

Political impacts of Reconstruction: What

was the conflict occurring in the Federal
government?
Radical Republicans (who wanted to punish
Southerners and create huge changes for
African Americans) v. Democrats (who
wanted to reunify the Union quickly with
minimal requirements for Southerners)
RECONSTRUCTION

Political Impacts: How did citizenship

change?
RECONSTRUCTION

Political Impacts: How did citizenship

change?
African Americans were considered
citizens and African American men had
the right to vote
RECONSTRUCTION

Social impacts of Reconstruction: Did

African Americans really gain freedom?
Why or why not?
RECONSTRUCTION

Social impacts of Reconstruction: Did

African Americans really gain freedom?
Why or why not?
African Americans had gained citizenship
and their freedom from slavery, but Black
codes (and future Jim Crow laws) stopped
African Americans from realizing the full
rights of citizenship until the 20 th century.
 ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL
ISSUES
Many former slaves became sharecroppers
people given a plot of land owned by someone
else to farm; they had to pay rent to their
landlords and could keep or sell the surplus (extra)
Carpetbaggers Northern Republicans that moved
South after the war; accused by Southerners of
trying to make a profit
Many of them helped newly freed slaves and/or
bought old plantations / land
ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL
ISSUES
Scalawags Southern Republicans that
supported Reconstruction; hated by
Southern Democrats who saw them as
traitors to the South
 END OF CLASS

Objectives: Students will

Identify the contributions of key figures in the
Civil War.
Explain the purpose of Reconstruction.
Analyze the social, economic, and political
changes brought about by the Reconstruction.

Homework: Finish the study guide.