What are the main classes of lipids?

Where are they found in the cell?

LIPIDS
hydrophobic or amphipathic small molecule
Where did they come from?
ribosome Rough endoplasmic
mitochondrion reticulum (ER)

cytoplasm cell membrane

cytosol

lysosome

peroxisome
peroxisome

nucleus
smooth
endoplasmic
reticulum
free ribosome
Golgi complex
lipid droplet
monolayer
PL, C CE
TA
G

Fatty acids
Free (toxic unless esterified)
Esterifed in glycerophospholipids,
sphingolipids, glycerol lipids and
sterol lipids

Lipids Classes
What are the main classes of lipids?
Where are they found in the cell?
LIPIDS
hydrophobic or amphipathic small molecule
Where did they come from?
ribosome Rough endoplasmic
mitochondrion reticulum (ER)

cytoplasm cell membrane

cytosol

lysosome

peroxisome
peroxisome
peroxisome

nucleus
smooth
endoplasmic
reticulum
free ribosome
Golgi complex
lipid droplet

In cell membrane and

CE lipid droplets
TA
G

In membranes In lipid droplets

Fatty acids
Free (toxic unless esterified)
Esterifed in glycerophospholipids,
sphingolipids, glycerol lipids and
sterol lipids

Lipids Classes
at are the main classes of lipids ?
ere are they found in the cell?
LIPIDS
ere did they come from? Import /Export and Synthesis/Trafficking

ribosome Rough
mitochondrion endo.
reticulum
cytoplasm cell membrane
cytosol import
not to scale
FA C, GP Circulating
CE Lipoprotein
GL LDL from liver
lysosome
nucleus
Chylomicrons
from intestines
lipoprotein

peroxisome
peroxisome
peroxisome
lipoprotein
smooth
endoplasmic
reticulum
free ribosome FA
Golgi complex
not to scale
lipid droplet
FA
Exported FA from fat cells (adipocyte) Circulating FA (grey
bind to serum albumin lipoprotein spacefill) imported
for transport to tissue from adipoctyes bound to
CE protein: serum albumin;
GL FA to mitochondria for
oxidation/ATP prod.
not to scale

Circulating Lipoprotein
VLDL exported from liver
(synthesized) lipids
Chylomicrons exported from
intestines (ingested lipids)

IMPORT/EXPORT
hat are the main classes of lipids?
ere are they found in the cell?
LIPIDS
here did they come from? Import and Synthesis/Trafficking
synthesized in cytoplasm
Mostly in liver, mammary tissue

Rough
ribosome
endo
mitochondrion
. reticulu
m
cell membrane
cytoplasm FA
cytosol
elongation

FA

lysosome FA elongation, elongation

desaturation PM

GP FA
GL GP1
peroxisome
C
ST
PM GP
ER (smooth) SP2 Golgi: sorts lipids
C
main site of SP
lipid synthesis

smooth
endoplasmic
reticulum

Golgi complex
lipid droplet

C
PM

CE GP
Cardiolipin and phosphatidyl
ST GP1 glycerol (2 lipids also found in
bacteria, are made in the
mitochondrion

GL

Ceramide, a precursor
SP2 of SP,
is made in
mitochondria.