PLANNING

Planning(also calledforethought)
is the process ofthinkingabout and
organizing the activities required to
achieve a desired goal.
Planning is deciding in advance
what to do, how to do, when to do,
and who to do it. Its involves
anticipating the future and
conciously choosing the future
course of action.
 According to Haiman:

Planning is the function that

determines

in advance what should be done

 Planning Steps
1. Define the task
2. Identify Resources
3. Consider Alternative
4. Create the Plan
5. Work on the Plan
6. Evaluate the Plan
 4 TYPES OF
PLANNING

1. OPERATIONAL PLANNING
2. INTERMEDIATE PLANNING
3. CONTINGENCY PLANNING
4. STRATEGIC PLANNING
 1. OperationalPlanning
1.What is OPERATIONAL planning?
>short-range planning that deals with day-to-day
maintenance activities
>performed at a unit or departmental level
>done as part of the overall strategic planning
Ex1: Unit Director plans a meeting of staff nurses to
reinforce knowledge gained from orientation of new
staff may get endorsement from the Division
Chief Nurse who has set her own staff
development plan for the whole division.
Ex2: Unit Director reviews with staff medicine
supplies
 Steps in Operational
Planning
1.Set your objectives
2.Set your priorities
3.State your assumptions
4.Review any and all limitations
5.Develop your primary and back-up plans
6.Implement the plan
7.Set up a control system and follow up on
progress and results
 Application of Planning
Steps
CASE:
AS NURSE MANAGER OF THE UNIT,
YOU HAVE JUST BEEN INFORMED
THAT THE EMERGENCY ROOM IS
BUSY WITH ADMISSIONS. YOUR
UNIT HAS TWO ROOMS READY FOR
NEW ADMISSIONS. BUT YOU FIND
YOURSELF ASKING,WHAT IF THERE
WOULD BE MORE THAN TWO?
 2. INTERMEDIATE planning
2.What is INTERMEDIATE planning?
>a planning that is usually done in the
middle of the fiscal year
>process: mid-year appraisal followed
by affirming ongoing plans and setting
forth new plans for the rest of the year
>often covers issues about
performance, resources, and staff development
 EXAMPLE OF MID-YEAR PLANNING &
INTERVENTION
IN A MID-YEAR EVALUATION MEETING,TEAM A
REPORTS A WEAKNESS IN THE ORIENTATION
PROGRAM GIVEN TO NEW SUPERVISING CLINICAL
INSTRUCTOS FOR THE FIRST SEMESTER.

INPUTS ABOUT THE ONCOLOGY AND INTENSIVE

CARE UNITS WERE RATED POORLY. IN
PREPARATION FOR THE 2ND SEMESTER
ORIENTATION PROGRAM, IT WAS PLANNED TO
GET A NEW TEAM MEMBER WHO HAS THE
EXPERTISE OF THE TWO UNITS.
 3. CONTINGENCY planning
3. What is CONTINGENCY planning?
>managing the problems that interfere
with
getting work done
>could be reactive or proactive
Ex: 2 nurses for an 8-hour night shift in
the
emergency room called in sickWhat
contingency plans would you do?
 4. STRATEGIC planning
4.What is STRATEGIC planning?
>is defining and prioritizing long-term plans that
includes examining an organizations purpose,
mission, philosophy and goals in the light of its
external environment.

>it is proactive and future-oriented, focuses on a

3-5 year operation of the organization
>it generally aims at creating an image of the
Desired future and design ways to make plans a
reality
 Scope of strategic planning
External assessment >opportunities and threats
Internal assessment >strengths and weaknesses
Priority issues and programs
Vision, mission, values, philosophy
Goals: >strategic organization
>operational division, unit
Objectives
Strategies >timelines >plans
Policies and procedures
Implementation
Evaluation >production/operations
>finance
>marketing
 STEPS IN STRATEGIC
PLANNING
1.Analyze the organizations internal and external environment
(SWOT analysis)
2.Conduct a stakeholder assessment
3.Define the purpose of the organization
4.Clarify values important to the organization
5.Set the goals and objectives
6.Communicate the goals and objectives to the constituents
7.Identify strategies set time lines and tasks
8.Estimate and allocate resources
9.Develop and communicate a marketing or business plan
10.Establish a system for the implementation and monitoring of policies,
procedures, and rules
11.Establish a system for exchanging information and building consensus
11.Provide a mechanism for evaluation