li

ibow
Gach
s to
e hill
Jubile
rom
nce f
Dista

104 103 102 101 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-4 10-5

1 Meter
m 10000m 1000mm 100m 10m
5/13/17 LEAP Confidential 2
 BOND STRENGTH &
ENERGY

5/13/17 LEAP Confidential 3

 Bond energy

H H H-H = H2

H- H H H
5/13/17 LEAP Confidential 4
d lengths and Bond energies of various bonds

5/13/17 LEAP Confidential 5

 Bond Bond length in A0Bond energy in kJs/mole

5/13/17 LEAP Confidential 6

5/13/17 LEAP Confidential 7
 BOND ANGLE

5/13/17 LEAP Confidential 8

 i n
p p
rla
v e
o )
e s
th nd
i t h bo
w Pi
d
n nd
o
b aa
t
l e n ig m
ova . (S Sphere
f C ls
o ita S-Orbital
o n rb
i
at ic o
rm om P-Orbitals (Dumbbell shape
a t
Of

Px Py Pz
5/13/17 LEAP Confidential 9
Overlapping of orbitals --- Terminal overlapping

ls
ta
bi
or
of
ng
pi
ap
rl
ve
alo
in
ls

rm
ita

Te
r b
f o
o
i ng
pp
la
v er
l o
r tia
Pa
5/13/17 LEAP Confidential 10
 The bond and bond formation and distribution
of electron density.

+
Terminal overlapping of p-orbitals bond (-
Molecular orbital)
Electron density is between the nuclei of the
overlapping atoms

Partial and lateral overlapping of p-orbitals bond (

Molecular orbital)
ectron densities are above and below the nuclei of the bonding atoms

5/13/17 LEAP Confidential 11

 s-Orbital s-Orbital s-s bonds

s-Orbital p-Orbital s-p bonds

p-Orbital p-Orbital p-p bonds

pt of nuclear attraction on s-orbital electrons than p-orbital elec
5/13/17 LEAP Confidential 12
 Single bonds are always
bonds

5/13/17 LEAP Confidential 13

 Double Bond:-one bond & one
bond

5/13/17 LEAP Confidential 14