UNIT 4 REVIEW

A R E Y O U R E A DY F O R T H E F I N A L ?
WHAT IS CHEMICAL WEATHERING?

Weathering that changes the chemical

composition (what the substance is made of)
Acid Rain
Iron Rusting
Oxidation
WHAT IS MECHANICAL WEATHERING?

Weathering that does not change the chemical

composition.
Frost wedging
Biological Activity (tree roots)
WHAT IS FROST WEDGING, UNLOADING, EXFOLIATION, AND
SPHEROIDAL WEATHERING?

Frost Wedging- due to freezing and thawing of water seeping in

the rock cracks
Unloading- overlying materials are removed by erosion which
causes underlying rocks to expand
Exfoliation- type of rock weathering where the rock's layers
peel off in whole sheets instead of grain by grain
Spheroidal Weathering- chemical weathering that causes
rounded edges
WHAT HAS THE GREATEST AFFECT ON
SOIL FORMATION?
Climate
WHAT DETERMINES SOIL TEXTURE?

Size of soil particles

WHAT ARE THREE THINGS THAT DETERMINE THE RATE OF
SOIL EROSION?

Slope
Climate
Type of Vegetation
WHAT ARE MASS MOVEMENTS?

Downward movements due to gravity

WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF MASS
MOVEMENTS?
Slump- material moves downslope along a curved
surface
Creep-Slowest type of mass movement
Rock Fall
Rock Slide
Mudflow
WHAT ARE THREE THINGS THAT
COULD TRIGGER MASS MOVEMENTS?
Saturation with Water
Earthquakes
Removal of Vegetation
WHAT DETERMINES A STREAMS ABILITY TO ERODE AND
TRANSPORT MATERIAL?

Velocity
WHAT IS THE SINGLE MOST IMPORTANT EROSIONAL AGENT
ON EARTH?

Running Water
WHAT ARE GLACIERS? WHERE DO THEY FORM?

A thick flowing ice mass that forms from the

accumulation, compaction, and recrystallization of
snow

Where it snows more than it melts.

WHAT ARE DESERTS?

Rainfall is less than 50 cm/year.

WHAT IS THE MAIN TYPE OF WEATHERING IS DESERTS?

Physical (mechanical) weathering

WHAT ARE EPHEMERAL STREAMS?

Streams that are only present after rains

HOW ARE MOUNTAINS CLASSIFIED?

How they are formed

WHAT ARE THE MAJOR TYPES OF MOUNTAINS?

Folded
Fault-Block
Volcanic
 WHAT ARE THE PROPORTIONS OF CL AY, SILT, AND SAND AT THE FOLLOWING
POINTS A , B, C

A: 60% Clay, 20% Silt, 20% Sand

B: 20% Clay, 40% Silt, 40% Sand
C: 10% Clay, 20% Silt, 70% Sand