Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 24

DUAL AND MULTIFUEL

ENGINE
Introduction

Shortage of liquid fuel and gaseous


fuels being cheaper than liquid fuels
gave birth to dual fuel engines.
From recent air and water pollution
concern it became necessary to utilize
sewage gas.
Gaseous fuels have high self-ignition
temperature and burn efficiently.

2
Duel-fuel operation combines the possibility
of operating a diesel engine on liquid fuels
such as diesel oil or gas oil and on gaseous
fuels such as natural gas, sewage gas and
cook oven gas.

3
Working
Principle
Works on diesel cycle.
Gaseous fuel (primary fuel) is added to air
inducted into the engine or supplied by
supercharger.
The mixture of air and gaseous fuel gets
compressed in the
cylinder.
Liquid fuel called pilot fuel injected near the
TDC acts as a source of
ignition.
Gas-air mixture ignites establishing a
number of flame-
fronts.
In a dual-fuel engine combustion starts
similar to CI engine, but it is propagated by
flame-fronts as in SI engine.
4
Working
Principle

5
Gas mode
High efficiency and low
emissions
Automatic and instant
transfer to diesel
operation
in alarm to
Transfer situations
diesel
at any load
operation

Diesel mode
As an ordinary diesel engine
Transfer to gas operation preferably at
load
part
Pilot fuel injection in
operation 6
Performance of Dual-Fuel
engines
Produce equal power when operating
on liquid fuels as with gaseous
fuel.
Dual fuel engines are slightly
more
efficient to conventional diesel at
full
However, the maximum output is
load.
the same.
about
Efficiency of dual in part load is
poor.
slightly
Typical diesel efficiency is 41%, and
dual efficiency is
38.5.
7
Advantages of
Dual Fuel
Engines
Efficient utilization of cheap gas
from various
available
sources.
Gas burns without leaving any residue
pollution).
(no

Clean combustion results in reduced


wear
of engine parts and reduced consumption
of lubricating oil.
8
Advantages of
Dual Fuel
Engines
Increased utility of the power plant
as
the versatility of change-over from
gas
to diesel
Only andamount
a small vice-versa.
of liquid fuel
needed to run
engine.
Suitable for total energy installation
(sewage gas)

9
Advantages of
Dual Fuel
Engines
Can be used to produce
synthetic gas, which is a
mixture of CO and H2.

Ideal for LPG tankers as they


can utilize the gas which
evaporates.

10
Factors affecting combustion in a dual fuel
engine
Pilot fuel quantity

11
12
Injection timing

13
Effect of Cetane number
Effect of inlet
temperature

14
15
Effect of type of gaseous
fuels

16
Effect of throttling
Effect of mixture
strength

17
Main type of gaseous fuel & their
requirement
Natural gas
Sewage gas
LPG
Town gas
Hydrogen gas
Clean
Dry
Minimum calorific value
gas 4500 kcl/cm3
light fuel oil 10,200 kcl/kg
18
Knock control in dual
engine
Excess supply of
air
Use of cold combustion air
Increased cooling of piston
Use of additives
Reducing the pressure of
gaseous fuel
the

19
Multi-fuel
Engines
A multi-fuel engine is one which would
operate satisfactorily with substantially
unchanged performance and efficiency,
on a wide verity of fuels ranging from
diesel
oil, crude oil to lighter fuels like gasoline
and even normal lubrication oil.
Mainly developed for military
requirements.
Has good idling and part load efficiency
and low exhaust
smoke.
20
Should have high compression ratios as
gasoline have low cetane
numbers.
Must be capable of starting at subzero
temperatures.
Large stroke/bore ratio gives a compact
combustion chamber so that it remains
hot in all conditions of speed.
An open combustion chamber is suited
as in a pre-combustion chamber,
additional heat losses due to throat
occur
(e.g., spherical or M-combustion
chamber).
21
Difficulties
Tendency of vapor lock while using
lighter fuels.
Tendency of increased wear due to
lower lubricity of
gasoline.
Requirements for injecting different
volumes of fuel depending on their
heating values and compressibility.

22
References
1. Crouse WH, and Anglin DL, (1985), Automotive Engines, Tata McGra
Hill.
2. Fergusan CR, and Kirkpatrick AT, (2001), Internal Combustion
John Wiley &
Engines,
Sons.
3. Gill PW, Smith JH, and Ziurys EJ, (1959), Fundamentals of I. C.
Oxford and IBH Pub
Engines,
Ltd. H, (1999), Vehicle and Engine Technology, Arnold Publishers
4. Heisler
5. Heywood JB, (1989), Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals,
McGraw
6. Heywood Hill.JB, and Sher E, (1999), The Two-Stroke Cycle Engine, Tayl
& Francis.
7. Mathur ML, and Sharma RP, (1994), A Course in Internal Combustio
Engines, Dhanpat Rai & Sons, New
Delhi.
8. Pulkrabek WW, (1997), Engineering Fundamentals of the I. C. Engin
Hall.
Prentice
9. Rogers GFC, and Mayhew YR, (1992), Engineering Thermodynamic
Wisley.
Addison
10. Stone R, (1992), Internal Combustion Engines, The Macmillan Pres
London.
Limited,
11. Taylor CF, (1985), The Internal-Combustion Engine in Theory and
& 2, The
Practice, Vol.MIT
1 Press, Cambridge,
Massachusetts.
23
Web Resources
1. http://www.mne.psu.edu/simpson/courses
2. http://me.queensu.ca/courses
3. http://www.eng.fsu.edu
4. http://www.personal.utulsa.edu
5. http://www.glenroseffa.org/
6. http://www.howstuffworks.com
7. http://www.me.psu.edu
8. http://www.uic.edu/classes/me/ me429/lecture-air-cyc-web%5B1%5D.ppt
9. http://www.osti.gov/fcvt/HETE2004/Stable.pdf
10. http://www.rmi.org/sitepages/pid457.php
11. http://www.tpub.com/content/engine/14081/css
12. http://webpages.csus.edu
13. http://www.nebo.edu/misc/learning_resources/ ppt/6-12
14. http://netlogo.modelingcomplexity.org/Small_engines.ppt
15. http://www.ku.edu/~kunrotc/academics/ 180/Lesson%2008%20Diesel.ppt
16. http://navsci.berkeley.edu/NS10/PPT/
17. http://www.career-center.org/ secondary/powerpoint/sge-parts.ppt
18. http://mcdetflw.tecom.usmc.mil
19. http://ferl.becta.org.uk/display.cfm
20. http://www.eng.fsu.edu/ME_senior_design/2002/folder14/ccd/Combustion
21. http://www.me.udel.edu
22. http://online.physics.uiuc.edu/courses/phys140
23. http://widget.ecn.purdue.edu/~yanchen/ME200/ME200-8.ppt -
24

Вам также может понравиться