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Introduction- Learning Crisis in Pakistan
Grade 5 students who can read Grade 2 level sentences in English Grade 5 students who can do Grade 2 level two-digit division
50 50
48 48
46 46
% Students 44 48 % Students 44
42 43 42 44 43
40 40
2012 2013 2012 2013
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Reasons for Poor Learning Levels
Lack of
Content
preparation Challenges Lack of
relevance
/ careless of political
and school
attitude of textbooks will
facilities
teachers
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Objectives of the Paper
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Parental
Increased Greater the
educational level-
maternal parental
the most
education, education, greater
important
increased the parental
determinant of the
achievement and involvement,
educational
readiness to better the home
attainment of
attend school environment
children.
(Behrman & (Davis-Kean,
(Stevenson and
Rosenweig,2002) 2005)
Baker, 1987)
Past Literature
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Phas
Conducted in 2013 in Pakistan (ITA)
Districts: Faisalabad, Mianwali and Rahim Yar Khan e III
Number of Schools: 106
Phas
Conducted in 2011 in Pakistan (World Bank)
Districts: Faisalabad, Mianwali and Rahim Yar Khan e II
Number of Schools: 120
Conducted in 2007-08 in India (World Bank) Phas
States: Bihar and Uttar Pradesh eI
Districts: 10
Number of Schools: 160
Context of the Study (School-TELLS)
Size of the Study
106 Schools
(33 Girls Only, 44 Boys Only, 29
Mixed)
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Tools used for Analysis
School
Student
Questionna RAVENS
Test
ire
Gathered Tested students RAVENS
Information on on Arithmetic Progressive
the Background competencies up Matrices Test
and Home to 5th grade. Administered to
Environment Final test scores serve as a proxy
scored out of a for the childs
total of 100 ability
marks
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Median Learning scores
For Grade 3:
Math score= 47 out of 100
RAVENS Test Score= 8 out of 20
For Grade 5:
Math score= 56 out of 100
RAVENS Test Score= 10 out of 20
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The Econometric Model
Math_score= 0+ 1Parent_Educ + X+
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Variables used in the Regression
Age
Control Gender
Variables Ravens Score (IQ)
Parental Involvement
Childrens Aspiration
Explanatory Socio Economic Conditions
Private Tuition
Variables Language Used at home
Incidence of Domestic Work
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Associations
between
Explanatory
Variables
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Results and Findings
For Grade 5
Parental Education
Highly Significant
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Results and Findings
For Grade 5
A slight positive
Socioeconomi effect
c Conditions Not very
significant
-2.24 points on
Domestic average
Work Significant
-4.38 points on
Private average
Tuitions Significant
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Results and Findings
Grade 3
Parental Involvement
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Impact of
domestic Socioeconomic
work on the conditions have Parental
Paternal
learning significant Involvement
education is
levels is impact on the is significant
significant learning
significant for
for the
and higher in outcomes of the the children in
children in
Grade 5 as children in Grade 5
Grade 3
compared to Grade 5
Grade 3.
Discussions
Policy Recommendations
Improving Improving
Parental Parental
Education Involvement
Special
Non-Formal Awareness
Learning and
Options Orientation
Programs
Awareness
about a
Incentives better
learning
Environment
Strings
Attached
Social Safety
Net /Voucher
Programs
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Future Directions and Research
Parental Home
Maternal
Involvem Environm
Variables
ent ent
n 2014 these schools will be revisited and some intervention is being explored with the
School Education Dept, Punjab and private schools in the study
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Thank You!
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