Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 21

TheDopplerEffect

Ch.25.925.11
Objectives
1. Describedopplereffect
2. Describebowwaves
3. Describesonicbooms
StationarySource
Bugbobbingat
constantfrequencyon
surfaceofwater
Whatdoyounotice
aboutf&?
Bugformsconcentric
circles.
Wavesencounter
pointAasfrequently
aspointB.
TheDopplerEffect
MovingSource
Bugbeginstomoveacross
surface@lessthanwave
speed.
Whichobserver(AorB)will
encounterahigherfrequency
ofwaves?
Answer:B A A B
DopplerEffect:
changeinFREQUENCY(f)
duetothemotionofthesource
Whataboutwavespeed,does
itchange?
NO!!!!
DopplerEffect
MovingSource
Waterwavesspreadoverflat
surface,butSoundwavestravelin
3Dandexpandlikeballoon
Whatdoyounoticeaboutthe
wavesinfrontoftraincomparedto
thoseinbackwhentrainis
stationary?Inmotion?
Wavecrestsaheadofmoving
sourceareclosertogetherthan
behindsource
Whatdoesthismean?
Higherfrequencyinfront,lower
frequencyinback.
i.e.car/trainhorn
Demowithstringandnoise
DopplerEffect
Radar

Bounceradarwaves
offofmovingvehicles
Comparesfofradar
wavesfromgunwith
thefofreflected
waves
Q:Whenasourcemovestowardsyou,is
thereanincreaseordecreaseinwave
speed?
A:Neither!Itisthefrequencyofthewave
thatundergoesachange,NOTthewave
speed.
Whathappenswhenthespeedofthesourceis
isEQUALtothespeedofwavesitproduces?
Thewavespileupand
superimposeoneach
other
Thisisabarrierwave:
Sourceandwavesare
equalspeeds
Whathappenswhenthespeedofthesourceis
isGREATERthanthespeedofwavesit
produces?
ProducesaBowWave:
Speedofsourceisgreater
thanwavespeed
Thewavecrestsoverlapat
edgescreatingaVshape.
BowWaves
Thiscanbeseenby
speedboats
Increasedspeed
producesanarrowerV
shape.
Noticethattheboat
downbelowis
outrunningthewaves
itproduces
Patternsmadebyanobjectmovingat
successivespeeds
Drawtheseplease
F14Tomcat
DoPlanesactuallybreakthe
soundbarrier?
Hereswhathappens...
Overlappingwavecrests
disruptflowofairover
wings>hardertocontrol
planewhenflyingcloseto
speedofsound(761mph)
But,thebarrierisnotreal
Thinkofitthisway
Justlikeaboattravelsfaster
thanspeedofwaterwaves
aplanecantravelfasterthan
thespeedofsound
Supersonic!!
ShockWaves
ShockWave:
producedfromoverlapping
spheresthatformacone
Jetpushessoundwaves
infrontofit
Soundwavesmust
obeythespeedlimit>
pileupagainsteachother
Thesepiledupwaves
arecalledshockwaves
ShockWaves
SonicBoom:
thecrackyouhearwhenthe
compressedairofasupersonic
objectreachestheground
Soundwaveshityouallatonce
(notoneatatime)
Boat(onewaveatattime)vs.jet
(allwavesatonce)
Abulletpassingoverhead
producesacrackwhichisa
smallsonicboom
Biggertheobject>moreairis
displaced>loudertheboom
SonicBoomDescription
ShockWaves
ShockWavesspread
untiltheyreachthe
ground.
Crestsoverlapand
encounterslistenerina
singleburst
Soalllistenershear
theboomatthesame
time?
Shockwaveandsonic
boomareswept
continuouslybehind
aircraft
Bullets,whips,and
towels

Вам также может понравиться