DISASTER MANAGEMENT

AND MITIGATION
By
G. PRAVEEN KUMAR
&
N. GOWTHAM RAAM
3RD CIVIL ENGINEERING,
DR. MAHALINGAM COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY,POLLACHI-03
INTRODUCTION
Disaster management
Climate hazards within overall context of disaster
management
Central government provides logistic and financial
support
State level responses vary
National coordinating body: National Disaster
Management Cell (NDMC), Department of
Agriculture and Co-operation, Ministry of Agriculture
Disaster Risk Management

Disaster management can be defined as the

effective organization, direction and utilization of
available counter-disaster resources
The modern view is that there must be pre-disaster
mitigation measures to avoid or reduce impact of
disasters.
Pre-disaster measures to prevent or mitigate
disasters are called Risk Management.
Hazard Vulnerability in India

60% 16% 12%

3%

8%
Vulnerability Scenario In The Future

Migration of rural population to urban will demand more

economic activities for creating more employment
Create in scarcity of inhabitable land,value appreciation of
available land,value depreciation of land in hazard prone
areas
High demand for infrastructure development
Create in an un-affordability of quality construction
Will lead to likelihood of high damages and losses
Human Alteration Of The Natural
Land Features
Human Impact on the Environment
Many benefits of a natural landscape are lost or modified as
development takes place.
Negative Consequences of
Development
Migration of population to cities
Densely populated Communities
More people living on marginal lands
Greater unplanned settlements due to land scarcity
High risk due to natural and manmade Hazards
Results due to high exposure of
Infrastructure
Increased vulnerability to Primary hazards such as
earthquakes, floods,cyclones etc.
Potential high impact due to secondary hazards like
urban fire, technological and other accidents etc
High environmental problems and inconvenience to
urban populations
More control measures to save facilities,innovative
design options are needed
What is Management?
Management consists of decision-making activities
undertaken by one or more individuals to direct and
coordinate the activities of other people in order to
achieve results, which could not be accomplished by
any one person acting alone.
Management is required when two or more persons
combine their efforts and resources to accomplish a
goal, which neither can accomplish alone.
Disaster Management cycle

Warning Disaster
Disaster Risk Management

Disaster Emergency
Preparedness Response

Disaster
Rehabilitation
Mitigation

Disaster
Reconstruction
Prevention
METHODS
Risk Management Process

Risk management has three components.

Risk identification

Risk reduction

Risk transfer
Risk Identification
Risk identification has to be done through mapping and
using other available technological options.
To allocate risk management to a special body at national
level- National Disaster Management Organization
(NDMO).
Others support should be obtained within a National
Action Plan for Disaster Management
At local level it may be the responsibility of a Disaster
Mitigation Committee, which administers risk
management.
Risk Reduction
Effective risk reduction involves mitigation
measures in hazard prone areas.
It may also involve overcoming the
socioeconomic, institutional and political barriers
to the adoption of effective risk reduction
strategies and measures in developing countries.
Risk Transfer
Effective risk transfer involves different tools-
insurance, tax policies, special measures focused
on land management.
Organizational structure,policies,legislation etc. is
required for effective implementation of risk
transfer strategies for a country or local
government area.
METHODOLOGIES
Pre Disaster Preparedness In Thrust Areas
Emergency Operation Centres

Multi-purpose Cyclone Shelters

Coastal Shelterbelt Plantation

National Disaster Information System

Early Warning System

Mapping
Areas of Concern
Activating an Early Warning System network and
its close monitoring
Mechanisms for integrating the scientific,
technological and administrative agencies for
effective disaster management
Terrestrial communication links which collapse in
the event of a rapid onset disaster
Vulnerability of critical infrastructures (power
supply, communication, water supply, transport,
etc.) to disaster events
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Care After Disaster
Restoration of Basic Facilities

Relief & Reconstruction

Economic Rehabilitation

Psycho-social Rehabilitation

Community Mental Health

Scientific Damage Assessment

During Disaster

Emergency search & rescue

Disposal of dead bodies and Carcass

Ex-gratia announcement

Immediate relief

Mobile Hospitals
Precautions on Disaster
Management

Encourage and consolidate knowledge networks

Mobilise and train disaster volunteers for more
effective preparedness, mitigation and response.
Increased capacity building leads to faster
vulnerability reduction.
Learn from best practices in disaster preparedness,
mitigation and disaster response
 GOVERNMENT OF INDIA : NODAL
MINISTRIES / DEPARTMENT FOR
DISASTER MANAGEMENT

DISASTERS NODAL MINISTRIES

Natural Disasters Agriculture

Air Accidents Civil Aviation
Civil Strife Home Affairs
Railway Accidents Railways
Chemical Disasters Environment
Biological Disasters Health & family
Welfare
Nuclear Accident Atomic Energy
CONCLUSION
How To PREVENT disasters?

Understand behavior of hazards

Reduce Vulnerabilities
Reduce the possibility for exposure
Increase / Improve Readiness (Capacity, Capability, Efficiency,
Effectiveness)
Mitigate the impact of hazards
PREVENTION
Objective is to achieve sustainability in
development process.
Series of interconnected initiatives at all levels at
all times
Implemented by multidisciplinary team working
with the community
Call for an attitudinal change in managing risk.
REFERENCE
Disaster Risk management by N.M.S.I.
Arambepola, Asian Urban Disaster Mitigation
Program
Disaster management in India by Anand
Patwardhan IIT-Bombay
Disaster Management - Perspective Planning
GOI Initiatives by M. Madhavan Nambiar
THANK U..