The Community Health Nursing Process:

Program Implementation

Presented by:
Kumboyono

Sept 2009
 Program Implementation

Program implementation is the process of

putting the program plan into action.

(Hitchcock, Schubert, & Thomas, 2003)

 Program Implementation
Successful program implementation requires an
effective change agent.
Change agents need to possess:
knowledge about the change process and
change theory
effective verbal and written communication skill
visionary leadership
conflict management skills
 Some questions to consider in program
implementation are:

How can we ensure that we do good and

no harm?
How can we keep things on the track?
How can we deal with unexpected?
 How we can ensure that
we do good and no harm?
Respected ethical principles and nurses ethical codes

Informed consent; people must understand the

program, its purposes, any possible risk and benefit,
and they may withdraw at any time without difficulty
 How can we keep things on the track?
1. Gaining acceptance of the program
2. Specifying tasks & estimating resource needs
3. Developing specific plans for program activities
4. Putting the plans into action
 1. Gaining acceptance of the program

Strategies:
Use of the media and public relations
campaigns
Political process
Lay leadership
2. Specifying tasks and estimating resource
needs
Review of the Program Plan:
Determination of intermediate and final
product of the program
Preparation of detailed list of activities
Enumeration of interrelationships among
activities
Determining resources requirements
 3. Developing specific plans for program
activities
Developing plans into a marketing plans:
Background and rationale for the program activities
Characteristics of the target populations
Specific goal and objectives program activities
Indicators of effectiveness of the program
The approaches for introducing the program
Protocols of specific interventions
Time schedule for implementation
Budgeting
 3. Putting the plans into action

Internal implementation:
Organizational change
Orientation and training staf
A pilot test of the program. A trial run of
the interventions is desirable before full-
scale implementation
 3. Putting the plans into action

External implementation
Assessment of the target populations
readiness for change
Involvement of the target population in
implementation
Identification barriers and facilitators of
implementation
 How can we deal with unexpected?
Attention should be directed to how the
interventions fit within the program
Maintain the fidelity of the interventions
throughout the life of program
The political environment must be carefully
monitored during implementation:
Meeting regularly with stakeholders,
Developing coalitions
Marketing and providing information to the public