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Chronic
Lymphocytic
Leukemia
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CLL
Chronic mature cells, signs and symptoms
develop gradually, and often discovered
accidentally; May not be diagnosed for 10-
15 years!
Lymphocytic lymphoproliferative disorder
Leukemia replacement of normal bone
marrow with neoplastic cells, causing
anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia
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CLL
Most common form of leukemia in older adults
Patients usually in their 50s when diagnosed
Average survival time is 5 years; May take an
aggressive course with only 1-2 years of survival
time
Many CLL patients die from infections
No known specific etiologic agent or cause for CLL
Most frequently a neoplasm of B-lymphocytes
(rarely T cells)
Lymphocytes are small and have relatively mature,
well-differentiated appearance
Bare nuclei, called smudge cells frequently found
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CLL
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CLL
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CML
Also known as Chronic Granulocytic Leukemia (CGL)
A clonal myeloproliferative disorder of hematopoietic
pluripotent cell transformation characterized by marked
leukocytosis and excessive production of granulocytes at all
stages of maturation
Is associated with chromosomal abnormality called
Philadelphia Chromosome; 90-95% of patients with CML
carry Philadelphia Chromosome, which is the joining of
chromosomes 9 and 22
Usually occurs between ages of 30-50 (adult leukemia)
CML accounts for 25% of all leukemia cases
Often discovered accidentally during routine physical
Mean survival is 3-4 years after diagnosis
Most patients die from complications arising from blast cell
crisis
Only treatment is bone marrow transplant 10
CML
A clonal stem cell disorder
Causative agents include exposure to
ionizing radiation, administration of
cytotoxic drugs, and exposure to viruses
Cause of CML is unknown in 95% of cases
Not inherited; Appears to be acquired, and
the Philadelphia Chromosome is not present
in non-hematopoietic tissues
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Philadelphia Chromosome in CML
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