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Define pain.
Merskey and Bogduk, International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP)
DEFINITION OF PAIN
(McCaffery,2011)
TYPE OF PAIN
Acute Pain
Chronic Pain
Nurses spend more time with patient than other healthcare provider.
Nurses usually the first one to assess pain and to listen to the
response.
(Parker & Bailard, 2010)
NURSES ROLE IN PAIN ASSESSMENT
Categorical Scale
OBSERVATIONAL PAIN TOOL - ADULT
FLACC Scale
Category Score
0 1 2
Face No particular Occasional grimace or Frequent to constant
expression or smile frown, withdrawn, quivering chin,
disinterested clenched jaw
Legs Normal position or Uneasy, restless, tense Kicking or legs drawn
relaxed up
Activity Lying quietly, normal Squirming, shifting back Arched, rigid or
position, moves and forth, tense jerking
easily
Cry No cry (awake or Moans or whimpers; Crying steadily,
asleep) occasional complaint screams or sobs,
frequent complaints
Consolability Content, relaxed Reassured by occasional Difficult to console
touching, hugging or
being talked to
distractible
NURSES ROLE IN PAIN ASSESSMENT
NO YES
4 HOURLY PAIN
OBSERVATION ACRONYM
Documentation
PAIN Acronym
During admission
4. Communication Skills
When the pain Score is 4/10 using NRS, Faces Scale or FLACC
Scale
Clinical Chart
Human Body Chart Documentation
Improved functions