PLATONIC SOLIDS

God eternally Geometrizes

PLATONIC SOLIDS
PLATONIC SOLIDS
1) Each formation will have the same shape on every
side
2) Every line on each of the formations will be exactly
the same length.
3) Every internal angle on each of the formations will
also be the same.
4) Each shape will fit perfectly inside a sphere, all the
points touching the edges of the sphere.
5) Same number of lines meets at the vertex
PLATONIC SOLIDS
Tetrahedron Cube

Octahedron

Icosahedron Dodecahedron
PLATONIC SOLIDS
Plato association of each
of the four classical
elements earth, air, water
and fire with the regular
solid cube, octahedron,
icosahedron and
tetrahedron respectively
PLATONIC SOLIDS

Keplers model of the

solar system using
Platonic Solids
HOW MANY PLATONIC SOLIDS

To construct a vertex of a regular polyhedron two

conditions must be met:

A minimum of three planes of regular polygons is

required

The sum of the angles of the polygonal vertices

must be less than the full angle of 360
HOW MANY PLATONIC SOLIDS
HOW MANY PLATONIC SOLIDS
PLATONIC SOLIDS
Since any edge joins two vertices and has two
adjacent faces we must have:
pF=2E=qV

The other relationship between these values is given

by Euler's formula:

V-E+F=2

Together these three relationships completely

determine V, E, and F:
PLATONIC SOLIDS
4p
V
4 ( p 2)(q 2)
2 pq
E
4 ( p 2)(q 2)
4q
F
4 ( p 2)(q 2)
PLATONIC SOLIDS
Each Platonic solid can be denoted by a symbol {p, q}
where

p = the number of sides of each face (or the number of

vertices of each face) and

q = the number of faces meeting at each vertex (or the

number of edges meeting at each vertex).

The symbol {p, q}, called the Schlfli symbol.

PLATONIC SOLIDS
The Schlfli symbols of the five Platonic solids are
PLATONIC SOLIDS
Truncated icosahedron

F = 32 (12 x 5 + 20 x 6)
E = 90
V = 60
Pentagon with the inscribed pentagram

KAH 36
AKH AHK 72
Pentagon with the inscribed pentagram
ABC : BCD
AB BC
BC 2 AB CD
BC CD

Let CD = 1, BC = BD = AD = r

r2 = r+ 1
1 5
r 1.618
2
Pentagon with the inscribed pentagram

Red is to black

Red is to green

Green is to yellow

Yellow is to blue

All ratios equal to 1.618

Golden Ratio
Penrose Tilings
Golden Rectangle

a 1 5
1.618
b 2
b 2

a 1 5
b 2 1 5

ab 5 1 2
Golden Rectangle
H G
AB = a
ED = a/2
D C
5a
FD =
2
E F
a 5a
AH=
2 2
A B AH 5 1

AB 2
Golden Rectangle
Golden Rectangle
Fibonacci Series

1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, .

fn1 fn fn1
fn1 fn

fn fn1
1
1 2 1

1 5

2
Fibonacci Series