TYPES OF COMPRESSOR

Types of
compressor

Reciprocating piston Rotary piston Flow

compressor compressor compressor

Piston Diaphragm Radial flow Axial flow

Compressor compressor compressor compressor

Sliding vane Two axle Roots

rotary screw blower
compressor compressor

Production of Compressed Air

 TYPE OF COMPRESSOR
Type of compressor used depends on the
operational demands with regards to working
pressure and delivery volume.
Compressors fall into two groups. The first
group operates on the displacement principle
where air is compressed by containing it in a
chamber and then reducing the volume of this
chamber.This type is called is piston
compressor.
Second group operates on the air flow principle
by drawing air in on one side and compressing
it by a mass acceleration (turbine).

Production of Compressed Air

RECIPROCATING PISTON
COMPRESSOR

Most widely used

compressor.
Used for
compressing low,
medium and high
pressure.

Production of Compressed Air

RECIPROCATING MULTISTAGE
COMPRESSOR
Used for compressing
higher pressures.
Drawn in air is
compressed by first
piston, cooled and
compressed further
by next piston.
Volume of second
compression chamber
is smaller.

Production of Compressed Air

DIAPHRAGM COMPRESSOR

Piston is separated
from the piston
chamber by a
diaphragm.
Used in food,
pharmaceuticals
and chemical
industry.

Production of Compressed Air

SLIDING VANE ROTARY COMPRESSOR

An eccentrically rotor
rotates in a
cylindrical housing
having inlet and
outlet slots.
Sliding vanes are
contained in the slots
in the rotor.
When rotating the
centrifugal forces is
exerted on the vane.

Production of Compressed Air

SCREW COMPRESSOR

Two intermeshing
rotor one having a
convex profile and
other a concave
profile displaces
the axial entering
air to the other
side.

Production of Compressed Air

ROOTS BLOWER

The air is
conveyed one side
to other without
any change in
volume.
The piston edges
produce ceiling on
the pressure side.

Production of Compressed Air

AXIAL FLOW COMPRESSOR
Works on air flow
principle.
Suited for larger
delivery volumes.
The air state is
converted into one or
more turbine wheels
to flow velocity.
Kinetic energy is
converted to pressure
energy.
The air is accelerated
by the blades in an
axial direction of flow.
Production of Compressed Air
RADIAL FLOW COMPRESSOR

Acceleration from
chamber to chamber
radial out wards,
reversal of the flowing
air and returned to
the shaft and again
acceleration
outwards.

Production of Compressed Air

 CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF A
COMPRESSOR
1 Delivery volume
The amount of air which the compressor delivers.
Delivery volumes are specified into two different ways. I.e..,
Theoretical delivery volume: for reciprocating piston
compressor is a product of swept volume into number of
revolution.
Effective delivery volume: It depends on the type of
compressor and the pressure. It is affected by the
volumetric efficiency.
2 Pressure
Working Pressure: It is the compressor outlet pressure or
the pressure in the receiver /pipelines.
Operational Pressure: It is the pressure which is required
at the operating position. In most cases the operation
pressure is 6 bar.

Production of Compressed Air

COMPRESSOR DRIVE

Electrical drive
Stationary
condition
IC Engine drive
mobile
condition

Production of Compressed Air

EXHAUST REGULATIONS

Compressor works
against a pressure
relief valve(safety
valve).
When the pressure in
the receiver has
reached the set value,
the safety valve opens
and exhaust to
atmosphere.

Production of Compressed Air

SHUT OFF REGULATION

Suction side is cut off

Compressor in take is
closed.
Compressor cannot
draw air in &
continues to run in
the vacuum range.
Used in particularly
rotary and some
extent in reciprocating
piston compressor.

Production of Compressed Air

GRIP ARM REGULATION

Used on piston
compressor
Suction valve is kept
open by means of a
grip arm.
Compressor cannot
compress any air.
Regulation is simple.

Production of Compressed Air

ON OFF REGULATION

The compressor has

two operating
condition (full load or
stand still)
The compressor is
switched off at
maximum pressure
and switched on
minimum pressure.

Production of Compressed Air

COMPRESSOR COOLINGS

AIR COOLING
Cooling fins on smaller
compressor allow heat
to be removed by
radiation.
WATER COOLING
In case of compressor
plant with a drive power
in excess of 30 KW air
cooling is no longer
sufficient. During this
time the compressor is
equipped with water
cooling
Production of Compressed Air
 BRANCH LINE
Branch line, it should
be ensured that the
pipe lines are installed
with downward
gradient of 1 to 2 %
measured in the
direction of the flow.
The branches for air
pick off points should
always be made from
the top of the pipe
because of
condensation.

Production of Compressed Air

 RING CIRCUIT
Ring circuits are most
frequently used as
main line.
Branch connection
are fitted from this
main line.
Using this type of
circuit uniform supply
can be obtained and
air can flow from two
directions.

Production of Compressed Air

INTER CONNECTED CIRCUIT

Inter connected
circuit is also ring
circuit owing to the
longitudinal and
transverse connection
of the airline, makes
it possible to work
with air at any part.

Production of Compressed Air

 Installation site:
The compressor station should be installed in
a room on its own and sound proofed towards
the outside.
The room should be well ventilated and the
free air should be as cool, dust free and dry
as possible.

Production of Compressed Air

COMPRESSED AIR RECEIVER
The compressed air
receiver serves to
stabilize the
compressed air supply.
It smoothens pressure
fluctuations in the
network when air is
consumed.
In addition, the large
surface area of the
receiver cools the air.
Thus, a portion of the
moisture in the air is
separated as water
directly from the
receiver.
Production of Compressed Air
 LINE CONNECTORS - TUBE CONNECTORS

Cutting Ring Connector

Connector with staved bulge

Clamping Ring Connector Flanged Connector

Production of Compressed Air
 LINE CONNECTORS HOSE CONNECTORS

Plug Socket

Production of Compressed Air

TUBING CONNECTORS

Quick
Connectors
Threaded
Connectors
with union
nut

Production of Compressed Air